First Aid

Question 0

What are the four methods of controlling bleeding?

Answer 0

Direct pressure
Elevation
Pressure points
Tourniquet as last resort

Question 1

What are the three objectives of first aid?

Answer 1

Prevent further injury
Infection
Loss of Life

Question 2

What is a pressure point?

Answer 2

A main artery lies near the skin surface and over a bone.

Question 3

What are the 11 pressure points located on each side of the body?

Answer 3

Superficial temporal artery(temple)
Facial artery (jaw)
Common carotid artery ( neck)
Subclavian artery ( collar bone)
Brachial artery ( inner upper arm)
Brachial artery (inner elbow)
Radial/ulnar artery (wrist)
Femoral artery (upper thigh)
Iliac artery (groin)
Popliteal artery (knee)
Anterior/ posterior tibial artery ( ankle)

Question 4

What is a first degree burn?

Answer 4

Produces redness, warmth and mild pain.

Question 5

What is a second degree burn?

Answer 5

Red, blistered skin and severe pain

Question 6

What is a third degree burn?

Answer 6

Destroys tissue, skin and bone in severe cases, severe pain will not be present due to nerve ending damage.

Question 7

What are the two types of fractures?

Answer 7

Closed/simple

Open/compound

Question 8

What is a closed/simple fracture?

Answer 8

A broken bone without a break in the skin

Question 9

What is a open/compound fracture?

Answer 9

A break in a bone that protrudes threw the skin

Question 10

What is electric shock?

Answer 10

When a person comes into contact with an electric energy source

Question 11

What are some injuries acquired from electric shock

Answer 11

Little to no evidence to severe trauma associated with cardiac arrest

Question 12

What is an obstructed airway?

Answer 12

Obstruction in the upper airway.

Question 13

What are indications of an airway obstruction?

Answer 13

Inability to talk
Grasping and pointing to the throat,
Exaggerated breathing
Skin is bluish

Question 14

What are the two types of heat injuries?

Answer 14

Heat exhaustion

Heat stroke

Question 15

What is heat exhaustion?

Answer 15

Disturbance of blood flow to the brain, heart, and lungs.
The skin is cool, moist and clammy
Pupils are dilated
Body temp normal or high
Sweating profusely

Question 16

What is heat stroke?

Answer 16

Break down of sweating mechanism 
Cant eliminate excessive body heat
Hot or dry skin
Uneven pupils
Weak
Rapid pulse

Question 17

What are the three types of cold weather injuries?

Answer 17

Hypothermia
Superficial frostbite
Deep frostbite

Question 18

What is hypothermia?

Answer 18

Cooling of the body caused by exposure to rapid falling temp
Appear pale unconscious may even look dead
Breathing is slow and shallow
Pulse is faint undetectable
Body tissue is semi-rigid

Question 19

What is superficial frostbite?

Answer 19

When ice crystals are forming in the upper skin layers after exposure to a temp of 32 degrees or lower.

Question 20

What is deep frostbite?

Answer 20

Ice crystals are forming in the deeper tissues after exposure to a temp of 32 degrees or lower

Question 21

What is shock?

Answer 21

A life threatening medical condition where the body suffers from insufficient blood flow throughout the body as a result if severe injury or illness.

Question 22

What is Septic Shock?

Answer 22

Results from bacteria multiplying in the blood and releasing toxins.

Common causes of this are pneumonia appendix rupture and meningitis

Question 23

What is anaphylactic shock?

Answer 23

A type of hypersensitivity or allergic reaction
Includes allergy to insect bites
Medicines
Food

Question 24

What is cardiogenic shock?

Answer 24

When the heart is damaged and unable to supply sufficient blood to the body.

Question 25

What is hypovolemic shock?

Answer 25

Caused by severe blood and fluid loss

From traumatic bodily injury

Question 26

What is neurogenic shock?

Answer 26

Spinal cord injury