Five Major Worldviews Today Flashcards
Biblical Theism - Metaphysics
Both supernatural and natural are real. God created and sustains the visible and invisible universe
Biblical Theism - Theology
Trinitarian Theism: God is three-in-one. God is the Creator and sustainer of the Universe. He is Personal, infinite, omnipotent, omniscient, omnipresent, and all good
Biblical Theism - Epistemology
Knowledge originates from and is revealed by God alone. It is perceived by reason, the senses, and experience. God has given us particular knowledge in the form of the Bible.
Biblical Theism - Anthropology
God created humanity in His image to glorify Him. But through Adam’s fall all humanity carries a sinful nature, binding us to ongoing disobedience until God sets us free in Jesus Christ.
Biblical Theism - Ethics
Ethics determined by God’s absolute character. Whatever reflects His character and pleases Him is good.
Naturalism - Metaphysics
There is only the material world. It began by chance and operates like a machine
Naturalism - Theology
Atheistic, agnostic, or anti-theistic. The supernatural does not exist, we cannot know if it exists, or the belief in the supernatural is harmful to society
Naturalism - Epistemology
Knowledge comes through the reason and senses, emotions, or personal experience, without divine influence or help.
Naturalism - Anthropology
Humans are a collection of matter and energy, arrived at by evolutionary processes, no different than the rest of the Universe. We are driven by survival.
Naturalism - Ethics
Ethics determined by utilitarianism, hedonism, relativism, existentialism, nihilism, situational ethics, or Darwinian Principles (survival of the fittest)
Islam - Metaphysics
Both supernatural and natural are real. Allah created the physical universe.
Islam - Theology
Unitarian Theism: God is one. God (Allah) is the creator of the Universe and the supreme Judge of all things.
Islam - Epistemology
Knowledge originates from and is revealed by God. While for the Muslim reason is important, the Qur’an is the ultimate, unadulterated source of all truth.
Islam - Anthropology
Humans are made as slaves of God. Man is not born in sin but influenced by his environment and has a free-will response of disobedience or obedience to the five pillars of Allah
Islam - Ethics
Ethics determined by the law established by Allah in the Qur’an and Hadith.
Cosmic Humanism - Metaphysics
Non-naturalism: no difference between the natural and the supernatural. All is energy or spirit
Cosmic Humanism - Theology
Pantheism. All is god and god is all. Humanities goal is to become one with universal energy or spirit
Cosmic Humanism - Epistemology
Knowledge is spiritual and is obtained by turning to the god-force within or in a transcendant dimension. There is no objective truth but only feeling
Cosmic Humanism - Anthropology
Humans are a conscious spirit/energy force, able to access and channel energy or spirit. Humanity is driven by a desire to achieve higher consciousness in the New Age or Nirvana.
Cosmic Humanism - Ethics
Ethics are relative to the individual based upon feeling. Any harmful behavior will revisit one in this life or the next due to “karma”
Postmodernism - Metaphysics
The universe is undiscoverable, whether by science, reason, or religion. It is meaningless.
Postmodernism - Theology
God’s existence is irrelevant and unknowable. Definite belief in God is oppressive.
Postmodernism - Epistemology
Objective knowledge can’t be obtained, only biased perceptions. All truth claims are suspect.
Postmodernism - Anthropology
The notion of “humanity” is a social construct intended to control, manipulate and oppress people. We are driven by a desire for power.
Postmodernism - Ethics
Ethics are fabricated by one’s social group and context. Ethical frameworks are relative and used to oppress and manipulate.
