first aid/ medical Flashcards
where can you find first aid/ medical
TC 4-02.1
RFR 3.0
what is the best medicine on the battlefield
fire superiority
actions under RFR
- find all wounds
- treat all life-threatening wounds
- constantly reassess;
A. airway/ breathing (12/20 breaths per min)
B. Circulation: pulse at radial, carotid, femoral.
C. interventions/ treatments
phases of tactical combat casualty care (TCCC)
- care under fire
2.tactical field care - CASEVAC/MEDEVAC
care under fire
a. return fire
b. self-aid buddy aid
c. move casualty to cover/safety
d. stop life-threatening bleeding
e. apply touniquet for major extremity bleeding
tactical field care
A. MARCH (massive hemorrhage/ major life threats), Airway, Respiratory, Circulation, Hypothermia)
B. head to toe, treat os you go survey, if time permits
C. pain/ABX Meds
D. vitals, casualty card
CASEVAC/MEDEVAC
a. Reassess all interventions
b. reassess MARCH
c. Vitals
d. improve airway
e. place casualty on litter, in blanket, and place equipment in casualty kit bag
life threatening wounds (% of preventable deaths on battlefield)
- life threatening exremity bleeding (60%)
- Tension Pneumothorax (33%)
a. mechanism of injury (hole in chest)
b. Increased respiratory difficulty - Airway blockage (7%)
a. tongue/teeth
b. blood
c. vomit
types of bleeding
- Arterial (bright red and spurting, bringing O2 from heart and lungs)
- venous (dark red and flowing; moving towards heart and lungs, no O2)
- Capillary (red and oozing)
categories of CASEVAC/MEDEVAC
- Urgent (<2hrs)
- Priority (<2-4 hrs)
- Routine (<24 hrs)
Triage categories
- Immediate
- Delayed
- Minimal
- Expectant
types of burns
- chemical
- thermal
- electrical (exit wound)
- laser
heat injuries
- heat cramps
- heat exhaustion
- Heat stroke (medical emergency)
cold weather injuries
- Frostbite
- Trench foot
- Hypothermia
- Snow blindness
- chill blains
indication for IV fluids *** must have all bleeding controlled
- altered mental status
- absent radial pulse
- Titrate fluids to achieve radial pulse to prevent overloading casualty with fluids and blowing clots
Vitals
- mental status
- pulse
a. carotid: 60 B/P
b. Femoral: 70 B/P
c. Radial: 80 B/P
d. Pedal: 90 B/P - Respirations
- Blood pressure
Normal Vitals
- Pulse: 60-100 bpm
- Respirations: 12-20 bpm
- B/P
a. 100-140 systolic
b. 60-90 Diastolic
Categories of mental status (AVPU)
- Alert
- Verbal Response
- Pain response
- Unresponsive
symptoms of Shock
- restlessness and anxiety
- weak and rapid pulse
- cool, clammy skin
- profuse sweating
- pale skin color and/or blotchy or blurish skin around the mouth
- shallow, labored, rapid, or irregular breathing or grasping for breath
- dull eyes with dilated pupils
- Excessive thirst
- Nausea or vomiting
- Gradual and steady drop in blood pressure
- mental confusion
- loss of consciousness
Shock treatment
- move casualty to cover if available
- position casualty on their back
- elevate the casualty’s feet higher than the level of his heart. use a stable object so that his feet will not slip off
- Loosen clothing at the neck, waist, or wherever it may be binding
5.prevent chilling or overheating. the key is to maintain body temp. - calm the casualty. throughout the entire procedure of treating and caring for a casualty, the rescuer should reassure the casualty and keep him calm. this can be done by showing slef-confidence. assure the casualty that you are there to help him.
- seek medical aid
- do not serve food/ drink
- if unconscious, turn the casualty’s head to the side
