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Parasitology > Flagellates > Flashcards

Flagellates Flashcards

1
Q

T/F: Balantidium colo is a flagellate

A

False. It is a ciliate.

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2
Q

T/F: Most intestinal parasites are transmitted via feco-oral oral except for T. vaginalis.

A

True.

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3
Q

Mode of transmission of T. vaginalis.

A

Sexual contact

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4
Q

Other names for Giardia lamblia

A

Giardia duodenalis

Giardia intesinalis

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5
Q

Diagnostic stage of Giardia lamblia.

A

Trophozoite and cysts in feces

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6
Q

Infective stage of Giardia lamblia

A

Cysts –> resistant forms

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7
Q

Mode of transmission of Giardia lamblia

A

Ingestion of cysts from contaminated water, food
Fecal-oral route
Hands or Fomites

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8
Q

T/F: Human to human transmission of Giardiasis is impossible

A

False. It is possible.

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9
Q

Cysts of Giardia lamblia is found in what type of stool?

A

Non-diarrheal/formed

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10
Q

Where does excystation of Giardia lamblia occur?

A

In duodenum

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11
Q

T/F: Giardiasis is localized to small intestine only therefore do not enter the bloodstreeam.

A

True

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12
Q

T/F: The cyst of Giardiasis causes inflammation of duodenal mucosa

A

False. It is the trophozoite since the cysts excyst and produce 2 trophozoites which attaches themselves in gut wall using ventral sucker.

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13
Q

What macromolecule is not absorbed normally in Giardiasis?

A

Fat and proteins

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14
Q

T/F: Chlorination kills Giardia lamblia.

A

False. Filtration will remove them.

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15
Q

Immunoglobulin deficiency that predisposes patient to have symptomatic infection.

A

IgA deficiency.

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16
Q

String (Enterotest) is used to diagnose what flagellate

A

Giardia lamblia

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17
Q

Drug of choice for most flagellates is

A

Metronidazole.

However, tinidazole is better tolerated

18
Q

In string (enterotest), what life cycle stage attaches to the string?

A

Trophozoites

19
Q

Trophozoite and cyst description of G. lamblia

A

Trophozoite - binucleate , 4 pairs of flagella, suction disk

Cyst - quadrinucleate, oval in shape,

20
Q

Flagellates which exists only on trophozoite form

A

Trichomonas vaginalis

21
Q

T/F: In trichomoniasis, treatment of only the infected person is crucial for those with partners.

A

False. Treatment of both is essential.

22
Q

T/F: Maintenance of high pH vaginal is essential for treatment of Trichomoniasis

A

False. Maintenance of LOW vaginal pH

23
Q

Historically, only trophozoites are found in this intestinal parasite

A

Dientamoeba fragilis

24
Q

T/F: Dientamoeba fragilis have external flagella

A

False. Only internal flagella.

25
Q

Diagnostic stage of Dientamoeba fragilis

A

Trophozoites in feces

26
Q

Infective stage of Dientamoeba fragilis

A

Direct fecal-oral route, with possibility of involvement of pre-cyst and cyst stages

27
Q

Where is the trophozoite of Dientamoeba fragilis found?

A

In lumen of large intestine

28
Q

Treatment of choice for Dientamoeba fragiis

A

Metronidazole for 5-10 days course

29
Q

Unlike other parasites, what can be seen in CBC of Dientamoeba fragilis?

A

Peripheral eosinophilia, hence may mask as allergic colitis

30
Q

What should be used to preserve stool specimen of Dientamoeba?

A

Polyvinyl alcohol

31
Q

Chilomastix mesnili resides in?

A

Cecum and/or colon

32
Q

Where does excystation of Chilomastix spp occur?

A

In large intestine where it sheds trophozoites

33
Q

T/F: Chilomastix mesnili is a commensal pathogen

A

True.

34
Q

T/F: Chilomastix mesnili is considered a cosmopolitan species.

A

True. It is found in brackish, fresh, and marine waters.

35
Q

Diagnostic stage of Chilomastix mesnili

A

Both trophozoite and cysts

36
Q

Infective stage of Chilomastix mesnili

A

Cysts

37
Q

Mode of transmission of Chilomastix mesnili

A

Feco-oral route

38
Q

T/F: Chilomastix mesnili’s trophozoite is non-feeding

A

False. Feeding via endocytosis.

39
Q

T/F: Chilomastix mesnili’s cyst is non-feeding

A

True

40
Q

T/F: Trophozoite of chilomastix mesnili has 4 flagella

A

True. 3 anterior flagella, 1 more posterior flagella that acts as a mouth with feeding groove

41
Q

T/F: Cyst of Chilomastix mesnili has 4 flagella

A

False. Only the vaned flagella (4th) exist in Chilomastix mesnili. The 3 anteriors are not found hence it is non-motile.

42
Q

T/F: Cysts of Chilomastix mesnili is motile.

A

False. Since the anterior flagellas are not found in cysts, Chilomastix mesnili cyst is non-motile.

Parasitology (2 decks)

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