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Rheumatology and Vasculitis > First Aid Rheum > Flashcards

First Aid Rheum Flashcards

1
Q

Joint findings in osteoarthritis

A

subchondral cysts, sclerosis, osteophytes, eburnation, Heberden nodes (DIP) and Bouchard notes (PIP)

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2
Q

Joints findings in rheumatoid arthritis

A

Pannus formation (MCP, PIP), subcutaneous rheumatoid nodules (fibrinoid necrosis), ulnar deviation of fingers, subluxation, baker cyst

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3
Q

Classic presentation of osteoarthritis

A

pain in weight-bearing joints after use, improves with rest, bowlegged, non-inflammatory, no systemic symptoms

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4
Q

Classic presentation of rheumatoid arthritis

A

morning stiffness lasting more than 30 minutes, improves with use, symmetric joint involvement, systemic symptoms

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5
Q

treatment of osteoarthritis

A

NSAIDs, intra-articular glucocorticoids

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6
Q

treatment of rheumatoid arthritis

A

NSAIDs, glucocorticoids, disease-modifying agents

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7
Q

disease modifying agents

A

methotrexate, sulfasalazine, TNF-alpha inhibitors

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8
Q

predisposing factors to osteoarthritis

A

age, obesity, joint deformity, trauma

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9
Q

predisposing factors for rheumatoid arthritis

A

female, +RF, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody more specific, HLA-DR4

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10
Q

Findings in Sjogren’s syndrome

A

xerophthalmia (decreased tear production/corneal damage)
xerostomia (decreased saliva production
SS-A (anti-Ro) and SS-B (anti-La) antinuclear antibodies
bilateral parotid enlargement

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11
Q

definition of sjogren’s syndrome

A

autoimmune disorder characterized by destruction of exocrine glands

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12
Q

Treatment of gout

A

Acute: NSAIDs, glucocorticoids, colchicine
Chronic: xanthine oxidase inhibitors (allopurinol, febuxostat)

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13
Q

overproduction of uric acid can be caused by

A

Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, PRPP excess, increased cellular turnover (cancer), von Gierke disease

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14
Q

diseases that may be associated with pseudogout

A

hemochromatosis, hyperparthyroidism, hypoparathyroidism

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15
Q

treatment of pseudogout

A

NSAIDs for sudden severe attacks; steroids; and colchicine

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16
Q

common causes of infectious arthritis

A

S. aureus, Streptococcus, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae

17
Q

Gonococcal arthritis presents as

A

migratory arthritis with an asymmetric pattern

synovitis, tenosynovitis, and dermatitis

18
Q

Seronegative spondyloarthropathies

A 
HLA-B27: more often in males
psoriatic arthritis
ankylosing spondylitis
IBS
Reactive arthritis (Reiter syndrome)
19
Q

findings in psoriatic arthritis

A

asymmetric and patchy involvement, dactylitis (sausage fingers), pencil in cup deformity

20
Q

findings in ankylosing spondylitis

A

stiff spine due to fusion of joints, uveitis, aortic regurgitation, bamboo spine

21
Q

classic triage with reactive arthritis

A

conjunctivitis and anterior uveitis
urethritis
arthritis
“can’t see, can’t pee, can’t bend my knee”

22
Q

classic presentation of SLE

A

rash, joint pain, fever in females of reproductive age and of african descent

23
Q

treatment of SLE

A

NSAIDs, steroids, immunosuppressants, hydroxychloroquine

24
Q

sarcoidosis is characterized by

A

immune-mediated, widespread noncaseating granulomas and elevated serum ACE levels

25
Q

sarcoidosis is associated with

A

restrictive lung disease, erythema nodosum, lupus pernio, bell palsy, epithelioid granulomas containing micrscopic SChaumann and asteroid bodies, uveitis and hypercalcemia

26
Q

treatment of sarcoidosis

A

steroids

27
Q

polymyositis

A

progressive symmetric proximal muscle weakness, characterized by endomysial inflammation with CD8+T cells (most often involves shoulders)

28
Q

dermatomyositis

A

similar to polymyositis but also invovles malar rash, Gotron papules, heliotrope (erythematous periorbital) rash, perimysial inflammation and atropy with CD4+ T cells

29
Q

Lab findings in polymyositis/dermatomyositis

A

increased CK, +ANA, +anti-Jo-1, +anti-SRP, + anti-Mi-2 antibodies

30
Q

treatment of polymyositis/dermatomyositis

A

steroids

31
Q

pathophysiology of myasthenia gravis

A

autoantibodies to postsynaptic ACh receptor

32
Q

Scleroderma

A

excessive fibrosis and collagen deposition throughout the body

33
Q

manifestations of scleroderma

A

sclerosis of skin, manifesting as puffy and taut skin with absence of wrinkles

34
Q

diffuse scleroderma

A

widespread skin involvement, rapid progression, early visceral involvement
anti-Scl-70 antibody (anti-DNA topoisomerase I antibody)

35
Q

limited scleroderma

A 
Calcinosis
Raynaud phenomenon
Esophageal dysmotility
Sclerodactyly
Telangiectasia
(associated with antiCentromere antibody)

Rheumatology and Vasculitis (2 decks)

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