First Oral(?) Exam Flashcards
1st Layer of the atmosphere, with a vertical distance of 0-10km
Troposphere
2nd layer of the atmosphere, ranging from 10-30km
Stratosphere
3rd layer of the atmosphere, ranging from 30-50km high
Mesosphere
4th layer of the atmosphere, ranging from 50-400km high
Thermosphere
5th layer of the atmosphere that extends from 400km and beyond
Exosphere
The term aerodynamics is derived from the combination of two Greek words: “____,” meaning air, and “___,” meaning
force of power.
-Aero
-Dyne
It is usually defined as the force exerted against the earth’s surface by the weight of the air above that surface.
Atmospheric Pressure
Atmospheric pressure is measured with an instrument called a __________, composed of mercury in a tube that records atmospheric pressure in inches of mercury
Barometer
A ______ is a SI metric unit that expresses force in Newtons per square meter.
Pascal
1 atm (atmosphere) is equal to how much PSI (Pounds Per Square Inch)
14.7 PSI
14.7 PSI is equal to how much Hg (inches of mercury)
29.92 in Hg
29.92 in Hg is equal to how much hPa (newtons per square meters)
1013.2 hPa
1013.2 hPa is equal to how much milliburs
1013.2 mb (milliburs)
1013.2 mb is equal to how much in millimeters of mercury
760mm Hg
Atmospheric pressure decreases with increasing _______.
altitude
Newton’s 1st Law
It is the law of inertia. It simply states that a body at rest does not move unless force is applied to it.
Newton’s 2nd Law
It states that if a body moving with uniform speed is acted upon by an external force, the change of motion is proportional to the amount of the force, and motion takes place in the direction in which the force acts.
Newton’s 3rd Law
It is the law of action and reaction. This law states that for every action (force) there is an equal and opposite reaction (force).
The two types of Airfoil
Symmetrical and Asymmetrical
Bernoulli’s principle
states that when a fluid (air) flowing through a tube reaches a constriction, or narrowing, of the tube, the speed of the fluid flowing through that constriction increases and its pressure decreases.
An ______ is a surface designed to obtain lift from the air through which it moves.
airfoil
The difference in pressure between the upper and lower surfaces of the wing is called ___.
lift
____ ______ refers to airflow that is flowing in a consistent smooth stream.
Laminar airflow
____ is the rate of motion in a particular direction in relation to time.
velocity
_____ is the rate of motion in relation to time
Speed
The upper boundary of the troposphere is the ____. It is characterized as a zone of
relatively constant temperature of –57 °C or –69 °F.
tropopause
Heavier-than-air aircraft, deriving lift from dynamic motion through the air
Aerodyne
An ______ (from Ancient Greek ἀήρ (aḗr) ‘air’ and στατός (statós) ‘standing’, via French) is a lighter-than-air aircraft that gains its lift through the use of a buoyant gas
aerostat
______ means the upward movement of air just before the leading edge of the wing
Upwash
A corresponding ______, downward movement of air occurs at the trailing edge.
Downwash
It is the angle at which the chord of an aircraft’s wing meets the relative wind.
Angle of Attack/ AoA
______ is the amount of water vapor in the air.
Humidity
______ is the weight of water vapor in a unit volume of air.
Absolute humidity
_____ ______ is the ratio, in
percent, of the moisture actually in the air to the moisture it would hold if it were saturated at the same temperature
and pressure.
Relative humidity
