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forensics > fingerprints > Flashcards

fingerprints Flashcards

1
Q

what is dactylography or dactyloscopy

A

the branch of science which studies fingerprints

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2
Q

what portions of the body are covered with small ridges that are raised portions of the skin

A

fingers, toes, feet, palms and lips

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3
Q

what do the ridges on our fingers do?

A

help us grip objects

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4
Q

what appears dark on a fingerprint image and what appears light

A

ridge is dark and valley is light

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5
Q

at what time do fingerprints start to form

A

10th week of pregnacy

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6
Q

how many layers are the skin

A

3

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7
Q

what is an arch

A

the ridge pattern starts from one side of the print and leaves from the other side

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8
Q

what percentage of arch fingerprints are found

A

5

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9
Q

the center of a loop or whorl pattern is called

A

core

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10
Q

what is dermal or friction ridges

A

raised portions of the skin, arranged in connected units, which form fingerprints

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11
Q

what is a delta

A

triangular ridge pattern with ridges that go in different directions above and below a triangle ( found in all loop and whorl patters)

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12
Q

define fingerprint

A

impression left on any surface that consists of patterns made by ridges on the tip of a finger

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13
Q

define loop

A

fingerprint pattern in which the ridge enters from one side, curves, then exits on the same side

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14
Q

loop fingerprints are found in __% of the population

A

65

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15
Q

define latent

A

a hidden fingerprint made visible through the use of powders or other techniques

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16
Q

____ is the combination of details in the shapes and positions of ridges in fingerprints that make each unique ( also called ridge characteristics)

A

minutiae

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17
Q

define patent

A

fingerprint that happens when fingers with blood, ink, chalk, grease or dirt on them touch a surface and transfers to that surface

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18
Q

what is plastic

A

three-dimensional fingerprint made in soft material such as clay, soap, paint, putty or wax

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19
Q

what fingerprint pattern resembles a bulls eye

A

whorl

20
Q

what percentage of the population has whorl fingerprints

A

30

21
Q

what is the outermost layer of the skin

A

epidermis

22
Q

the innermost layer of the skin

A

dermis

23
Q

what is the basal layer

A

cells grow faster then the laters above and below so it collapses and folds to form the shapes of a fingerprint

24
Q

what type of sweat gland is associated with hair follicles

A

apocrine

25
Q

type of sweat gland associated with the hands and feet

A

eccrine

26
Q

what is the most common fingerprint

A

loop

27
Q

least common fingerprint

A

arch

28
Q

on the right hand, ______ opens towards the left

A

radial

29
Q

this type of arch pattern has a spike in the middle

A

tented

30
Q

on the left hand, this loop pattern opens towards the left

A

ulnar

31
Q

this whorl pattern is ade up of any two loops combined into one print

A

double loop

32
Q

whorl fingerprint type consisting of a combination of two different types of patterns or which conforms to none of the normal fingerprint type definitions

A

accidental

33
Q

to be absolutely certain two prints match, they must have __ common minutiae

A

12

34
Q

the maximum number of minutiae found to be shared between two different individuals is

A

8

35
Q

minutiae pattern that looks like a “y”

A

bifurcation

36
Q

method used to lift fingerprints after dusting

A

tape

37
Q

super glue fingerprinting method

A

cyanoacrylate

38
Q

this fingerprints test results in a purple blue print when amino acids found in sweat react with chemical

A

ninhydrin

39
Q

what is silver nitrate

A

chloride from salt in sweat on a print combines with this to form dark colored prints

40
Q

fuming this chemical causes fingerprints to appear brown then quickly fade

A

iodine

41
Q

fingerprint are ____ type of evidence

A

individual

42
Q

what is the method of fingerprinting still used today

A

galton henry

43
Q

FBI’s eletronic storage and searcj programs for fingerprints

A

AFIS

44
Q

what is the number of fingerprints store in the integrated automated fingerprint identification system

A

50 million

45
Q

how long does it take for AFIS to produce a list of potentioal matches from a fingerprint

A

2 hours

46
Q
A

forensics (3 decks)

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