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NCO Board Study Guide > First Aid TC 4.02-1, STP 21-1 and FM 4-25.11 & STP 21-24 > Flashcards

First Aid TC 4.02-1, STP 21-1 and FM 4-25.11 & STP 21-24 Flashcards

1
Q

What Publication for Skill level 1 First Aid?

A

STP 21-1 Chapter 2

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2
Q

What does the acronym TCCC stand for?

A

Tactical Combat Casualty Care

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3
Q

How many Phases are there for TCCC?

A

Three Phases

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4
Q

What are the Phases of TCCC?

A
  1. Care Under Fire
  2. Tactical Field Care
  3. Combat Casualty Evacuation Care
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5
Q

Explain Phase 1 Care Under Fire?

A

you are under hostile fire and are very limited as to the care you can provide (Stop Exsanguination)

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6
Q

Explain Phase 2 Care “Tactical Field Care?

A

you and the casualty are relatively safe and no longer under effective hostile fire, and you are free to provide casualty care to the best of your ability

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7
Q

Explain Phase 3 Care “Combat Casualty Evacuation Care?

A

the care rendered during casualty evacuation (CASEVAC)

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8
Q

What does the Acronym CASEVAC stand for?

A

Casualty Evacuation in Non Medical Vehicle or Aircraft

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9
Q

When would you not provide First Aid to a Casualty?

A

If rendering Aid will put your life in Danger or if you find a casualty with no signs of life—no pulse, no breathing

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10
Q

In combat, what is the most likely threat to the casualty’s life?

A

From Bleeding (Exsanguination)

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11
Q

During care under fire, what could Attempts to check for airway and breathing do to a Rescuer?

A

Can expose the rescuer to enemy fire

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12
Q

When would you NOT attempt to restore the airway?

A

if you find a casualty with no signs of life—no pulse, no breathing

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13
Q

What is the 1st Step for Care Under Fire?

A

Return fire as directed or required before providing medical treatment

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14
Q

When would you advise the Casualty to “Play Dead”?

A

If the casualty is unable to move and you are unable to move the casualty to cover and the casualty is still under direct enemy fire

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15
Q

What would you do If the casualty is unresponsive?

A

move the casualty, his/her weapon, and mission-essential equipment to cover, as the tactical situation permits

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16
Q

When would you Apply a Tourniquet?

A

If the casualty has severe bleeding from a limb or has suffered amputation of a limb, administer life-saving hemorrhage control and before moving the casualty

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17
Q

When would you Perform tactical field care?

A

when no longer under direct enemy fire or situations in which an injury has occurred during the mission but there has been no hostile fire

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18
Q

During Tactical Field Care what medical equipment is?

A

Available medical equipment is limited to that carried into the field by the individual Soldier

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19
Q

When evaluating and/or treating a casualty, when would you seek medical aid?

A

as soon as possible. Do NOT stop treatment. If the situation allows, send another person to find medical aid.

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20
Q

When would you stop a medical evaluation?

A

If there are any signs of nerve agent poisoning, stop the evaluation, take the necessary protective measures, and begin first aid.

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21
Q

How do you Determine the Levels of consciousness?

A

AVPU: A = Alert; V = responds to Voice; P = responds to Pain; U = Unresponsive

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22
Q

What should you do if the Casualty is being burned?

A

take steps to remove the casualty from the source of the burns before continuing evaluation and treatment

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23
Q

How do you check a casualty’s response to pain?

A

rub the breastbone briskly with a knuckle or squeeze the first or second toe over the toenail

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24
Q

What do you do If the casualty is conscious but is choking and cannot talk?

A

stop the evaluation and begin treatment.

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25
Q

When would you insert a nasopharyngeal airway?

A

If the casualty is breathing

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26
Q

After inserting a nasopharyngeal airway how would you place the casualty?

A

place the casualty in the recovery position

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27
Q

What could attempting cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on casualties with inevitably fatal injuries on the Battlefield result in?

A

may result in additional lives lost as care is diverted from casualties with less severe injuries

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28
Q

What are the Situations that CPR on the Battlefield should be considered for?

A

Only in the case of nontraumatic disorders such as hypothermia, near drowning, or electrocution should CPR be considered prior to the CASEVAC phase

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29
Q

What does CPR Stand for?

A

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

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30
Q

What could Converting the tourniquet to a pressure dressing save on the Casualty?

A

Converting to a pressure dressing may save the Casualty’s Limb

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31
Q

Who should be issued a combat pill pack before deploying on tactical missions?

A

Each Soldier

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32
Q

What does FMC stand for?

A

Field Medical Card

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33
Q

Who should initiate a FMC?

A

The FMC is usually initiated by the combat medic. However, a certified combat lifesaver can initiate the FMC if a combat medic is not available or if the combat medic directs the combat lifesaver to initiate the card

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34
Q

What is the Job of A Soldier accompanying an unconscious casualty during CASEVAC?

A

A Soldier accompanying an unconscious casualty should monitor the casualty’s airway, breathing, and bleeding

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35
Q

What are the signs of a severe airway obstruction?

A

poor air exchange and increased breathing difficulty, a silent cough, cyanosis, or inability to speak or breathe

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36
Q

What is the “One” Question you can ask a Casualty you suspect is Choking?

A

“Are you choking?”

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37
Q

What should you do if the casualty Nods Yes to the Question “Are you choking?”?

A

Render Aid for Conscious Casualty Choking

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38
Q

Can you slap a choking casualty on the back?

A

NO

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39
Q

What could slapping a choking casualty on the back do?

A

This may cause the object to go down the airway instead of out.

40
Q

When should Abdominal thrusts not be used?

A

if the victim is in the advanced stages of pregnancy, is very obese, or has a significant abdominal wound

41
Q

Can Clearing a conscious casualty’s airway obstruction be done sitting or standing?

A

Either Standing or Sitting

42
Q

What should happen if a conscious casualty becomes unconscious while attempting to clear an obstruction?

A

lay him/her down and then start mouth-to-mouth resuscitation procedures

43
Q

What are the 9 signs and symptoms of shock?

A
  1. Sweaty but cool skin.
  2. Pale skin.
  3. Restlessness or nervousness.
  4. Thirst.
  5. Severe bleeding.
  6. Confusion.
  7. Rapid breathing.
  8. Blotchy blue skin.
  9. Nausea and/or vomiting.
44
Q

What position should a casualty be placed in to treat for shock?

A

Lay the casualty on his/her back unless a sitting position will allow the casualty to breathe easier

45
Q

When would you not elevate the casualty’s legs?

A

If the casualty has an unsplinted fractured leg, an abdominal wound, or a head or spinal injury

46
Q

What do you need to start if the casualty is in hypovolemic shock from combat injuries?

A

you may need to establish a saline lock and start an intravenous infusion. A saline lock should be initiated any time the casualty has suffered a severe loss of blood. If the casualty has an abnormal level of consciousness or no palpable radial (wrist) pulse on an uninjured arm, convert the saline lock to an intravenous infusion

47
Q

When would you NOT loosen clothing?

A

In a Chemical Environment

48
Q

What does Immobilizing the limb reduce?

A

Immobilizing the limb reduces muscular activity helping to stop bleeding and reduce pain

49
Q

What should you do if you must leave the casualty?

A

his/her head to the side to prevent choking if vomiting occurs. Recovery Position

50
Q

What is the First Step for treating any type of Burn?

A

Eliminate the source of the burn

51
Q

What type of materials may melt and cause further injury?

A

Synthetic materials, such as nylon

52
Q

What could High voltage electrical burns from an electrical source or lightning cause?

A

may cause temporary unconsciousness, difficulties in breathing, or difficulties with the heart (irregular heartbeat).

53
Q

What are Blisters caused by a blister agent?

A

Blisters caused by a blister agent are actually burns.

54
Q

Would you decontaminate skin where blisters have already formed?

A

NO; Do not try to decontaminate skin where blisters have already formed.

55
Q

What should you do to clothing that is stuck to the wound?

A

Do NOT attempt to remove clothing that is stuck to the wound. Additional harm could result.

56
Q

If the burn is caused by white phosphorus what should the bandage be?

A

Wet

57
Q

What is significant about Electrical Burns?

A

Electricity often leaves entry and exit burns.

58
Q

When can you give the Casualty small amounts of water to drink when treating burns?

A

If the casualty is conscious and not nauseated

59
Q

How many different types of Burns are there?

A

4

60
Q

What are the 4 Different Types of Burns?

A
  1. Thermal Burns
  2. Electrical Burns
  3. Chemical Burns
  4. Laser Burns
61
Q

What is the First Step to treating a Casualty for a Heat Injury?

A

Identify the Type of Heat Injury

62
Q

What are symptoms for Heat Cramps?

A

(1) Cramping in the extremities (arms and legs).
(2) Abdominal (stomach) cramps.
(3) Excessive sweating.

63
Q

What are the symptoms for Heat exhaustion?

A

(1) Profuse sweating with pale, moist, cool skin.
(2) Headache.
(3) Weakness.
(4) Dizziness.
(5) Loss of appetite.
(6) Cramping.
(7) Nausea (with or without vomiting).
(8) Urge to defecate.
(9) Chills (gooseflesh).
(10) Rapid breathing.
(11) Tingling of the hands and/or feet.
(12) Confusion (not answering easy questions correctly).

64
Q

What are the symptoms for Heatstroke?

A

(1) Red (flushed), hot, dry skin.
(2) Weakness.
(3) Dizziness.
(4) Confusion.
(5) Headache.
(6) Seizures.
(7) Nausea.
(8) Stomach pains or cramps.
(9) Respiration and pulse may be rapid and weak.
(10) Unconsciousness and collapse may occur suddenly.

65
Q

What are Iced Sheets?

A

Sheets soaked in cold/icy water and placed directly onto the skin of the casualty will lower body temperature rapidly

66
Q

Which heat casualty is a medical emergency that may result in death if treatment is Delayed?

A

Heatstroke

67
Q

Where are the items needed to start a saline lock and/or IV infusion?

A

They are not a part of the individual first aid kit. They are components of a combat lifesaver aid bag or a combat medic aid bag

68
Q

Where are the preferred sites for the saline lock and IV?

A

the veins in the crook of the elbow because they are among the largest, most visible, and accessible veins in the arm

69
Q

What is the next location for a saline lock and IV?

A

the back of the hand, the foot or a vein on the leg

70
Q

What is The purpose of the constricting band?

A

to stop the blood in the vein from flowing back to the heart causing the vein to enlarge and become easier to locate. The constricting band should not be applied so tight that arterial blood flow stops

71
Q

What is the maximum time you can have the constricting band in place for?

A

No more than 2 minutes

72
Q

How should you apply a constricting band?

A

about 2 inches above the selected infusion (venipuncture) site in such a manner that the band can be released using only one hand.

73
Q

What can be used to prepare the skin for IV needle insertion?

A

Both alcohol or povidone-iodine

74
Q

What is the main reason for wearing gloves when you initiate an IV In battle?

A

Cleanliness

75
Q

What will be felt as the needle enters the vein?

A

A slight “give”

76
Q

How many venipuncture attempts can you make?

A

No more than 2

77
Q

Why should you not attempt to reinsert the needle it into the catheter?

A

Reinsertion could cause a portion of the catheter to be sheared off, enter the bloodstream, and move to the heart where it could cause cardiac arrest

78
Q

What does an occlusive dressing do?

A

An occlusive dressing seals the catheter, at its point of insertion, to the surrounding skin

79
Q

What should you do If an IV is not to be started immediately?

A

you should flush the catheter and examine the site for signs of infiltration

80
Q

What IV Items should you check for if you have a combat lifesaver aid bag prior to going on a Mission?

A

IV solution. If you have any doubt about the sterility of the solution, do not use it. Obtain another bag. Check the bag for—Expiration date. Do not use outdated solutions. Clearness of the fluid. Make sure the fluid is clear and has no floating particles in the solution. Leaks. Discard any leaky bag; the IV solution inside is no longer sterile.IV set. Check the packaging of the IV set for tears and watermarks. Tears and watermarks indicate that the set may no longer be sterile. If possible, check the tubing for tears, discoloration, and cracks. Obtain another IV set if your set has been damaged. Catheter/needle units. Check the packaging of the catheter/needle unit for tears and watermarks. Obtain another catheter/needle unit if yours has been damaged.

81
Q

What can happen if you do not remove the air from the tubing?

A

it can enter the bloodstream and rapidly move to the heart. This can cause the casualty’s heart to stop beating (cardiac arrest)

82
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of infiltration of an IV?

A
  1. Unusual pain felt by the casualty at the infusion site.
  2. Swelling at the infusion site.
  3. Redness at the infusion site.
  4. The site is cool to the touch.
  5. Clear fluid isleaking around the site.
83
Q

How should you roll a casualty onto their back?

A

The casualty should be carefully rolled as a whole, so the body does not twist.

84
Q

What should you do if foreign material or vomit is in the mouth?

A

remove it as quickly as possible

85
Q

What are the two methods used to open an airway?

A

Head-tilt/chin-lift method and Jaw-thrust method.

86
Q

Explain how to perform the Head-tilt/chin-lift method?

A

(1) Kneel at the level of the casualty’s shoulders.
(2) Place one hand on the casualty’s forehead and apply firm, backward pressure with the palm to tilt the head back.
(3) Place the fingertips of the other hand under the bony part of the lower jaw and lift, bringing the chin forward.

87
Q

Explain how to perform the Jaw-thrust method?

A

(1) Kneel above the casualty’s head (looking toward the casualty’s feet).
(2) Rest your elbows on the ground or floor. the jaw, below the ears.
(3) Stabilize the casualty’s head with your forearms.
(4) Use the index fingers to push the angles of the casualty’s lower jaw forward.

88
Q

When do you NOT use the Head-tilt/chin lift method?

A

Do NOT use this method if a spinal or neck injury is suspected.

89
Q

What are things you should avoid when doing the Head-tilt/chin lift method?

A
  1. Do NOT use the thumb to lift.
  2. Do NOT completely close the casualty’s mouth.
  3. Do NOT press deeply into the soft tissue under the chin with the fingers.
90
Q

What is the maximum amount of times you should attempt to use Jaw-thrust method if it does not work?

A

no more than 2 times

91
Q

When should you insert a NPA?

A

If the casualty is unconscious; if respiratory rate is less than 2 in 15 seconds, and/or if the casualty is making snoring or gurgling sounds

92
Q

What nostril are Most NPAs are designed to be placed in?

A

the right Nostril

93
Q

What are the 2 resuscitation breathing methods to assist a casualty that is not breathing?

A

Mouth to mouth and mouth to nose

94
Q

When would you use the Mouth to Nose resuscitation method?

A

because the casualty has jaw injuries or spasms

95
Q

How would you perform the Mouth to Nose resuscitation method?

A

Blow into the nose while holding the lips closed and let air escape by removing your mouth and, in some cases, separating the casualty’s lips

96
Q

How do you check for the Casualties pulse?

A

Use the first two fingers in the groove in the casualty’s throat beside the Adam’s apple on the side closest to you

NCO Board Study Guide (13 decks)

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