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Platform Technology (Operating System) > Flashcards > Flashcards

Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the role of the Object manager in Windows

A

The Object manager creates, manages, and deletes Windows objects representing resources like processes, threads, and synchronization objects.

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2
Q

What is the function of the Windowing and graphing system in Windows?

A

The Windowing and graphing system implements the graphical user interface (GUI) controls and illustrations.

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3
Q

How does the Plug-and-play manager contribute to Windows operation?

A

The Plug-and-play manager determines and loads the drivers required to support specific devices.

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4
Q

Define the responsibility of the Power manager in Windows

A

The Power manager coordinates power consumption among devices and can reduce power usage by shutting down idle devices or setting the processor to sleep.

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5
Q

Describe the role of the Security reference monitor in Windows

A

The Security reference monitor enforces access validation and audit rules for protected objects like files, processes, and I/O devices.

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6
Q

What is the function of the Virtual memory manager in Windows?

A

The Virtual memory manager manages virtual addresses, physical memory, and paging files on disk.

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7
Q

How does the Configuration manager contribute to Windows operation?

A

The Configuration manager implements and manages the system registry, storing system-wide and per-user settings.

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8
Q

Define the purpose of the Advanced local procedure call (ALPC) facility in Windows

A

The ALPC facility implements an efficient cross-process call mechanism for communication between local processes and subsystems.

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9
Q

Describe the Windows Kernel in the context of the OS

A

The Windows Kernel is considered the core software of the operating system.

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10
Q

Describe the role of the Kernel in an operating system.

A

The Kernel controls the execution of processors, manages thread scheduling, process switching, exception and interrupt handling, and multiprocessor synchronization.

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11
Q

What is the Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL) responsible for in an operating system?

A

The HAL isolates the OS from platform-specific hardware variances, making each computer’s system bus, DMA controller, interrupt manager, system timers, and memory controller appear the same.

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12
Q

Define User-mode Processes in an operating system.

A

User-mode Processes include special system processes, service processes, device drivers, and environment subsystems that provide different operating system environments.

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13
Q

How do Device drivers contribute to an operating system?

A

Device drivers are dynamic libraries that extend the functionality of the Windows Executive by including hardware device drivers that translate user I/O function calls into specific hardware device I/O requests.

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14
Q

Describe the role of Environment subsystems in an operating system.

A

Environment subsystems provide different operating system environments and support POSIX and Win32 subsystems by containing processes shared among all applications.

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15
Q

What are User applications in an operating system?

A

User applications include executable programs (EXE) and dynamic link libraries (DLLs) that provide the functionality a user needs to make use of the system.

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16
Q

Explain the function of the Shell in a classic UNIX system.

A

The Shell supports system calls from applications, other interface software, and components of the C compiler, allowing interaction with hardware.

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17
Q

Describe the development history of the classic UNIX system.

A

The classic UNIX system was developed at Bell Labs, partly written in assembly language, and later converted into C language.

18
Q

Describe the original name of UNIX and its meaning.

A

UNIX was initially called Uniplexed Information and Computing Service (UNICS).

19
Q

Define the three levels of the architecture of classic UNIX.

A

The three levels are User level, Hardware level, and System kernel.

20
Q

How does a classic UNIX system handle concurrent access to data structures by multiple processors?

A

Classic UNIX lacks the ability to protect its data structures from concurrent access by multiple processors.

21
Q

Do modern UNIX systems have a modular architecture?

A

Yes, modern UNIX systems have a modular architecture.

22
Q

Describe the role of the Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) in the development of UNIX.

A

BSD played an important role in the development of UNIX design theory and in releasing commercial UNIX products.

23
Q

Define the components of a modern UNIX system kernel.

A

Components include process control, memory management, device drivers, and hardware control.

24
Q

How are common facilities in a modern UNIX system implemented?

A

Common facilities are implemented as loadable modules that can be automatically loaded and unloaded.

25
Q

Describe the structure of the Linux operating system.

A

The Linux operating system is composed of independent loadable modules that provide various functions and services.

26
Q

Describe the characteristics of Linux loadable modules.

A

Dynamic linking allows modules to be loaded and linked into the kernel while it is executing, and stackable modules are arranged hierarchically.

27
Q

What is the significance of System V Release 4 (SVR4)?

A

It was a joint development by AT&T and Sun Microsystems to provide a uniform platform for commercial UNIX deployment.

28
Q

Define loadable module in the context of operating systems.

A

A loadable module is an object file whose code can be linked and unlinked from the kernel at runtime, implementing specific functions.

29
Q

How did Linux operating system originate?

A

It started as a UNIX variant for the IBM PC architecture, created by Linus Torvalds and released on the Internet in 1991.

30
Q

Do Linux loadable modules run in kernel mode?

A

Yes, they are executed in kernel mode on behalf of the current process.

31
Q

Describe the collaborative development process of Linux.

A

Numerous programmers and developers have collaborated over the Internet to enhance the Linux operating system.

32
Q

What are some components of the Linux kernel?

A

Components include signals, character device drivers, system calls, block device drivers, processes and scheduler, network device drivers, virtual memory, file systems, physical memory, network protocols, interrupts.

33
Q

How is Linux described in terms of its modularity and configurability?

A

It is highly modular, easy to configure, and runs on various hardware platforms, providing optimal performance.

34
Q

Explain the concept of stackable modules in Linux.

A

Modules act as libraries when referenced by higher modules and as clients when referencing lower modules in a hierarchical order.

35
Q

Describe the Android operating system.

A

The Android operating system is a Linux-based system originally designed for mobile phones, consisting of a software stack that includes a modified version of the Linux kernel, middleware, and key applications.

36
Q

What is the role of the Linux kernel in an Android operating system?

A

The Linux kernel in an Android operating system is responsible for core system functions, scheduling, security, memory management, process management, network stack, and driver model.

37
Q

How does the Android operating system utilize the Linux-based kernel?

A

The Android operating system relies on the Linux-based kernel for essential system functions and services, while excluding drivers that are unsuitable for mobile environments to keep the system smaller.

38
Q

Define AOSP in the context of Android development.

A

AOSP stands for Android Open-Source Project, which is a source code that developers and enthusiasts use to create and distribute their own modified versions of the Android operating system.

39
Q

Do you know the history behind the development of the Android operating system?

A

Android, Inc. initiated the development of the Android operating system and was later acquired by Google in 2005.

40
Q

Describe the community involved in Android development.

A

Android development has an active community of developers and enthusiasts who contribute to the Android Open-Source Project (AOSP) to create and share their customized versions of the operating system.

Platform Technology (Operating System) (3 decks)

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