first test of year 7 Flashcards
organisms
things that have all the characteristics of life
cell
smallest unit of life
unicellular
living things that are made of only one cell
multicellular
living things that are made up of two or more cells
homeostasis
an organism’s ability to maintain steady internal conditions when outside conditions change
binomial nomenclature
gives each organism a two word specific name
species
a group of organisms that have similar traits and are able to produce fertile offspring
genus
group of similar species
dichotomous key
a series of descriptions arranged in pairs that leads you to the identification of an unknown organism
cladogram
a branched diagram that shows relationships among organisms, including common ancestors
light microscope
uses light and lenses to enlarge an image of an object
compound microscope
a light microscope that uses more than one lens to magnify an object
electron microscope
uses a magnetic field to focus a beam of electrons through an object or onto an object’s surface
What characteristics do all living things share?
All living things have cells, can grow and develop, reproduce, respond to stimuli, maintain homeostasis, organization, and use energy.
cells- smallest unit of life and unicellular/multicellular
grow and develop- increase in size and as cell grows bigger
reproduce- organism makes another asexual- one parent sexual- two
respond to stimuli- reacting to changes- internal such as hungry- external such as getting tan
maintain homeostasis- able to maintain steady internal conditions when something changes
use energy- everything you do use energy
organization- all livings have structures that have specific functions
Why are things classified?
We classify things because it makes it easier to study different organisms. It also helps us understand and classify new organisms.
What is the classification system for all living things?
The classification system for all living things is
kingdom-
Phylum-
class-
Order-
Family-
Genus-
species.
Why does every species have a scientific name? What is this system called?
The scientific naming system is called binomial nomenclature, and we have scientific naming because it is an universal naming system and it makes it easier to communicate worldwide.
What are the two classification tools used in classifying organisms? How are they used?
Dichotomous keys and cladograms are used to classify organisms. Pg. 22-23 for examples
dichotomous keys- descriptions that lead scientists to identification of unknown organism
cladogram- branched diagram that shows the relationships between organisms, including common ancestors
How did microscopes change our ideas about living things?
Microscopes changed our ideas about living things because we can observe things more accurately and from a closer view. We can understand microscopic organisms and small things better because we can actually see and study them.
What are the two types of microscopes?
How are they different?
The two types of microscopes are light microscopes and electron microscopes. They are different because light microscopes use lenses and light to enlarge an image, and electron microscopes use a magnetic field and produce 3d images.
How are microscopes used?
Microscopes are used to enlarge images and see things closer. Today, we use microscopes in healthcare and crime labs, and jewelers and paleontologists use them as well.
