Flash Cards
Substance
A type of matter with a fixed composition.
Element
If all the atoms in a substance have the same identity.
Compound
A substance in which the atoms of two or more elements are combined in a fixed proportion.
Heterogeneous mixture
A mixture in which different materials can be distinguished easily.
Homogeneous mixture
This contains two or more gaseous, liquid, or solid substances blended evenly throughout.
Solution
A homogeneous mixture of particles so small that they cannot be seen with a microscope and will never settle to the bottom of a container.
Colloid
A type of mixture with particles that are larger than those in solutions but not heavy enough to settle out.
Tyndall effect
Scattering of light by colloidal particles.
Suspension
A heterogeneous mixture containing a liquid in which visible particles settle.
Physical property
Any characteristic of a material that you can observe without changing the identity of the substances that make up the material.
Physical change
A change in size, shape, or state of a matter.
Distillation
The process for separating substances in a mixture by evaporating a liquid and reconsidering its vapor.
Chemical property
A substance that indicates whether it can undergo a certain chemical change.
Chemical change
A change of one substance to another.
Law of conservation of mass
the mass of all substances that are present before a chemical change equals the mass of all the substances that remain after the change.
Kinetic theory
An explanation of how particles in matter behave.
Melting point
The temp. at which solid begins to liquefy.
Heat of fusion
When the solid phase goes to the liquid phase at its melting point.
Boiling point
212 Fahrenheit and 100 Celsius
Heat of vaporization
A function of the pressure and temperature at which the transformation (vaporization or evaporation) takes place.
Diffusion
the action of spreading the light from a light source evenly so as to reduce glare and harsh shadows.
Plasma
an ionized gas consisting of positive ions and free electrons in proportions resulting in more or less no overall electric charge, typically at low pressures
Thermal expansion
the tendency of matter to increase in length, area, or volume.
Buoyancy
the ability or tendency to float in water or air or some other fluid.
