Fire Behavior Flashcards
What four ingredients make up the fire tetrahedron?
Heat
Fuel
Oxygen
Chemical Reactions
What three ingredients make up the fire triangle?
Heat
Fuel
Oxygen
What are four sources of heat?
Chemical
Electrical
Mechanical
Nuclear
What are the four stages of fire burn?
Ignition
Growth
Fully developed
Decay
What are four factors that determine the speed of growth and size of a fire?
Oxygen supply
Fuel
Container size
Insulation
What stage of fire do flashovers occur at?
Fully developed stage
How many classes of fire are there?
Five
A,B,C,D,K
What is a class A fire?
Made up of ordinary combustibles.
Paper, wood, rubber, plastic, organic solids
What is a class B fire?
Fueled by liquids, gases, or grease type fuels.
Oil, gasoline, alcohol, other liquids
What are class C fires?
Usually class A+B fires fueled by electricity.
What are class D fires?
Fueled by metals
mostly metals that end in -ium
What are class K fires?
Combustible cooking fuels.
Vegetable/animal oils and fats
How do you extinguish class A fires?
Cool the fire down (use water)
How do you extinguish class B fires?
Cut off oxygen. (Use smothering agent/foam)
How do you extinguish class C fires?
Remove the fuel (electricity). Then it becomes a class A or B fire.
How do you extinguish class D fires?
Break up the chemical reaction (depends on the metal on fire)
What are four attributes to look for when looking at smoke?
Volume
Velocity
Density
Color
What does smoke look like on dampened materials typically?
Lighter color
What color smoke appears when a material is first heated?
White
Natural materials turn to what color as it dries out?
Turn from tan to brown
Plastics and painted surfaces will turn to what color as it dries out?
Gray
Black turbulent smoke is a sign of what?
Flashover
A hot, clean burning fire will emit how much smoke and how is the temperature?
Very little but hot
A fast moving fire in a poorly ventilated area will show how much smoke?
A tremendous volume of smoke.
Low mass fuels and plastics emit how much smoke and how is the temperature?
Large volumes of smoke with little heat
What is it called when a solid turns into a gas?
Pyrolysis
At what temperature does water turn into steam?
212 degrees
