First Exam Flashcards
An arrangement that allows two or more individuals to split a traditional 40-hour-a-week job is called
job sharing
centralized is
standarized
decentralized is
allowing the bussiness sectors to come up with their own strategies
matrix model is
mixing centralized and decentralized
BASF lecture?
job design, jobs were being changed, focusing on strength
What describes an employees KSAOs? What is KSAOs?
Human Capital, which is owned by employees; Knowledge, Skills, Abilities, Other attributes
Planned elimination of jobs is…
Downsizing
Outsourcing is…
Hiring someone outside the company to perform business processes that were previously done within firm
——– this involves shifting work to locations abroad
Offshoring or Global Sourcing
What are Knowledge workers?
Workers whose responsibilities extend beyond physical execution of work include planning, decesion-making and problem-solving
————– computerized system that provides current and accurate data for purposes of control and decision making
Human Resources Information System
What is nearshoring?
When a firm relocates jobs abroad to nations closer to its domestic market
This occurs when a firm relocates jobs abroad back to its domestic market…
Homeshoring
What is furloughing?
A situation where an organization ask/demands employees to take time off with reduced pay or no pay
———— process of dismissing employees who are then hired by a leasing company and contracting with that company to lease back employees
Employee leasing
What is Employee engagement?
The extend to which employees are enthused about their work and committed to it
Non HR managers who are responsible for overseeing the work of other employees…
Line managers
What is Human Resource Management?
The process of manging human captial to achieve an organization’s objectives; HR is there to facilitate organization goals
What is “anything company owns”?
Physical Capital
What is Retention?
who to keep for the job
HR specialist deal with what types of management?
Performance and Compensation
What is Efficiency?
Cut cost or increase productivity
What is the HRM function that is all contained at headquarters and uses the same strategy for all parts of the company?
Centralized HRM
What HRM embeds different practice into each business unit and makes it more person?
Decentralized HRM
What HRM makes “someone else do it”?
Outsourced HRM
What is a mix of HRMs?
Matrix HRM
What influences on the structure of the HRM function?
Globalization, Business strategy, technology
What are Centers of Expertise?
Means different stores are experts in different thing
What is Embedded HR?
To make something more efficient
What is Corporate HR?
Training and development that pushes corporate objective; oversees Embedded and centers of expertise . If they can’t solve the problem, company outsourced.
————- procedures making decisions about organization long term strategies and goals
Strategic planning
———— process of anticipating and providing for the movement of people into, within, and out of an organization
Human Resource planning
———— pattern of human resources deployment and activities that enable an organization to achieve its strategic goals
Strategic human resources managment
Strategic vision…
where the company is going in the future
HR managers help embody firm’s mission thru….
communicating them frequently, recruiting employees whose values are consistent with organization, translating mission into specific on the job behaviors
Environmental scanning is….
systematic monitoring of the major external forces influencing the organization
What is a business environment?
external factors in general environment that a firm cannot directly control but that can affect its strategy
What are forces that generally affect most firms such as the economy and technological, demographic, and legal regulatory changes..?
Remote environment
A competitive environment is…
consists of firms specific industry, including the industries customers, rival firms, new entrants, substitutes (biggest threat), and suppliers.
What are abilities that distinguish an organization from its competitors and create value to customers?
Core capabilities-processes (standard routine for how work should be done), systems, people
What is value creation?
value= benefits - costs
Company can sustain a comparative advantage through people if….
resources are valuable, rare, difficult to imitate, organized
What is culture audit?
audits of the culture and quality of work life in an organization
Business strategy is….
a plan that outlines an organization’s objective scope, and approach to achieving a sustainable competitive advantage
What is the differentiation approach?
produce a product that is seen as superior or different and usually charged a higher price to offset added costs
What is Cost Leadership approach?
produces a product that is cheaper than alternatives and ensures product quality is similiar to alternatives to maintain high price; lower prices doesn’t mean this; keeps price average
What are the “Five Forces” Model of Value creation?
- Bargaining Power of Suppliers
- Bargaining Power of Customers
- Threat of New Competitors
- Threat of Existing Competitors
- Threat of Substitute Products
If we are human capital we can….
make a union to increase bargaining power
What is the “Resource-Based” Model of Value Creation?
- Valuable
- Rare
- Inimitable
- Organized
What is SWOT analysis?
strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats
What is BASF doing?
changing HR model to Kate Kessler model
HRM vs HRM Strategy?
HRM strategy is a pattern of human resource deployements…to ahcieve its strategic goals while HRM is the process of managing human capital to achieve an organization’s goals.
Performance is…
Ability, Motivation, Opportunity
What is Inimitable?
impossible to copy
Inimitable resources stem from…
- Small decisions
- and/or Historical Dependence
- and/or Social complexity
Why do company encourage employees to buy stock?
Because then their fate is tied with the company and they’ll do what they can to make it succeed
Job analysis is…
collecting information about all the parameters of a jobs (behaviors, skills, physical, and mental requirements) and outlines the equipment needed.
Job descriptions…
statement of tasks, duties, and responsibilities
Job specification…
statement of specific KSAOs or human capital
KSAOs
K-refers to what you know S-things you have learned to do A-inate aptitude, don’t have to be taught O-refer to personality, values, etc.
Job family…
bunch of jobs that are pretty similar
Workflow analysis is…
how work is done
A job analysis approach that uses an inventory of the various types of work activities that can constitute any job …
Functional job analysis
Position Analysis Questionnaire is …
A questionnaire that identifies approx. 200 different tasks
Job design….
the process of improving jobs through technological and human considerations in order to enhance efficiency, safety, motivation, job satisfaction, and performance; is proactive
What does the Relational Architecture Model say..?
Impact on Beneficiaries or Contact with beneficiaries effects the perceived impact and social worth and thus –> Motivation Effort and Persistence is increased.
Critical Incident Method identifies…
critical job task performed by the jobholder that lead to job success, approach can identify pos. and neg. behaviors
What is an org. specific lists of tasks and descriptions called?
Task Inventory Analysis
Competency based approach looks…
at how a work is done not just what work is done
Job description contains 3 parts…
- Job’s title and location–>provides status to employees
- Job identification section
- A job duties section
Job specification section covers 2 areas of qualification…
- skills req. to perform a job
2. physical demand
Job rotation…
process whereby employees rotate in and out of different jobs to avoid physical tasks that can result in heath problems
What is the process of adding a greater variety of tasks to a job?
Job enlargement
What is a Job characteristics model?
job design theory that proposes 3 psychological states:
- experiences meaningfulness of work performed
- experiences responsibility for work outcomes
- has knowledge of work results
What is ergonomics?
process of studying and designing equipment and systems that are easy and efficient for employees to use that aren’t physically demanding
What is the study of work to determine which element of work can be rearranged or eliminated to reduce time?
Industrial engineering
What is job crafting…
naturally occurring phenomenon whereby employees mold their tasks to fit their individual strengths, passions, and motives better
What is dejobbing?
structuring organizations around projects that are constantly changing
What is flextime?
allows employees to choose their starting and quitting times
What is jobsharing?
where two part-time employees share a job that otherwise would be held by one-full time employee
Telecommuting…
uses of smartphones, tablets, personal computers, and other communications technology to do work traditionally done in the work place; work at home
Managers focus on…
forecasting the demand and supply of labor and balancing supply and demand considerations
What is the quantitative approach to forecasting labor demand based on an organizational index such as sale?
Trend analysis
Synergy?
when interaction and outcome of team members is greater than the sum of their individual efforts
What are graphic representations of all org. jobs, along with # of the employees currently occupying those jobs and future emoployement req.?
Staffing tables
Markov analysis…
method for tracking the pattern of employee movements through various jobs, shows who stayed at the job and who’s promoted and who leaves
Quality of fill?
a metric designed to measure how well new hires that FILL positions are performing on the job
Skill inventories?
files of personnel edu, experience, interests, skills, etc
Listings of current jobholders and people who are potential replacements..?
Replacement charts
What is the process of identifying developing and tracking key individuals for executive positions?
succession planing
Human capital readiness?
process of evaluating availability of critical talent in a company
What is the Headcount planning process?
Forecast Labor Availabilities and Requirements —> Determine surplus/shortages—-> Address surplus/shortages
What is Human resource management analytics?
the use of measurement and analysis techniques to understand, improve, and optimize the management of human capital
What is Natural Attribution?
people leaving on their own
What is buyout?
company paying people to leave or find a new job
Why do organizations turn to layoffs?
economic emergency, access to labor substitutes, shifting strategic objective
ROA
Return on Assets (profits/total assets)
Is shared work different than job sharing?
Yes. Shared Work is actually a gov’t program. Better alternative to furlough
A group staffed with a mix of employees from org.’s marketing, production, engineering, etc. to accomplish a specific goal
Cross-functional team
A group formed specifically to design a new project or service; disbands after project is done
Project team
A group of employees who have skills that quite valuable to a company BUT NOT particularly unique or difficult to replace…
Core employees
A group of workers who have skills that are less critical to creating customer value and generally available in labor market; help other workers….
Supporting workers
A group of individuals who have skills that are unique and specialized but frequently not related to company or core strategy…
external partners
A group of employees who tend to have unique skills directly linked to company’s strategy; they are difficult to replace
Strategic knowledge workers
A group of highly trained individuals performing a set of interdependence job tasks within a natural work….
Self-directed team
A group formed by management to immediately resolve a major problem…
Task-force team
A group made up of experienced people from different departments; charged with incr quality
Process Improvement team
Teams that utilize telecommunication technology…
virtual teams
Job analysis is considered foundational because…
The info it collects supports many HRM functions
How is BASF redesigning the job of its HR Business Partners who are called Strategic HR business Advisors and Strategic HR Manufacturing Advisors?
Tasks that provide direct support to the business unit strategy will be emphasized and to leaders. Tasks that provide direct support to lower level managers and their employees will be deemphasized
