Fisher Supreme Court Flashcards
Marbury v Madison
1803 - 1st time Sc declared a federal action unconstitutional. Established SC’s power of judicial review.
Brown v Board of Education
1954 - Separate schools for black and white students unconstitutional. Overturned Plessy v Ferguson
National federation of Independent Business Vs Sebelius
2012 - Upheld most of Obama Care incl. individual mandate. Struck down provision that states would loose all Medicaid funding if they failed to expand it.
Bush v Gore
2000 - Ruled Florida’s recount after 2000 presidential election was unconstitutional under the equal protection cause of the 14th Amendment.
US vs Arizona
2012 - Struck down provisions of Arizona law requiring police to check immigration status of anyone if they had ‘reasonable suspicion’.
Rasul v Bush
Foreign detainees held at Guantanamo Bay did have access to US federal courts to challenge their detention.
Hamdan V Rumsfeld
Military commissions set up by Bush to try and hold people at Guan bay rules unconstitutional.
Boumediene v Bush
2008 - Procedures set up by Bush administration & Congress following Hamdan decision were inadequate to ensure detainees received their day in court.
National Labor Relations Board v Noel Canning
2014 - President lacked constitutional authority to make high-level executive branch appointments when Senate technically available to give advice & consent.
United States v Texas
2016 - Obama’s executive order Deferred Action for Parents of Americans & Lawful Permanent Residents (DAPA) unconstitutional as it breached clause of Article 2 of the Constitution that required president to ‘take care the laws be faithfully executed’.
United States v Windsor
2013
Defense of Marriage Act (1996), which stated marriage between one man & one women, unconstitutional, as it denied federal benefits to married same-sex couples that were available to other married couples.
Obergefell v Hodges
2015
State bans on same-sex marriage violated 14th Amendment, which forbids states from denying equal protection of laws within the state
Shelby v Holder
2013
Struck down provision of Voting Rights Act (1965) that certain southern states must obtain preclearance from Justice Department before any changes to their voting laws.
Gonzales v Raich
2005
Ruled federal govt could ban growth of marijuana under commerce clause. Case arose after 2002 California legalised use of medical marijuana, even though it is illegal under federal law.
Roe v Wade
1973
Women had right to abortion under 14th Amendment right of ‘liberty’.
Gonzales v Carhart
2007
Upheld Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act of 2003, which banned procedure used in small number of later abortions, crushing skull of foetus.