First Aid

Question 0

8 fundamental elements if first aid?

Answer 0

1. Bleeding
2. burns
3. fractures
4. electric shock
5. obstructed airways
6. heat retaliated injuries
7. cold weather injuries
8. Shock

Question 1

3 objectives if first aid?

Answer 1

Prevent further injury, infection, and loss of life

Question 2

4 methods to control bleeding

Answer 2

1. Direct pressure
2. Elevation
3. Pressure points
4. Tourniquet

Question 3

What is a pressure point?

Answer 3

Where a main artery lies superficial and over a bone

Question 4

List some pressure points

Answer 4

Temporal artery.    Popliteal 
Facial artery.     Anterior/posterior tibial
Carotid artery
Subclavian 
Brachial inner upper arm
Brachial inner elbow
Radial
Femoral
Iliac

Question 5

First degree burn

Answer 5

Redness warm to touch mild pain

Question 6

2nd degree burn

Answer 6

Blistering extreme pain

Question 7

3rd degree burn

Answer 7

Destroys tissue and adipose tissue pain not there due to burnt nerve endings

Question 8

Closed/simple fracture

Answer 8

Without break in skin

Question 9

Open/compound fracture?

Answer 9

Bone protrudes through skin

Question 10

Heat related injuries?

Answer 10

Heat exhaustion: disturbance of blood flow to the brain, heart and lungs. Cool clammy skin, pupils dilated, sweating profusely
Heat stroke: breakdown of sweating mechanism and unable to eliminate heat from body. Hot dry skin, uneven pupils, weak rapid pulse

Question 11

Cold weather injuries?

Answer 11

Hypothermia: cooling of whole body. Maybe pale and unconscious. Breathing slow and shallow, faint pulse.
Superficial frostbite: Ice crystals form on upper skin
Deep frostbite: ice crystals form in deeper layers of skin.

Question 12

Types of shock?

Answer 12

Septic: bacteria releasing toxins to blood
Anaphylactic: allergic reaction
Cardiogenic: heart attack or obstruction
Hypovolemic: blood loss
Neurogenic: damage to spinal chord