Fire Officer Ch. 1 - 6 Flashcards
On page 4, a _________ supervises a single fire company or a small administrative or technical group.
Fire Officer I
On page 4, a __________ refers to a senior non-chief officer level in a larger department. Can be an overall supervisor of a multiple-unit fire station. Can be in charge of a larger group performing a specialized service or a significant administrative section within the fire department.
Fire Officer II
On page 5, Fire Officer I candidates are required to meet the requirements of NFPA 1001 _______ and NFPA 1041 ________.
Firefighter II
Fire Instructor I
On page 5, IAFC calls the fire officer I a __________.
Supervising Fire Officer
On page 8, every ___ seconds a fire department responds to a fire somewhere in the United States.
23 seconds
On page 10, many early volunteer fire departments were funded by _____ or ______.
Donations and Subscriptions
On page 11, a __________, or captain, could be directly responsible for supervising a fire company on one shift and also responsible for coordinating all of the company’s activities with other shifts.
Managing Officer
On page 11, supervising and managing fire officers report directly to an ____ officer. In a large organization, there are often several levels of these fire officers usually called chiefs.
Administrative Officer
On page 11, most fire departments are structured on the basis of four management principles:
Unity of Command
Span of Control
Division of Labor
Discipline
On page 11, _______ is the management concept that each fire fighter answers to only one supervisor, and each supervisor answers to one boss.
Unity of Command
On page 12, maximum number of personnel or activities that can be effectively controlled by one individual is usually ___ to ___.
3-7
On page 12, most experts believe that span of control should extend to no more than ____ people.
5
On page 12, SOP’s, SOG’s and policies are all forms of _____.
Discipline
On page 13, the four functions of management are:
Planning
Organizing
Leading
Controlling
On page 13, ______ planning covers developing a plan that extends up to a year.
Short range
On page 13, _____ planning covers planning that is 1-3 years in advance.
Medium range
On page 13, ______ planning covers events longer than 3 years in advance.
Long range
On page 16, the _______ is also expected to determine the area of origin and preliminary cause of a fire and to develop and perform a post incident analysis of a multi-company operation.
Fire Officer II
On page 17, employee empowerment, decentralized decision making, and delegation to fully engage firefighters is an ________ approach.
“all hazards” approach
On page 17, firefighting accounts for only ____% of the response workload based on the data submitted by NFIRS.
5%
On page 17, of the runs requiring fire suppression tasks, only _____ are structure fires.
Half
On page 17, most common reasons for fire company responses listed 1-3:
- EMS
- Activated Fire Protection Systems
- investigating an odor
On page 17, _____ and _______ are the primary causes of death within a burning structure.
Flashover and Structural collapse
A code or standard developed through the agreement between two people representing different organizations and interests. NFPA codes and standards are an example of this. What is this?
Consensus Document
On page 21, selecting employees who share the values of the organization describes _____.
Ethics
On page 24, those in power could appoint people to public office based on a personal relationship or political affiliation is what?
Spoils System
On page 24, the ______ Act established the civil service system within the federal government and provides a model for the civil services that were developed by many states and cities in subsequent years.
Pendleton Act
On page 25, attributes or qualities that can be described and measured during a promotional examination is called what?
Dimensions
On page 25, completion of a promotional examination process creates an eligibility list that lasts from __ to ___ years.
2 - 6 years
On page 26, an arson squad captain must be certified in NFPA _______and ____ years of experience as a fire investigator.
NFPA 1033, 2 years
On page 26, public safety promotional examinations is developed within the agency, the _______ members write the questions and establish its content.
Test committee
On page 26, the municipality’s personnel or human resources department uses two documents to define KSA’s that are required for every classified position within the municipality:
Narrative Job Description
Technical class specification
On page 29, the decision of which components of a promotional exam to use is influenced by:
Time requirements
Expense
Staff expertise
Past Experience
On page 29, in general, the first-level supervisory examination has the longest and most diverse reading list, and as much as ____% of this test focuses on the technical aspects of a supervising fire officer.
70%
On page 29, ______ questions tend to focus on the immediate requirements affecting fire company preparedness.
Supervisory
On page 29, a ____ fire officer examination usually includes fewer technical questions and more administration questions.
Managing
On page 29, three options for constructing a multiple choice written examination:
Local exam committee develops tests and write questions
Private companies develop generic exams used by many departments
hiring a consultant to write more specific examinations directed toward local priorities
On page 29, the best test questions selected by the committee are the ones with ___________.
Job Content/criterion-referenced validity
On page 29, _____ is the characteristic where a test measures what it is intended to measure on a consistent basis.
Reliability
On page 30, the most common assessment center activity is the _______.
In-basket exercise
On page 30, method for handling promotional in baskets are:
Review
Prioritize
Identify
Follow Up
Notify
On page 31, emergency incident simulations will take one of four formats:
“data dump question”
mock emergency incident (candidate reacts to unfolding incident)
interactive emergency scene simulation
full-scale incident simulation
On page 31, in a typical ______ scenario, the candidate has to deal with a role player, who has a problem, complaint, or dilemma.
Interpersonal Interaction
On page 32, In an interpersonal interaction assessment, the key points are to meet the following criteria:
- Maintain control
- Tell employee exact behavior you expect
- Give employee deadline
- Follow Up meeting
- Employee to buy into or take personal responsibility
- Be an empathetic listener
- Explain consequences
- End on positive note
On page 33, to prepare for an examination, the candidate must master both the __________ and the _____.
Content of examination
Process
On page 33, mastering the content for an examination requires a _______ plan.
Personal study plan
On page 35, the first section of a personal study journal should be:
A. Information about the promotional exam ( official announcement or documents candidate is required to submit.)
B. Written reference materials
C. Information about announced or anticipated components of promotional examination (exam structure and process)
D. Calendar
Information about the promotional exam
On page 35, the second section of a personal study journal should be:
A. Information about the promotional exam ( official announcement or documents candidate is required to submit.)
B. Written reference materials
C. Information about announced or anticipated components of promotional examination (exam structure and process)
D. Calendar
Calendar
On page 35, the third section of a personal study journal should be:
A. Information about the promotional exam ( official announcement or documents candidate is required to submit.)
B. Written reference materials
C. Information about announced or anticipated components of promotional examination (exam structure and process)
D. Calendar
Written Reference Materials
On page 35, the fourth section of a personal study journal should be:
A. Information about the promotional exam ( official announcement or documents candidate is required to submit.)
B. Written reference materials
C. Information about announced or anticipated components of promotional examination (exam structure and process)
D. Calendar
Information about announced or anticipated components of promotional examination
On page 37, the six most commonly addressed dimensions are:
Oral communications
Written communications
Problem Analysis
Judgement
Organizational Sensitivity
Planning/Organizing
On page 42, the most important tasks you want a new fire officer to do well are:
Beginning of shift report
Notifications
Decision making
Problem solving
On page 42, the beginning of shift report is provided from each work location to the battalion or district chief within the first _______ hour of the reporting time.
Quarter
On page 45, four times in a firefighters career when a major change occurs:
Complete Probation
Completes promotional process and starts working as a fire company commander
Completes another level of training and advances through the promotional process as a chief officer
Retirement
On page 46, James O. Page divided the company officer’s duties into three distinct roles:
Supervisor
Commander
Trainer
On page 47, _______ is the ability of an officer to project an image of being in control of the situation.
Command Presence
On page 47, a fire officer who is going to establish command upon arriving at an emergency incident should have a detailed knowledge of ________, mastery of the _________, and the ability to ___________.
Responding Companies
Local procedures
issue clear direct orders
On page 48, the company-level officer plays a key role in developing training competencies within the company. James O. Page makes 3 specific recommendations to assist fire officers in this task:
Personal Training Library
Know the neighborhood
Problem-solving scenarios
On page 49, 3 activities are necessary to ensure a good working relationship with a fire officer’s supervisor:
Keep supervisor informed
Make appropriate decisions at your level of responsibility
Consult with supervisor before making major disciplinary actions or policy changes
On page 50, ____ refers to the complex system of inherent attributes that determine a person’s moral and ethical actions and reactions, including the quality of being honest.
Integrity
On page 51, the civil rights of Americans are established by federal laws, which are enforced in the workplace by the _______.
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)
On page 51, _______ of the Civil rights Act of 1964 covers colleges, schools, unions and local government.
Title VII (7)
On page 53, case laws has shown that use of unacceptable language requires an ____ response.
Immediate
On page 54, _______ sexual harassments cases - cases in which a supervisor specifically promises a work-related benefit in return for a sexual favor.
Quid-Pro-Quo
On page 54, complaints settled by a court decision represent less than ____% of all of the harassment complaints filed by the fire department.
3%
On page 54, firefighters who want to initiate a harassment complaint have a choice of 3 methods for doings so:
Federal government
Local government
Fire Department
On page 54, Failure to ______ is the most common reason a local government is found liable.
Investigate a complaint
On page 54, ______ the person bringing you the complaint is the second most common way local governments lose harassment complaints.
Blaming
On page 55, regardless of where the complaint is filed, the _____ is required to take corrective actions if the investigation confirms that the complaint has merit.
Fire Chief
On page 55, the fire officer needs to consider the fire station or other fire department facility as a _______ location.
Business Work Location
Employee behavior that requires an immediate corrective action by the supervisor is called what?
Actionable Item
A person who has worked as a managing officer for 3 - 5 years, certified at the NFPA Fire Officer III level, and has accomplished formal education equivalent to a bachelors degree is what type of Fire Officer?
Administrative Fire Officer
A characteristic of a fire workforce that reflects differences in terms of age, cultural background, race, religion, sex and sexual orientation is called what?
Diversity
Decisions and behavior demonstrated by a fire officer that are consistent with the department’s core values, mission statement, and value statements is called what?
Ethical Behavior
On page 62, the communication cycle consists of 5 points:
Message
Sender
Medium (with noise)
Receiver
Feedback
On page 63, the _____ refers to the method used to convey the information from the sender to the receiver.
Medium
On page 65, ______ is a good method to keep conversation on topic.
Directed Questioning
On page 65, ______ is useful in de-escalating the spread of inaccurate information that can harm an individual, the department, or the fire service.
Rumor Control
On page 65, in particular, the fire officer must keep the chief officer informed about 3 areas:
Progress towards performance goals
Controversy
Attitudes and Morale
On page 65, every organization has an informal communications system often known as the ____.
“grapevine”
On page 65, _____ is a physical or sociological condition that interferes with the message.
Environmental Noise
On page 66, prejudice and bias are examples of _________ noise.
Sociological Environmental Noise
on page 66, if using a radio, hold the microphone about __ inches from your mouth.
2 inches
On page 67, ____ is the mental process of gathering and considering all of the pertinent details of a given incident.
Size-up
On page 67, the ______ follows the size up. During this report, the fire officer puts the key information into words clearly and concisely and shares it with all of the personnel responding to the incident.
Initial radio report
On page 67, the initial radio report should describe:
What you have
What you are doing
Provide direction for other units
On page 68, a good practice for radio reports are:
Think first
Position microphone
Depress Key
Take a breath
Send message in clear tone
On page 68, the most common form of reporting is _______ communications from one individual to another.
Verbal communications
On page 68, ____ conversation is the most effective means of conveying many types of information.
Face-to-face
On page 68, a ____ report is an effective method of exchanging information when the magnitude or speed of the event requires maximum efficiency.
CAN report
On page 68, ____ reports provide information that is related to the fire department personnel, programs, equipment and facilities.
Routine
On page 68, the _____ serves as a permanent reference that can be consulted to determine what happened at the fire station at any particular time and date, as well as who was involved.
Company Journal
On page 68, the ______ is also the place to enter a record of any firefighter injury, liability-creating event, and special visitors to the fire station.
Company Journal
On page 69, the ________ is a nationwide database managed by the U.S. Fire administration that collects data related to fires and other incidents.
National Fire Incident Reporting System (NFIRS)
On page 69, the fire officer should anticipate the need to provide ________ reports for a civilian fatality or injury, a crime scene or arson investigation, official recognition, award, or bravery citation, a fire company activity that contributed to death or a serious injury or a fire company activity that created a liability.
Expanded incident reports
On page 70, a ____ report is required by state workers compensation agencies whenever an employee is injured.
Supervisor report
On page 70, the supervisors first report of an injury must be submitted within ___ to ____ hours of the incident or in line with company policy, after conducting an investigation into the facts.
24 - 72 hours
On page 71, a _______ is a detailed account of activities such as a narrative report of the actions taken at an incident or accident, and should be included in the supervisors report.
Chronological Statement of Events
On page 72, two types of software are found on the computer:
Operating system and applications
On page 72, Internal memos, emails, instant messages, and messages transmitted via mobile data terminals are examples of what type of communication.
Informal Communication
On page 72, a _____ is an official fire department document printed on a business stationery with the fire department letterhead.
Formal communication
On page 72, _____ are written organizational directives that establish or prescribe specific operational or administrative methods to be followed routinely for the performance of designated operations or actions.
Standard Operating Procedures (SOP)
On page 73, ________ are written organizational directives that identify a desired goal and describe the general path to accomplish the goal including critical tasks or cautions.
Standard Operating Guidelines (SOG)
On page 73, ____ are formal documents that address a specific subject, policy, or situation. They may be called Executive orders, departmental directives, master memos, etc.
General Orders
On page 73, A series of written questions asked by someone from an opposing legal party is called what?
Interrogatory
On page 75, a decision document includes the following elements:
Problem or Issue
Background
Restrictions
Options
Recommendation
Next Action
On page 75, the Fire Department’s _______ system typically contains NFIRS run reports, training records, occupancy inspection records, pre-incident plans, hydrant testing records, staffing data, etc.
Records Management
On page 75, a verbal presentation would consist of four parts:
- Get their attention
- Interest statement
- Details
- Action
On page 76, the first step in preparing a news release is to:
Formulate a plan
On page 76, the second step in preparing a news release is to:
Develop the concept and write the release
On page 76, the last step in preparing a news release is to:
Get news release out to the media
On page 76, the steps in preparing a news release is:
Formulate plan
Develop the concept and write the release
Get news out to media
Company journals, morning reports, monthly activity and training reports, and incident reports are considered what type of reports?
Written reports
General orders are short term directions, procedures, or orders signed by the fire chief and lasting for a periods of ____ to _____.
days to one year or more
On page 86, understanding the causes of firefighter deaths and injuries is the ____ step in developing an incident action plan.
first step
On page 86, The NFFF held a Firefighter Life Safety Summit in 2004 that resulted in 16 initiatives:
- Define Cultural Change
- Enhance Accountability
- Risk Management
- Stop unsafe practices
- Develop national standards for training
- Develop Medical and Fitness standards
- Create Research Agenda
- Utilize Technology
- Investigate all firefighter fatalities, injuries, near misses
- Create grant programs
- National Standards for emergency response policies and procedures
- Champion national protocols for response to violent incidents
- Counseling and Psychological support
- Public Education
- Enforcement of codes and home sprinklers
- Safety Primary consideration
On page 87, a fire officer can develop four simple habits to improve the safety of his or her crew:
Physically fit
Wear seat belts
Practice safety
Maintain fire company integrity
On page 87, ______ are the leading cause of death for firefighters accounting for 41% of all line of duty deaths from 2007 - 2011.
Heart Attacks
On page 87, NFPA ____ provides a structure and resources to help the fire officer develop a health-related fitness program.
1583
On page 88, _____ account for the largest % of traumatic firefighter deaths.
Collisions
On page 88, almost ____% of the firefighters died in their personal vehicles.
40%
On page 88, _____ given the road conditions and ______ are frequently cited causes of these fatal collisions.
Excessive speed
Operator error
On page 88, driver minimum qualifications are established in NFPA _____, NFPA ______, and NFPA _____.
1002
1452
1500
On page 88, requiring firefighters to wear ___ is a simple requirement that could prevent 8 - 12 fatalities a year.
seat belts
On page 89, a single unit IAP includes the following basic elements:
Incident Objectives
Activities to be completed
Covers a specific time frame (Operational Period)
On page 89, ____ and ____ are prime factors that directly cause death while operating in a burning building, followed by trauma.
Asphyxia
Burns
On page 89, the U.S. Fire Administration Firefighter Fatality Retrospective Study indicated that __% of the fatal fire suppression incidents tallied in the report involved the death of a single firefighter.
82%
On page 91, ____ is one of the most important reasons for establishing and maintaining an effective Incident Command Structure at every incident.
Situational Awareness
On page 92, the fire officer starts the risk benefit analysis by preparing a ____.
Pre-incident plan
On page 93, NFPA ______ outlines the criteria for an incident safety officer.
1521
On page 94, ______ is the tactical level management unit that provides for medical evaluation, treatment, monitoring, fluid and food replenishment, mental rest, and relief from climatic conditions of the incident.
Incident Scene Rehabilitation
On page 95, the reality is that for every death in the line of duty, nearly ____ firefighter injuries occur.
1000
On page 95, 5 other sources that may be accessed to review safety policies are the:
Report of the week
Secret List
Information posted by ERSI
Videos collected by STATter911.com
NIOSH case studies
On page 95, __ and ___ are the leading type of firefighter injury.
Strains and Sprains
On page 97, NFPA 1581 identifies 6 components of an infection control program:
- Written policy identifying exposures
- Risk management plan
- Annual training and education
- Designated infection control officer
- Access to immunizations
- Instructions for handling exposure incidents
On page 97, the most important first step with any exposure is to wash the exposed area _____ and thoroughly with soap and running water.
Immediately
On page 99, an ______ is any unexpected event that interrupts or interferes with the orderly progress of fire department operations.
Accident
On page 99, an investigation normally consists of 3 phases:
- Identification of evidence
- Interviews with witnesses
- Written Documentation
On page 102, _______ are the second leading cause of firefighter fatalities.
Traumatic injuries
On page 102, the most common fatal motor vehicle collision scenario involves a firefighter responding to an emergency incident in a _________.
Personal Vehicle
On page 102, the second most common type of fatal collision is a ______ rollover.
Tender (mobile water tanker)
On page 102, the third most frequent category of firefighter fatalities includes _____ and _____.
Asphyxiations and Burns
On page 103, Level I HFACS includes two categories:
Errors and Violations
On page 103, Errors are considered unintentional and can be based on ______, _______, or _____.
Decisions
Skills
Perceptions
On page 103, ______ errors include flaws in communicating information to decision makers.
Decision-based errors
On page 103, ______ errors include attention failure, memory failure, or technique failure.
Skill-based errors
On page 103, _____ errors may include visual illusions.
Perceptions
On page 103, violations are considered intentional and are classified as either _____ or ____.
Routine
Exceptional
On page 103, _____ violations include failure to use safety equipment, failure to follow a recommended tactile best practice, or failure to follow recommended cerebral best practices.
Routine violations
On page 103, ____ violations include not being qualified to perform and action.
Exceptional violations
On page 103, Level 2 analyses substandard ____ and substandard _____ of the involved in the incident.
Conditions
Practices
On page 103, Substandard _______ include, factors contributing to adverse mental states, psychological states and physical limitations.
Conditions
On page 103, substandard ____ includes failure to use elements of crew resource management and personal readiness.
Practices
On page 103, unsafe supervision is broken down into four categories:
Inadequate supervision
Inappropriate Operations
Failure to Correct Known Problems
Supervisory Violations
On page 104, Level 4 examines both _________ and _______.
Resource Management
Organizational Climate
On page 103, HFACS Level 1: _________.
Unsafe Acts
On page 103, HFACS Level 2: __________.
Preconditions to Unsafe Acts
On page 103, HFACS Level 3: ________.
Unsafe Supervision
On page 103: HFACS Level 4: ___________.
Organizational Influences
On page 104: Graham’s Rules for Enhancing Firefighter Safety (GREFS) is as follows:
- People
- Management
- Employees
- Safety = condition of employment
- Impartial discipline
- “Benefit of fighting this fire”
- Women and Men
- Safety extends beyond ones job
- Safety is a business responsibility
- Highly predictable
On page 105, here are a few tips to help a fire officer maximize the value of a post-incident analysis:
- Determine safer response
- Develop procedure, practice or equipment
- Consult with supervisors
- Train you peers
- Make the revision
- Integrate new response or activity
On page 105, the fire officer must fulfill four roles to provide a safe environment for the fire company and ensure that everyone goes home:
- Identify unsafe conditions
- Mitigate or reduce as many problems as possible
- Train and prepare
- Model safe behavior
Motor vehicle collisions account for the largest percentage of traumatic firefighter deaths. More than 3/4ths of the fatalities from this causes were found to be not wearing a ____.
Seat Belt
Any arrangement of materials and heat sources that presents the potential for harm is called what?
Hazard
For federally funded incidents, the operational period is ____ hours.
12 hours
For local incidents, the operational period is ___ hours.
8 hours
On page 113, _______ is based on the breaking down of work tasks into their constituent elements; the timing of each element based on repeated stopwatch studies; the fixing of piece-rate compensation based on those studies, the standardization of work tasks on detailed instruction cards, and generally the systematic consolidation of the shop floor’s brain work in a “planning department.”
Scientific Management
On page 113, studies that used a stopwatch to measure a worker’s sequence of motions is called what?
Time and Motion Studies (Time studies)
On page 113, four principles of scientific management:
- Replace rule of thumb work methods with methods based on scientific study
- Select, train, and develop each worker
- Cooperate with the workers
- Divide work nearly equally between managers and workers
On page 114, _______ management shifted focus to pay more attention to the workers and to the working conditions that would make those workers more productive.
Humanistic
On page 114, ______ - a phenomenon in which people improve their performance or behavior not because of any specific condition being tested, but simply because of the extra attention they receive as part of the study.
Hawthorne Effect
On page 115, a Theory ___ manager believes that people do not like to work, so consequently they need to be closely watched and controlled.
Theory X
On page 115, a Theory ___ manager believes that people do like to work and that they need to be encouraged, rather than controlled.
Theory Y
On page 115, three situations where a fire officer must behave as a Theory X manager:
Operating at a fire or high risk activity
Taking control of a workplace conflict to defuse the situation
Near the end of a series of negative disciplinary measures
On page 115, the first level of Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs is _____.
Physiological needs
On page 115, the second level of Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs is ____, _______, and ______.
Safety, Security, Order
On page 116, the third level of Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs is ___, and ____.
Social and Affection
On page 116, the fourth level of Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs is _____ and ___.
Esteem and Status
On page 117, the fifth level of Maslow’s Hierarchy if needs is ______.
Self-Actualization
On page 117, a new fire officer can build trust by:
- Know the fire officer job (administrative and Tactical)
- Be consistent
- Walk your talk
- Support your firefighters
- Make the firefighters feel strong
On page 117, the ____ style represents the lowest level of concern for both results and people; least visible person in a team; he or she is a follower and goes through the motions of work, doing enough to get by, but rarely making deliberate effort to do more.
A. Sound B. Indifferent C. Controlling D. Accommodating E. Status Quo
Indifferent (evade and elude)
On page 117, a ____ person demonstrates a high concern for results but a low concern for others.
A. Sound B. Indifferent C. Controlling D. Accommodating E. Status Quo
Controlling (Direct and Dominate)
On page 117, the ____ person demonstrates low concern for results and a high concern for other people.
A. Sound B. Indifferent C. Controlling D. Accommodating E. Status Quo
Accommodating (Yield and Comply)
On page 118, the ____ person believes there is an inherent contradiction between the concerns for results and for people, but does not value one concern over the other. The objective of this person is to play it safe and work towards acceptable solutions that follow proven methods.
A. Sound B. Indifferent C. Controlling D. Accommodating E. Status Quo
Status Quo (Balance and Compromise)
On page 118, the __ person sees no contradiction in demonstrating a high concern for both people and results at the same time. The consequence is a freedom to test the limits of success with enthusiasm and confidence.
A. Sound B. Indifferent C. Controlling D. Accommodating E. Status Quo
Sound (Contribute and Commit)
On page 118, __________ is the process of having the right number of people in the right place at the right time who can accomplish a task efficiently and effectively.
Human Resources Planning
On page 118, _____ is the process of attracting, selecting, and maintaining an adequate supply of labor.
Staffing
On page 120, 7 steps in effective Fire Officer delegation:
- Define desired results
- Select firefighter
- Determine level of delegation
- Clarify expectations
- Give authority
- Provide background information
- Arrange feedback
On page 120, determining the level of delegation in Step 3 relates to the amount f decision-making authority provided to the firefighter. The company officer has 5 options at his or her disposal:
- Take action independently
- Take action and report back to the officer
- Recommended action
- Provide two or more recommended actions
- Provide information about pros and cons
On page 121, most fire departments operate on a _____ and ____ pay system.
Step and Grade
On page 121, ____-based pay systems have firefighters paid a base amount and then receives additional compensation for good performance.
Merit-based
On page 121, ___-based pay systems typically pay a base amount and then give additional compensation for any skills the firefighter can demonstrate.
Skills-based
On page 122, ______, a ________, ______, and ________ define the fire officer’s human resources arena.
Federal laws
Union contract
City regulations
Department Policies
On page 123, managing firefighters requires, _____, ______, _____ and _____ resources.
Physical
Financial
Human
Time resources.
A management strategy that emphasizes human need and attitude; motivation comes from within the employee and not from authoritarian control. This is what type of management.
Humanistic management
