First Aid Flashcards
Four methods of controlling breathing
Direct pressure
Elevation
Pressure points
Tourniquet
What are the objectives of first aid
Prevent further injury, further infection, and loss of life
What is a pressure point
A point in the body where a main artery lies near the skin surface and over a bone, you can reduce blood flow to areas of the body by applying pressure at this point
How many principal pressure points are on each side of the body?
11
How many classifications of burns are there?
3
Describe a first degree burn
Redness, warmth and mild pain
Describe a second degree burn
Red, blistered and severe pain
Describe a third degree burn
Destroys tissue, skin and sometimes bone, severe pain may be absent due to nerve endings being destroyed
What are two types of bone fractures
Open/compound
Closed/simple
What is heat exhaustion
Skin is cool, moist and clammy. Pupils dilated, body temp is normal or high victim is usually sweating profusely
What is a heat stroke?
Breakdown of the bodies sweating mechanism Victim is not able to eliminate excessive heat buildup. Symptoms may include hot or dry skin, uneven pupil dilation and weak rapid pulse
What are the three symptoms of hypothermia?
Appear pale or be unconscious breathing is shallow and slow pulse is faint or even undetectable Body tissues feel semi rigid and arms and legs feel stiff
What is shock
A life threatening medical condition where the body suffers from insufficient blood flow throughout the body as a result of injury or illness
What are the five types of shock
Septic (bacteria multiplying in blood) Anaphylactic ( allergic) Cardiogenic (heart damage or failure) Hypovolemic (severe blood or fluid) Neurogenic (spinal cord injury)
