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Forensic 2 > Fingerprint > Flashcards

Fingerprint Flashcards

1
Q

This refers to the
points of the tails in the formation of the pattern.

A

Ridge Characteristics

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2
Q

Is a kind
of ridge formation that curves
back in the direction from which it started. Sometimes referred as looping ridge.

A

RECURVING RIDGE

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3
Q

Are two ridges running side by side and suddenly separating, one ridge going one way and the other ridge going another way.

A

DIVERGING RIDGE-

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4
Q

Is a single ridge which splits into two ridges forming a Y shape structure.

A

BIFURCATION OR
BIFURCATING RIDGE

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5
Q

Two or more lines forming an angle.A ridge whose close end is
angular and serve as a point of
convergence pointed and
abrupt.

A

CONVERGING RIDGE -

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6
Q

The point at which one ridge
divides into three ridges

A

Trifurcation

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7
Q

A single friction ridge that
terminates within the
friction ridge structure.

A

ENDING RIDGE

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8
Q

A point where two ridge units
intersect.

A

Ridge Crossing

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9
Q

A short ridge on top or summit
of a recurving ridge usually at
right angle.

A

APPENDAGE

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10
Q

Is a single ridge in the center of a recurving ridge of a loop pattern.

A

ROD OR BAR

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11
Q

a single recurving ridge enclosing one or more rods or bars.

A

ENVELOP

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12
Q

Is a
bifurcation which does not
remain open but which the leg of the bifurcation, after running along side by side for a short
distance, came together again
to form a single ridge once
more.

A

ENCLOSURE

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13
Q

Fragmentary ridges formed by a dot or series of dots, which
resembles appoint.

A

Dot or series of dots

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14
Q

bifurcation with one
short ridge branching off a
longer ridge

A

Spurs

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15
Q

Fragmentary ridges formed by short or series of short ridges.

A

SHORT or SERIES OF SHORT RIDGES

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16
Q

connecting friction ridge
between parallel running ridges,
generally right angles.

A

BRIDGES

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17
Q

Is a part of fingerprint which lies within the area surrounded by the type
lines.

A

PATTERN AREA

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18
Q

These are basic boundaries of all fingerprint
patterns. They are formed with ridges which run parallel, then diverge or separate tending to surround the pattern area.

A

TYPELINES

19
Q

unusual type of ridges found in small percentage of patterns; short,
narrow and badly formed ridges found between two well-formed and full-bodied ridges.

A

Incipient ridges -

20
Q

depressions or canals between
the ridges, which maybe
compared with the low area in a
tire thread.

A

Furrows

21
Q

is that point on a ridge at or nearest the point of divergence of two typelines, and located at or
directly in front of the point of
divergence.

A

Delta

22
Q

The approximate center of the upon or within the innermost sufficient recurve. It may be located on the shoulders of the innermost loop farthest from the delta.

A

CORE

23
Q

is that point on a ridge at or nearest the point of divergence of two typelines, and located at or
directly in front of the point of
divergence.

A

Delta

24
Q

Rules governing the selection of delta

A

Rule 1
The delta may not be located at a bifurcation which does not open toward the core.

Rule 2
When there is a choice between a
bifurcation and another type of delta,
the bifurcation is selected.

Rule 3
When there are two or more possible
deltas which conform to the
definition, the
one nearest the core is
chosen.

Rule 4
The delta may not be located
in the middle of a ridge running between the type lines toward the core, but at the nearer end only.

25
Q

It refers to the approximate
center of the finger
impression.

A

Core

26
Q

Rules governing the Selection
of Core

A

Rule 1
The core is placed upon or within
the innermost sufficient recurve.

Rule 2
When the innermost sufficient recurve contains no ending ridge or rod rising as high as the shoulders of the loop, the core is placed on the shoulder of the loop farther from the delta.

Rule 3
When
the innermost sufficient recurve contains an uneven number of rods
rising as high as the shoulders, the core is placed upon the end of the center rod whether it touches the looping ridge or not.

Rule 4
When the innermost sufficient recurve contains an even number of rods rising as high as the shoulders, the core is placed upon the end of the farther one of the two center rods, the two center rods being treated as though they were connected by a recurving ridge.

27
Q

refers to the naming one fingerprint
pattern.

A

pattern interpretation

28
Q

the fingerprint pattern in which the ridges enter on one side of the impression then flow out on the other side with a rise or wave in the center.

A

Plain arch

29
Q

fingerprint pattern in which most of the ridges enter upon one side of the impression and flow out upon the other side, as in plain arch type, however, the ridge or ridges at the center do not.

A

Tented arch

30
Q

Arch frequency

A

Tented arch - 40%
Plain arch - 60%

31
Q

The pattern in which one or more of the ridges enter on either side of the impression, recurve, touch or pass upon an imaginary line drawn from the delta to the core and
terminate
tend to terminate in or toward the same side of the impression from where such ridge or ridges enter.

A

Loops

32
Q

Requisites of a loop pattern:

A

It must have a delta and a core

it must have
ridge
count of at least one;

it must have a sufficient
recurve
or
recurving
ridges
that passes an imaginary line between the delta and the core.

33
Q

The process of counting the ridges intervening between the delta and the core.Neither the delta nor the core is counted when an imaginaryline is drawn connecting them.

A

RIDGE COUNTING

34
Q

derived its name from the
radius bone of the forearm;

√ it is a type of pattern in
which the ridges run its direction towards the radius bone or thumb.

A

Radial loop

35
Q

type of pattern in which the ridges flow toward the ulna bone or little finger.

A

Ulnar Loop

36
Q

Loop frequency

A

Radial - 6%
Ulnar - 94%

37
Q

simplest
form
whorl construction and is the most common of all types of whorl.

A

Plain whorl

38
Q

√ It is a fingerprint pattern, which has two deltas and at least one ridge making a complete circuit in the form of a spiral, oval, circular or any variant of a circle MUST touch or cross the imaginary
between the two deltas.
line drawn

A

Plain whorl

39
Q

A fingerprint pattern, which has two deltas and at least NO ridge making a complete circuit, which may be
spiral, oval, circular or any variant of a circle DO NOTtouch or cross the imaginary line connecting the two deltas.

A

Central Pocket loop whorl

40
Q

It is called a composite or transitional pattern because it is made up of two patterns in one, a whorl inside a loop

A

Central Pocket loop whorl

41
Q

Consist of two separate and distinct loop formations. with two sets of shoulders and two deltas.

A

Double loop whorl

42
Q

One of the loops surrounds or overlaps the other and also called composite pattern, like the central pocket loop whorl.

A

Double loop whorl

43
Q

It is a pattern consisting of a combination of two or more different types of pattern.

A

Accidental Loop Whorl

44
Q

When the deltas have been located, the ridge emanating from the lower side or point of the extreme left delta is traced until the point nearest or opposite the extreme right delta is reached. The number of ridgesintervening between the tracing ridge and the right delta are then counted.

A

Whorl tracing

Forensic 2 (2 decks)

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