FINALSSSS Flashcards
These are essential for safeguarding lives, property, and the environment.
Fire Protection Systems
Fire Code of the Philippines (ver.2019)
R.A. 9514
” It is the policy of the State to ensure puboic safety, promote economic development through the prevention and suppression of all kinds of drstructive fire, and promote the professionalization of the Fire Service as a profession.”
Fire Code of the Philippines
Importance of Fire Safety
- Protecting Lives
- Preserving Property
- Maintaining Business Continuity
- Environmental Responsibility
Different Classes of Fire
Class A - Combustible Materials
Class B - Flammable Liquids and Gases
Class C - Electrical Equipment
Class D - Metals and Chemicals
Class K - Cooking Oils and Fats
Class of fire that are generally caused by a naked flame or items of high temperatures coming into contact with combustible, carbonaceous materials.
Class A - Combustible Materials
Class of fire caused by flammable liquids, such as petrol and and spirits, are exposed to a source of ignition. And gases, such as propane and butane.
Class B - Flammable Liquids and Gases
Class of fire which electrical fires are a risk to all premises that use electricity.
It occurs when live electrical equipment is involved in a fire and must not be tackled by a liquid-based fire extunguisher.
Class C - Electrical Equipment
Class of fire that occurs when combustible metals and chemicals, such as magnesium, lithium and sodium, ignite and are more prevalent in laboratories, warehouses and metal fabricators.
Class D - Metals and Chemicals
Class of fire that pose a risk to restaurants and kitchens.
Class K - Cooking Oils and Fats
3 Types of Fire Protection Systems
- Passive Fire Protection
- Active Fire Protection
- Integrated Systems
These system consist of fire-resistant materials and structures that help prevent or slow down the spread of fires.
Passive Fire Protection
4 Passive Fire Protection
- Fire-Rated Walls
- Fire-Rated Doors
- Fire-Resistant Coatings
- Fire-Resistant Insulation
These walls are designed to resist the passage of fire and smoke for a specified period, providing time for evacuation and fire suppression.
Fire-Rated Walls
These doors are constructed to withstand fire and smoke for a specified duartion, preventing spread and protecting escape routes.
Fire-Rated Doors
These coatings are applied to structural elements to enhance their fire resistance and delay the onset of structural failure
Fire-Resistant Coatings
Insulation materials are used to slow down heat transfer and protect structural elements from fire damage.
Fire-Resistant Insulation
These systems involve active components that detect, suppress, or control fires.
Active Fire Protection
3 Active Fire Protection
- Fire Detection
- Fire Alarm Systems
- Fire Suppression Systems
Systems like smoke detectors, heat detectors, and flame detectors are used to identify fire hazards early in their development.
Fire Detection
These systems notify occupants of a fire through audible and visual alarms, facilitating a timely evacuation.
Fire Alarm Systems
These systems release extinguishing agents like water, foam, or gas to control or extinguish fires.
Fire Suppression Systems
4 Fire Detection and Alarm Systems (FDAS)
Smoke Detectors
Heat Detectors
Flame Detectors
Alarm and Contol Panels
These detectors sense smoke particles and trigger an alarm.
Smoke Detector
These detectors activates when a certain temperature threshold is reached.
Heat Detectors
These detectors identify flames using infrared or ultraviolet light.
Flame Detectors
These panels receive signals from detectors, activate alarms, and communicate with fire services.
Alarm Control Panels
Modern fire protection systems often combine passive and active components for a comprehensive approach.
Integrated Systems
5 Fire Suppression Systems
- Water-based Suppression System
- Chemical Foam Suppression System
- Pneumatic Heat Detection Tube
- Pressurized Gas System
- Foam Deluge System
One of the most commokn fire protection systems uses water to knock out fires. Water is housed in a reservoir and or connected to the water supply.
Water-based Suppression System
It’s more expensive than several other fire suppression systems and requires pipework and fittings madr from stainless steel.
Chemical Foam Suppression
It is an extunguisher with a fire detection system.
Pneumatic Heat Detectiom Tube
This is ideal for server rooms and other areas with high-end electronics. It’s compact since the gas is under pressure, and it doesn’t cause oxygen reduction.
Pressurized Gas System
It is used in areas where water suppression isn’t possible such as transformers and oil tanks. When a fire is detected, water mixes with the foam to expand it and fire.
Foam Deluge System
3 Evacuation Requirements
- Emergency Lighting
- Exit Signs
- Evacuation Plans
These lights are designed to provide illumination during power outages, guiding people to safety.
Emergency Lighting
These are crucial for fire protection systems to ensure their continued effectiveness and reliability.
Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance
BFP
Bureau of Fire Protection
DILG
Department of Interior and Local Government
NFPA
National Fire Protection Association
FCP
Fire Code of the Philippines
FSI
Fire Safety Inspector
FSCR
Fire Safety Compliance Report
FSEC
Fire Safety Evaluation Clearance
FSIC
Fire Safety Inspection Certificate
FSCCR
Fire Safety Compliance and Commissioning Report
A uniformed/non-uniformed personnel of the BFP responsible for fire safety inspection and assessment of fir hazards, whose function, duties and responsibilities are defined under Division 1, Chapter 2, Rule 8 of this RIRR.
FSI
A written report composed of plans, specifications and design analysis per building prepared by its Engineer/Architect-of-Record and Fire Safety Practitioner.
FSCR
A document issued by the BFP as a prerequisite for the grant of Building Permit by the Office of the Building Official having jurisdiction upon determination that the evaluated plans are conpliant with the RA 9514 and its RIRR.
FSEC
A document issued by the BFP as a prerequisite for the grant of certificate of Occupancy, Business Permit, Certificate of Annual Inspection from PEZA and other licenses and permits being issued by other government agencies…..
FSIC
A compilation of report of all approved submittals, test and acceptance forms of all fire protection and life safety features, which shall form part of the “as-built” documents turned over by the contractor to the building owner.
FSCCR
The road or other means developed to allow access and operational setup for firefighting and rescue apparatus.
Fire Department Access Road
A drvice used in heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) ducts to prevent the spread of fire or smoke inside the ductwork. It automatically closes upon detection of heat and smoke.
Damper
A passageway from one building to another, or through or around a wall in approximately the same floor level.
Horizontak Exit
A box or cabinet where fire hoses, valves and other equipment are stored and arranged for firefighting.
Fore Box
A cylindrical device turning in an axis around which a fire hose is wound and connected.
Hose Reel
Any piece of metal or an electrical conductor used to bypass a safety device in an electrical system.
Jumper
The purpose of which a building or portion thereof is used or intended to be used.
Occupancy
Any person actually occupying and using a buulding or portions thereof
Occupant
The maximum naumber of persons that may be allowed to occupy a particular building, structure, or facility, or portions hereof.
Occupant Load
2 Advancements in Fire Protection Technology
- Smart Fire Sprinkler Systems
- Integrated Voice Communication