FIRST AID

Question 1

three objectives of first aid

Answer 1

prevent further injury
prevent infection
prevent loss of life

Question 2

four methods of controlling bleeding

Answer 2

direct pressure
elevation
pressure point
tourniquet

Question 3

there are ? principal pressure point

Answer 3

11 on each side. 21 total

Question 4

temple

Answer 4

superficial temporal artery

Question 5

jaw

Answer 5

facial artery

Question 6

neck

Answer 6

common carotid artery

Question 7

collar bone

Answer 7

subclavian artery

Question 8

inner upper arm

Answer 8

brachial artery

Question 9

inner elbow

Answer 9

brachial artery

Question 10

wrist

Answer 10

radial/ulnar artery

Question 11

upper thigh

Answer 11

femoral artery

Question 12

groin

Answer 12

iliac artery

Question 13

knee

Answer 13

popliteal artery

Question 14

ankle

Answer 14

anterior/posterior tibial artery

Question 15

three classifications of burns

Answer 15

• first degree: produces redness, warmth and mild pain EX. sunburn
• second degree: causes red, blistered skin and severe pain EX. blisters
• third degree: destroys tissue, skin, and bone in severe cases. May not feel pain due to nerve ending being destroyed EX. chartskin

Question 16

closed/simple fractures

Answer 16

is a broken bone without a break in the skin

Question 17

open/compound fractures

Answer 17

is a broken bone protruding the skin

Question 18

electric shock

Answer 18

when a person comes into contact with an electric energy source

Question 19

obstructed airways

Answer 19

indications are inability to talk, grasping and pointing to the throat, exaggerated breathing efforts and skin turning bluish color.

Question 20

heat related injuries

Answer 20

two types
heat exhaustion
heat stroke

Question 21

heat exhaustion

Answer 21

cool, moist, and clammy skin
pupils are dilated
usually sweating

Question 22

heat stroke

Answer 22

caused by a breakdown of the sweating mechanism of the body.
unable to eliminate excessive body heat buildup.
hot and/or dry skin
uneven pupil dilation.
rapid pulse
no sweat at all.

Question 23

cold weather injuries

Answer 23

three types
hypothermia
superficial frostbite
deep frostbite

Question 24

hypothermia

Answer 24

caused by explosure to low or rapidly falling temperature.

victim may appear pale and unconscious and may even be taken for dead. breathing is slow and shallow

Question 25

superficial frostbite

Answer 25

ice crystals are forming in the upper skin layers after exposure to a temperature of 32 degrees or lower

Question 26

deep frostbite

Answer 26

ice crystals are forming in the deeper tissues after exposure to a temperature of 32 degrees or lower

Question 27

shock

Answer 27

this is a life-threatening medical condition whereby the body suffers from insufficient blood flow throughout the body as a result of severe injury of illness. 5 types

• septic shock
• anaphylactic shock
• cardiogenic shock
• hypovolemic shock
• neurogenic shock

Question 28

septic shock

Answer 28

bacteria multiplying in the blood and releasing toxins. EX. pneumonia, intra-abdominal infections, meningitis

Question 29

anaphylactic shock

Answer 29

allergic reaction EX. allergy to insect stings, medicines or foods

Question 30

cardiogenic shock

Answer 30

the heart is damaged and unable to supply sufficient blood to the body end results of a heart attack

Question 31

neurogenic shock

Answer 31

caused by spinal cord injury usually as a result of a traumatic accident or injury. nerve damage