First Aid

Question 1

How can you tell an arterial bleed from a venous bleed?

Answer 1

arterial = bright red,  high pressure, spurting
venous = low pressure, steady flow, more dark

Question 2

What is shock?

Answer 2

hypoperfusion: inability of circulatory system to perfuse organs

Question 3

What can be some results of the blood being shunted from the periphery during shock?

Answer 3

1) LOC (since brain not getting O2)
2) organs failing (not getting O2)
3) heart rhythm affected, leading to arrest and death

Question 4

What is metabolic shock?

Answer 4

loss of body fluids from heat or severe vomiting/diarrhea

Question 5

What is septic shock?

Answer 5

severe infections cause blood vessels to dilate

Question 6

What is neurogenic shock?

Answer 6

• loss of vascular tone, pooling of peripheral blood (blood pressure is so low that periphery won’t get blood very well, and then it’ll pool because it doesn’t have pressure to get back up to the heart

TBI, SCI or other neural trauma causes disruption of ANS resulting in disruption of blood vessel dilation/constriction

Question 7

What should you do if you come across a person that’s suspected to have shock?

Answer 7

1) determine skin characteristics
2) assess ABCs
3) elevate legs (unless suspected spinal issue)
4) keep victim from getting chilled/hot