Chapter 4 Flashcards
How are rocks classified?
Rocks are classified by texture and composition.
What is the rock cycle? Know and understand it!
The series of processes that change one type of rock into another type of rock
How do igneous rocks form?
Igneous rocks form from melting and cooling.
What are the two types of igneous rocks? Be able to describe them.
The two types of igneous rocks are extrusive and intrusive. Extrusive rocks form when lava cools quickly, and they have no or very small crystals. Intrusive rocks have large crystals that form when magma cools slowly.
How do sedimentary rocks form?
Rocks weather and erode, and then the sediment compacts and cements together.
What are the three types of sedimentary rocks? What are their characteristics?
The three types of sedimentary rocks are clastic, chemical, and biochemical. Clastic rocks have clasts and different sized grains that are cemented together, biochemical rocks came from living organisms, and chemical rocks formed from minerals that were dissolved in water.
How do metamorphic rocks form?
Metamorphic rocks form from heat and pressure.
What is the difference between foliated and nonfoliated rocks?
Foliated rocks have layers, and nonfoliated rocks do not have layers.
What is the difference between contact and regional metamorphism?
Contact metamorphism is when magma comes into contact with another rock. Regional metamorphism is when a large chunk of rock comes into experience with extreme heat and pressure.
