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NGSS1 - Science 9 > Finals sem. 1 > Flashcards

Finals sem. 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is gravity?

A

universal force that causes attraction between everything in the universe

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2
Q

Gravity is a weak or strong force?

A

Weak

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3
Q

What is inverse square law

A

The force of gravity weakens based on the inverse square distance between the 2 objects

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4
Q

Equation for gravity?

A

G = 6.67 X 10^-11

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5
Q

equation for mechanical advantage

A

output force/input force

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6
Q

machine’s mechanical advantage is..?

A

the number of times a machine increases a force exerted on it

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7
Q

3 ways machines make work easier?

A

increasing force, increasing distance. changing direction

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8
Q

Why is work wasted in every single machine?

A

Because of friction

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9
Q

Equation for mechanical efficiency?

A

output/input x 100%

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10
Q

efficiency is always expressed in what unit

A

percentage

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11
Q

6 types of simple machines

A 
lever
pulley
inclined plane
wheel & axle
wedge 
screw
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12
Q

Unit for work & energy

A

joules

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13
Q

the greater the mass, the (greater or less?) the kinetic energy

A

greater

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14
Q

Equation for kinetic energy + unit answered

A

KE= 1/2 x mass x velocity ^ 2

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15
Q

a screw is a modified what?

A

incline plane

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16
Q

Where is a chemical energy found?

A

in the bonds of matter

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17
Q

mechanical energy is split in 2 types of energy.. what are those 2 energies

A

Kinetic & potential

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18
Q

which energy transfer is the most frequent

A

thermal energy

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19
Q

electromagnetic is split in 2 types of energy.. what are those 2 energies?

A

light & electricity

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20
Q

What is an electric charge?

A

property that causes subatomic particles to attract or repel each other

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21
Q

electric force

A

the force of attraction or repulsion between electrically charged objects

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22
Q

electric field

A

the effect an electric charge has on other charges in the space around

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23
Q

static electricity

A

study of the behavior of electric charges

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24
Q

induction

A

transfer of charge w/out contact between materials

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25
Q

electric current

A

continous flow of electric charge

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26
Q

direct current

A

charge flows in one direction

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27
Q

alternating current

A

charge that regularly reverses its direction

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28
Q

conductor

A

material which charge flows easily

29
Q

insulator

A

material which charge cannot flow easily

30
Q

resistance

A

opposition to the flow of charges

31
Q

superconductor

A

material that has almost 0 resistance when cooled to low temps

32
Q

example of superconductor

A

copper

33
Q

potential difference

A

difference in electric potential energy between 2 places in an electric field

34
Q

voltage

A

potential difference

35
Q

electric circuit

A

complete path through which charge can flow

36
Q

series circuit

A

charge only has one path through which it can flow

37
Q

parallel circuit

A

charge has multiple paths through it can flow

38
Q

what is an atom?

A

building blocks of matter

39
Q

what is an atom made of

A

protons + electrons

40
Q

extra e’’

A

negative charge

41
Q

removing e’’

A

positive chargeq

42
Q

what is static electricity made of?

A

buildup of surface electrons

43
Q

static electricity is what type of energy

A

potential

44
Q

how to discharge/move electrons in static electricity (3 ways)

A
  1. friction/rubbing 2 surfaces together
  2. conduction/ 2 touching surfaces
  3. induction through electrical field
45
Q

what is electric current measured in

A

amps

46
Q

what is electric currents controlled by

A

circuits

47
Q

what is resistance measured in

A

ohms

48
Q

what is a volt?

A

amount of energy in a current

49
Q

what is potential difference

A

how electric charges flow through a conductor

50
Q

electric potential = ?

A

voltage

51
Q

what is electric potential measured in?

A

volts

52
Q

what is coulombs law similar to?

A

universal gravitation

53
Q

current measured in?

A

amperes

54
Q

what is ohms law?

A

relationship between current, voltage & resistance

55
Q

what is the equation for current

A

A = voltage/resistance

56
Q

more resistance in what types of wire?

A

longer & thicker wires

57
Q

accelerattion due to gravity on earth?

A

9.8 m/s^2

58
Q

what two forces are both attractive?

a. gravity
b. ohms laws
c. voltage
d. electrical force

A

a & d

59
Q

ampere = ?

A

electric current

60
Q

voltage = ?

A

electric potential

61
Q

coulomb = ?

A

electric charge

62
Q

ohm =?

A

electric resistance (to flow)

63
Q

Equation for force + unit answered

A

Force = mass x acceleration, Newtons

64
Q

Equation for momentum + unit answered

A

momentum = mass x velocity, momentum

65
Q

What unit for mechanical advantage?

A

no unit

66
Q

Equation for work + unit answered

A

work = force x distance, Joules

67
Q

Equation for power + unit answered

A

power = work/time, watts

68
Q

Equation for gravitation potential energy + unit answered

A

gpe = mass x acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m/s^2) x height, no unit

NGSS1 - Science 9 (5 decks)

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