Financial Policies during Charles 1 Flashcards
What was the primary reason for Charles I dissolving Parliament in 1629?
The primary reason for the dissolution was the ongoing conflict between Charles I and Parliament over issues such as finance, foreign policy, and religion, culminating in a direct challenge to his authority with the Three Resolutions passed by the House of Commons.
What were the Three Resolutions (1629), and why did they provoke Charles I?
The Three Resolutions were a declaration by MPs condemning anyone who paid or collected tonnage and poundage without Parliament’s consent and denouncing Arminianism. This defiance of royal authority prompted Charles to dissolve Parliament and rule without it.
How did tonnage and poundage disputes contribute to the dissolution of Parliament in 1629?
Charles continued to collect tonnage and poundage (customs duties) without Parliament’s approval, despite their refusal to grant it permanently. Parliament saw this as a violation of its control over taxation, leading to further conflict and the eventual dissolution.
How did foreign policy failures influence Charles I’s decision to dissolve Parliament in 1629?
Charles I’s foreign policy, particularly the disastrous Cadiz (1625) and La Rochelle (1627) expeditions, led to significant criticism from Parliament. MPs blamed Buckingham for these failures, and their calls for his impeachment heightened tensions with the king.
What role did religious divisions play in the 1629 dissolution of Parliament?
Religious divisions, particularly Charles I’s support for Arminianism, alienated many MPs, who were predominantly Puritan and feared the rise of Catholicism. Parliament condemned Charles’s religious policies in the Three Resolutions, further straining their relationship.
Why was George Villiers, Duke of Buckingham, a significant factor in the breakdown of relations between Charles I and Parliament?
Buckingham was deeply unpopular in Parliament due to his influence over Charles and his role in foreign policy failures. Parliament’s attempts to impeach him before his assassination in 1628 were a major source of conflict, leading Charles to view Parliament as a threat to his authority.
How did the Petition of Right (1628) contribute to the dissolution of Parliament in 1629?
The Petition of Right sought to limit royal powers by demanding that no taxation be levied without Parliament’s consent and no imprisonment without cause. Although Charles initially agreed, he soon violated its terms, leading to further mistrust and the eventual dissolution of Parliament.
What was Charles I’s attitude toward Parliament and its role in governance by 1629?
By 1629, Charles believed in the divine right of kings and saw Parliament as obstructive to his rule. He wanted to govern independently of Parliament, which he viewed as overstepping its authority by challenging his control over taxation and religion.
What financial measures did Charles I use during the Personal Rule to govern without Parliament?
During the Personal Rule, Charles raised money through controversial methods like Ship Money, monopolies, and the revival of feudal dues. These methods were deeply unpopular and seen as bypassing Parliament’s authority over taxation.
What was the significance of the Personal Rule (1629-1640)?
The Personal Rule (also known as the Eleven Years’ Tyranny) was a period when Charles ruled without calling Parliament, relying on alternative means of raising revenue. It marked a significant shift toward autocratic rule and deepened distrust between the king and his subjects.
