First Grading Flashcards

1
Q

required for preparation of any primary standard.

A

Analytical balances

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2
Q

Single pan enclosed by sliding transparent doors.

A

Analytical balances

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3
Q

Uses an electromagnetic force to
counterbalance the weighed sample’s sample.

A

Electronic balances

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4
Q

Consists of a head or rotor, carriers, or shields that are attached to the vertical shaft of a motor or air compressor and enclosed in a metal covering

A

Clinical centrifuge

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5
Q

process in which centrifugal force is used to separate solid matter from a liquid suspension; also separate two liquid phases of different densities.

A

Centrifugation

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6
Q

RCF in grams=

A

1.118 x 10-5 x r x (rpm)2 ; or use nomogram

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7
Q

RPM =

A

tachometer or strobe light TYPES: 1.

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8
Q

tubes placed in the cups of the rotor assume a horizontal plane when the rotor is in motion and vertical position when at rest.

A

Horizontal-head or swinging-bucket centrifuge

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9
Q

During centrifugation, particles travel in a constant manner along the tube while the tube is at right angle to the shaft of the centrifuge.

A

Horizontal-head or swinging-bucket centrifug

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10
Q

Angle-head or fixed angle centrifuge
Tubes are held at a fixed angle from

A

25-40 degrees to the vertical axis of rotation.

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11
Q

Particles are driven outside and bottom of the tube and the surface of the sediment packs against the side and bottom of the tube and the surface of the sediment is parallel to the shaft of the centrifuge.

A

Angle-head or fixed angle centrifuge

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12
Q
  • High-speed centrifuge; mainly fixed angle rotorsq
  • requires a refrigerated chamber
A

Ultracentrifuge

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13
Q

circulating or noncirculating.

A

Water bath

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14
Q

Water bath maintenance

A

Type II (or Type I)
water

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15
Q

MEASURING DEVICES: PIPETS

A

Classification According to Graduations
Graduated or Measuring Pipets
C. “Blow Out”
D. “Between Two Marks”

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16
Q

Transfer pipets

A

Volumetric pipets
Ostwald-folin pipet
Pasteur pipet
Automatic pipet

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17
Q

used to transfer aqueous solutions & non-viscous samples self-draining

A

Volumetric pipet

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18
Q

has the greatest degree of accuracy and precision

A

Volumetric pipet

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19
Q

read at the lower meniscus

A

Volumetric pipet

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20
Q

bulb at the center

A

Volumetric pipet

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21
Q

used for biologic fluids having viscosity greater than water; blowout pipet

A

Ostwald folin

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22
Q

read on the upper meniscus
bulb is closer to the delivery tip

A

Ostwald folin

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23
Q

no calibration mark; used to transfer solutions or biologic fluids without consideration of a specific volume

A

Pasteur piper

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24
Q

Graduated or Measuring Pipets

A

Mohr pipet
Serological pipet

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25
Q

calibrated between two marks; deliver between their calibration marks

A

Mohr pipet

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26
Q
  • Tip should NOT touch the receiving vessel
  • self-draining; with smaller orifice
A

Mohr pipet

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27
Q

graduated down to the tip

A

Serological pipet

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28
Q

blow-out pipet; with larger orifice

A

Serological pipet

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29
Q

exact volume is calibrated to fill the volume between two calibration points on the pipet

A

Between Two Marks

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30
Q

Holds the particular volume but
does not dispense the exact
volume

A

To-Contain” (TC)

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31
Q

Requires rinsing calibrated with
mercury usually a micropipette - Volumes are expressed in microliter

A

“To-Contain” (TC)

32
Q

Delivers the exact volume indicated; Calibrated for the volume delivered fluid is allowed to flow freely with the pipet tip touching the inner wall of receiving vessel

A

“To-Deliver” (TD)

33
Q

Safer, less time consuming, precise & convenient

A

Automatic macropipets or micropipets

34
Q

Automatic macropipets or micropipets

THREE GENERAL TYPES :

A

Air dispacement
Positive displacement
Dilutor/dispenser pipet

35
Q

relies on a
piston for suction creation to draw the sample into a disposable tip.

A

Air-displacement:

36
Q

operates by moving the piston in
the tip or barrel.

A

Positive displacement

37
Q

Sample enters directly upon
contact without air interference. - NO need to replace delivery tip

A

Positive displacement

38
Q

obtain the liquid from a common reservoir and dispense it repeatedly; combines sampling & dispensing functions

A

Dilutor/Dispenser pipets

39
Q

CALIBRATION methods

A

Gravimetric
Spectrophotometric

40
Q

has a round, lower portion with with a flat bottom and a long, thin neck with an etched calibrated line.

A

Volumetric Flask

41
Q

For preparation of standards for quantitative procedures.

A

Volumetric Flask

42
Q

cylindrical shaped calibrated plastic or glass containers.

A

Centrifuge Tube

43
Q

Cuvets

A
  • 13mm x 100mm
  • Constant light path: 1 cm distance
44
Q

Cuvets
TYPES as to COMPOSITION: Contain acidic solutions

A

Soft

45
Q

Cuvets
TYPES as to COMPOSITION:
Alkaline solutions

A

Hard

46
Q

TYPES as to WAVELENGTH SETTINGS

GLASS

A

wide-range settings
(300–700nmor380–700nm)

47
Q

TYPES as to WAVELENGTH SETTING QUARTZ

A

short wavelength
settings (UVR: below 340 nm)

48
Q

TYPES as to SHAPE
Glass

A

Round

49
Q

TYPES as to SHAPE
Square

A

Quartz/plastic

50
Q

transfer of smaller volumes (<500ul) in blood gas analyis or separation techniques (chromatography, electrophoresis).

A

SYRINGES

51
Q

SPECIAL GLASSWARES:

A

Colored and Opal Glasses
Coated Glass
Optical Glass
Glass Ceramics
Radiation-Absorbing Glass

52
Q

has a thin, metallic oxide permanently fire-bonded to its surface; can conduct electricity

A

Coated Glass

53
Q

has metallic oxides; used for
filters and light bulbs

A

Colored and Opal Glasses

54
Q

made of soda lime, lead and borosilicate

A

Optical Glass

55
Q

has a high optical activity; prisms, lenses and optical mirrors

A

Optical Glass

56
Q

with high thermal resistance, chemical stability and corrosion resistance

A

Glass Ceramics

57
Q

Glass Ceramics are used for

A

hot plates, table tops and heat exchangers

58
Q

made of soda lime and lead

A

Radiation-Absorbing Glass

59
Q

Clear and rigid; not autoclavable

A

POLYSTYRENE (PS)

60
Q

Used for disposable wares

A

POLYSTYRENE (PS)
Polyethylene

61
Q

Not recommended for use with
acids, aldehydes, ketones, ethers,
hydrocarbons or essential oils.

A

POLYSTYRENE (PS)

62
Q

Chemically resistant to most substances except for aldehydes, amines, ethers, hydrocarbons and essential oils

A

POLYETHYLENE

63
Q

translucent and flexible; not autoclavable

A

Conventional Polyethylene (CPE):

64
Q

Translucent and rigid; autoclavable;

A

POLYPROPYLENE (PP)

65
Q

Has the same chemical resistant as polyethylene

A

POLYPROPYLENE (PP)

66
Q

Used for screw-cap closures

A

POLYPROPYLENE (PP)

67
Q

Resin that has excellent chemical resistance to almost all chemicals in the lab.

A

Teflon

68
Q

Clear, translucent and flexible; autoclavable

A

TEFLON

69
Q

Used for stopcocks, wash bottles and tubings

A

Teflon

70
Q

Translucent and flexible; autoclavable

A

Tygon

71
Q

used for tubings

A

TYGON

72
Q

Very susceptible to damage by most chemicals.

A

POLYCARBONATE (PC)

73
Q

Resistant to water, aqueous salts and inorganic acids for a long period.

A

POLYCARBONATE (PC)

74
Q

Very clear and rigid; autoclavable

A

POLYCARBONATE (PC

75
Q

Used for most bottles and tubings

A

POLYVINYL chloride (PVC)

76
Q

Used for carboys, test tube racks

A

POLYCARBONATE (PC)