Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pneumo > First Aid > Flashcards

First Aid Flashcards

0
Q

What is the formula for Alveolar Ventilation (VA)?

A

VA = (VT - VD) x RR

Tidal volume - Dead space, x RR (12-20 breaths/min)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Pathology- hyperplasia of mucus-secreting glands bronchi–> Reid index (thickness of gland layer/total thickness of bronchial wall) >50%.
Productive cough for 3 months per year for at least 2 years. Findings: wheezing, crackles, cyanosis,

A

Chronic bronchitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Desquamated epithelium casts in sputum, Charcot-Leyden Crystals… What is the associated disease?

A

Curschmann’s spirals (bronchial asthma)

Charcot-Laden crystals are double pointed hexagonal crystals that are formed when eosinophils in sputum breakdown.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What pathology is at hand: Opacities seen on X-ray on both sides of the carina. bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, uveitis

A

Sarcoidosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the formula for the calculation of physiologic dead space?

A

Vd = Vt x (PaCO2 - PECO2/PaCO2)

Where Vt is the Tidal Volume (~500mL)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What pathology is at hand: Vasculitis and glomerulonephritis

A

Goodpasture’s, Wegener’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What pathology is at hand: Anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies

A

Goodpasture’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What pathology is at hand: Honeycomb lung on x-ray

A

Interstitial fibrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What pathology is at hand: Tennis-racket shaped cytoplasmic organelles

A

Birbeck granules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What pathology is at hand: Iron containing nodules in the alveolar septum. What are they and what is the associated pathology?

A

Ferruginous bodies - Asbestos related disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Idiopathic pulmonary hypertension is associated with what gene mutation?

A

BMPR2 gene (inhibits vascular smooth muscle proliferation).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

MCC of pneumonia in immunocompromised patients?

A

Pneumocystis jiroveci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

MCC of atypical/walking pneumonia?

A

Mycoplasma pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Causative agent for pneumonia in alcoholics?

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Pneumonia associated with bird handlers?

A

Chlamydia psittaci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Often the cause of pneumonia in a patient with a history of exposure to bats and bat droppings?

A

Histoplasma

16
Q

Pneumonia associated with patient who visited the Southwest: Southern California, New Mexico, or West Texas

A

Coccidioides

17
Q

Pneumonia associated with “currant jelly” sputum

A

Klebsiella

18
Q

Q fever

A

Coxiella burnetti

19
Q

MCC of pneumonia in children greater than 1 year old:

A

Respiratory SV (RSV)

20
Q

MCC of pneumonia in newborns or babies:

A

Group B streptococcus or E. Coli

21
Q

MCC of pneumonia in ventilators and CF?

A

Pseudomona aeruginosa

22
Q

Where is small cell oat carcinoma found?

A

Centrally in lung

23
Q

Where is lung (non-small cell) Adenocarcinoma found in the lung? What genes are associated?

A

Peripherally in lung tissue and associated with clubbing of fingers. Assoc. genes are KRAS, EGFR, ALK

24
Q

What part of the lung is associated with squamous cell carcinoma (non-small cell carcinoma)?

A

Central: Hilar mass, assoc with smoking. Produces PTH which leads to hypercalcemia.

25
Q

Where is this lung neoplasm typically found (non-small cell) large cell carcinoma?

A

Peripheral: highly Anaplastic, poor prognosis, and can secrete Beta-hCG

26
Q

Where is this neoplasm typically found (non small-cell) bronchial carcinoid tumor? What are the common symptoms?

A

May be seen centrally or peripherally -
Nests of neuroendocrine cells; chromogranin A
Excellent prognosis, metastasis rare.
Symptoms include:
Wheezing (bronchospasms), Flushing, diarrhea, right sided heart failure (BFDR)

27
Q

Mediastinal masses: classic location assosiations for - substernal goiter (thyroid), thymic neoplasm, teratoma, and lymphoma.

A

Location: anterior

28
Q

Mediastinal masses: classic location assosiations for - esophageal carcinoma, metastasis, hiatal hernia, bronchogenic cysts

A

Location: Middle

29
Q

Mediastinal masses: classic location associations for - neurogenic tumor (eg neurofibroma), multiple sclerosis

A

Location: Posterior

Pneumo (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions