Fire Service Manual Aircraft Incidents Flashcards
Aircraft incidents give rise to what problems?
Notification Locating the aircraft Mobilization of resources Access Media attention
What metals are used in aircraft construction?
Aluminum alloys Magnesium and it's alloys Titanium alloys Stainless steel Composite materials
What are the types of aircraft engines?
Piston engines - In line - Flat and Radial
Turbine engines - Turbojet - Turbofan - Turboprop
The majority of fires in aircraft engines will be associated with the accessory section. What does it contain?
- Fuel pumps
- Fuel lines
- Hydraulic pumps
- Hydraulic lines
- Oil pumps
- Oil lines
- Gearbox
- Electrical generators
What are the types of fuel and their uses?
- Petrol (gasoline and a gas) - used in piston engined aircraft.
- Kerosene - used in turbine engines ( Arturo and a tag)
Name and describe the types of fuel tanks?
- Rigid tanks- constructed from sheet aluminum with internal baffles.
- Integral tanks-use aircraft compartments for storing fuel, usually wings.
- Flexible tanks-made of flexible bags of plastic, nylon or neoprene rubber or other man made material.
- Auxiliary tanks- extra tanks found under the fuselage or main plane or at the wing tips.
Name the typical pressurized and powered systems found on aircraft?
- Hydraulic and de icing systems
- Electrical systems
- Pressurization and air conditioning
- Compressed gases
When locating access/egress doors, consideration should be given to what three things?
- The age of the aircraft
- The size of the aircraft
- The type of the aircraft
What are the physical properties of Hydrazine?
It is a clear oily liquid with a distinctive odor similar to ammonia.
It has a flash point of 60-90c.
It has an auto ignition temperature of 270c
It has a wide range of flammability.
It is corrosive.
It can self ignite.
It’s vapors present explosive hazards.
It is insensitive to shock and therefore very stable.
It is miscible with water.
Special military teams are required to remove the material for disposal.
Gaseous oxygen and other gases can be found in military aircraft. What are they and how are they identified?
Oxygen (black)
Nitrogen (light grey with black neck)
Carbon Dioxide (white)
Air (light grey)
The rescue of aircrew may be arranged in four phases. What are they?
Gaining access
Making the ejector seat safe
Releasing the aircrew from seat and harness
Lifting out and removal to safety
What are the reasons for the lightweight construction of helicopters?
- The airframe is not stressed to carry a mainframe
- The cabin is not pressurized for high altitude flight
- The undercarriage assemblies are relatively small
- Structural members are of much smaller cross sections
- Sheet metals used are of a thinner gauge
- The use of composite materials, such as carbon fibre, reinforced plastic, aramid reinforced plastic and lighter alloy metals such as aluminum, duralumin, electron and alclad magnesium are used extensively.
What are the special hazards firefighters must consider when attending helicopter crash situations?
- The deployment of hand lines around a helicopter is far easier given its relative size. The application of media is unhindered beneath the airframe.
- In any crash situation it is unlikely that a helicopter will remain upright.
- There is every possibility that in a helicopter crash fuel will be released given the proximity of fuel tanks and lines in the construction of the airframe.
- Given the relatively lightweight construction of a helicopter, it is unlikely to remain intact if it is involved in a crash.
- The construction of a helicopter includes a relatively high proportion of composite materials. Firefighters should ensure they have adequate respiratory protection when engaged in firefighting.
- The versatility of a helicopter can cause it to become involved in an emergency or accident virtually anywhere.
- Passengers, fuel and exits may become inverted with possible large fuel spillages.
