First Aid

Question 1

What makes having a working knowledge of the first aide essential

Answer 1

The frequency that accidents and injuries occur

Question 2

How many objectives of first aid are there

Answer 2

3

Question 3

What are the objectives of first aid

Answer 3

prevent

• further injury
• infection
• loss of life

Question 4

The fundamental elements of first aid can be categorized into how many main areas?

Answer 4

8

Question 5

What helps us to accomplish the three main objectives of first aid?

Answer 5

Knowledge of the eight main areas (that the fundamental elements of first aid are broken down into)

Question 6

How many methods are there to control bleeding

Answer 6

4

Question 7

What are the methods used to control bleeding

Answer 7

Direct pressure
elevation
pressure points Tourniquet as a last resort

Question 8

What is a pressure point

Answer 8

A point on the body where a main artery lies near the skin surface over a bone

Question 9

How many principal pressure points are on each side of the body

Answer 9

11

Question 10

What pressure points are above the waist

Answer 10

• Superficial Temporal artery
• Facial artery
• Carotid artery
• subclavian artery
• brachial artery(inner upper arm)
• brachial artery (inner elbow)
• radial/ulnar artery

Question 11

What pressure points are below the waist

Answer 11

• femoral artery
• iliac artery
• popliteal artery
• anterior/posterior tibial artery

Question 12

What are the characteristics of first-degree burns

Answer 12

Redness, warmth in and mild pain

Question 13

What are characteristics of second degree burns

Answer 13

Red, blistered skin in severe pain

Question 14

What are characteristics of third-degree burns

Answer 14

Destroys tissue, skin, and bone

Severe pain may be absent due to destroyed nerve endings

Question 15

What are the eight main areas that the fundamental elements of first aid are categorized into

Answer 15

Bleeding
Burns
Fractures
Electric shock
Obstructed airway
Heat related injuries
Cold-weather injuries
Shock

Question 16

What are the two types of fractures

Answer 16

Closed/simple

Open/compound

Question 17

Note: electrical shock

Answer 17

Electrical shock injuries can range from little to no evidence of injury to severe trauma with associated cardiac arrest

Question 18

Obstructions of the upper airway can be caused by many things depending on what?

Answer 18

Age and situation

Question 19

What are the two types of heat related injuries that can occur

Answer 19

Heat exhaustion

heat stroke

Question 20

What is heat exhaustion

Answer 20

A serious disturbance of blood flow to the brain, heart and lungs

Question 21

What are signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion

Answer 21

Skin: cool moist and clammy
Pupils: dilated
Sweating profusely

Question 22

What is heatstroke

Answer 22

Hey very serious condition caused by a breakdown of the sweating mechanism

Question 23

What are the signs and symptoms of heat stroke

Answer 23

Skin: hot and dry
Pupils: uneven
Pulse: weak/rapid

Question 24

How many types of cold weather injuries are there

Answer 24

3

Question 25

What are the types of cold weather injuries

Answer 25

Hypothermia
superficial frostbite
Deep frostbite

Question 26

What are the signs and symptoms of hypothermia

Answer 26

Pt May appear pale and unconscious and may even be taken for dead

Question 27

What are the characteristics of superficial frostbite?

Answer 27

Ice crystals begin to form in the upper skin layers after exposure to freezing temperatures

Question 28

What are the characteristics of deep frostbite?

Answer 28

Ice crystals form in the deeper tissues after exposure to freezing temperatures

Question 29

What is shock

Answer 29

A life-threatening medical condition as a result of insufficient blood flow

Question 30

What are the different types of shock

Answer 30

Septic 
anaphylactic
cardiogenic
hypovolemic 
neurogenic