First layer of muscles in the sole of the foot

Question 1

Abductor hallucis

Answer 1

Origin:

• Medial process of calciteal tuberosity

Insertion:

• Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of big toe

Innervation:

• Medial plantar nerve form the tibial nerve (S1, S2, S3)

Function:

• Abducts and flexes great toe at metatarsophalangeal joint

Question 2

Flexor digitorum brevis

Answer 2

Origin:

• Medial process of calcaneal tuberosity and plantar aponeurosis

Insertion:

• Sides of plantar surface of middle phalanges of lateral four toes

Innervation:

• Medial plantar nerve from the tibial nerve (S1, S2, S3)

Function:

• Flexes lateral four toes at proximal interphalangeal joint

Question 3

Abductor digiti minimi

Answer 3

Origin:

• Lateral and medial processes of calcaneal tuberosity, and band of connective tissue connective calcaneus with base of metatarsal V

Insertion:

• Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of little toe

Innervation:

• Lateral plantar nerve form the tibial nerve (S2, S2, S3)

Function:

• Abducts little toe at the metatarsophalangeal joint