finals p2 Flashcards
Hitlers outcome
suicide
Human rights
-introduced after WWII that applied to race, gender, religion
-life, liberty, freedom to torture, opinion, expression, work, education
The purpose of the United Nations
-maintain world peace
-develop good relationships
-promote cooperation
-encourage respect for human rights
-provide international aid in solving issues around the world
Security Council (power, members)
-power: can veto general assembly resolutions
-members: visitors of WWII: France, Russia, UK, US, China
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
-UN document that was written after WWII that states that all human rights the world should follow
-in response to the holocaust
-Eleanor Roosevelt
-can’t be enforced
-cultural relativism
General Assembly
-policy making group on the UN
-all member states have equal representation
-resolutions can to vetoes by the security council
Balfour Declaration—cause and effect
-british document written during WWI that supported the creation of a separate jewish state
-Cause? Zionist movement
-Effect: appears that British government supports the creation of a jewish state, but they dont
UN partition plan—problems, role of Great Britain, why it is done
-plan to create a jewish and palestinian state
Why?: as an apology for the holocaust
Role of GB:
-After WWI, GB and France divided up the middle east into mandates
-After WWII, the UN decides to partition the land
Problems: The Jews got 55% of the land, yet represented 34% of the population
1948 Palestinian Refugee Crisis—Israeli view versus Palestinian view (why they left)
-After the partition it resulted in the Palestinian Refugee crisis (nakba: Disaster when palestinians fled their homes)
Israeli view of why the Palestinian left:
-encouraged to by arab leaders in the area
-Didn’t want to live under israeli view
-War
-leaders left
Palestinian view:
-Forced so political sovereignty could be achieved
David Ben-Gurion
-First Prime minister of Israel after the creation of Israel
-Sparked the Invasion of Israel with his declaration of independence
Zionism
movement to create an independent jewish state
1979 Islamic Revolution (Iranian Revolution)— effects (government)
-no more monarchy
there is a president and a legislature (rigged elections)
-real power in the council of guardians
-theocracy: government
-ruled by clerics
1979 Islamic Revolution (Iranian Revolution)—aftermath
political:
-women’s right are taken away
-Westernization: kicked out and replaced with traditional Islamic culture
-no more freedom of speech, press or assembly
-rigged elections
-Ayatollahs are in power
-still a secret police
Ayatollahs
Musilm Clerics
Ayatollah Khomeini:
-a high ranking muslim cleric
-urged Iranians to protest against the Shah
-supreme leader of Iran post revolution
European causes of conflicts
-Africas was left with unbalanced economies
-Manufactured good that were only useful to them
-Made boundaries that caused ethnic and cultural divisions
-governments cared more about the mother country and not the people
European reasons for leaving or being forced out
-European nations could not afford colonies
-Europe could not keep colonies and say that governments like Hiter were wrong
-The UN was opposed to colonies
-Europe was confronted with nationalist movements
-Europe was confronted with a generation that had been Western educated
Apartheid
racial segregation in South Africa
African National Congress (ANC)—goal
-wanted to end apartheid
-political party in south africa that became banned
-leader was Nelson Mandella
-they wanted to win seats in parliament in order to end apartheid
Aspects of apartheid (political, economic, social)
Political:
-Blacks could not vote
-Black south africans could not run for office
-black south africans had to carry passbooks that limited freedom
Economic:
-Black south africans could not strike
-black south africans were restricted from certain certain occupations
-black south africans could only work in designated areas
Social:
-Black south africans had to carry passbook that restricted their movement
-relationships between races was prohibited
-segregation
Causes and processes for ending apartheid
-nelson mandela and other ANC leaders were removed from prison
-make ANC legal
-ANC won the majority of seats in the next election
-Nelson mandela became the first black president of south africa
end of legal apartheid
Struggles of developing African nations
-Ethnic strike
-depletion of resources
-collapsing economies
Common features of decolonization in Africa
-civil war
-military dictatorships
-gained independence in 1960’s
-violence
-unstable governments
Push factors of migration
-War
-Corrupt governments
-Political oppression
-Hope for a better life
-Natural disasters
UNHCR
-means: United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
-Helps refugees
-Creates refugee camps, shelter, food, water, and medical care
Refugee camps (challenges)
-Overcrowding
-Limited food, water, and medicine
-Poor living conditions
-Lack of funding ($)
How refugees are entering Europe
-Smuggler ships
-Walking
European response to the Syrian Refugee Crisis
-Rejected them
-Built border fences
-Police violence
Putin’s reasons for invading Ukraine
-Putin invaded and took over Crimea in 2014 and no one stopped him
-Putin claimed he did not feel safe because Ukraine had become pro-West and he cant have another NATO country on his border
Russia’s success in Ukraine (area of control)
east
Putin’s war crimes
-Attacked apartment buildings, theaters, and hospitals
-Torturing prisoners of war
-Kidnapping of children and bringing them to Russia
-Mass killings (mass burial sites) and rape
Western response to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine
-Sanctions against Russia
-Stop dependence on Russian gas
-Sending weapons to Ukraine
-War trials
-Welcoming to Ukrainian refugees
Countries that are accepting Ukrainians (largest #s)
Germany
Ukrainian fighting strategy
guerilla tactics
European response to the Ukrainian Refugee Crisis
-accepting them
-passports are not being required
-Allowed to stay for 3 years without applying for a visa
-getting all welfare benefits
Why is Ukraine different from Syria?
associate the ukrainians as refugees versus the syrians as migrants
Causes of migrant crisis
War and political instability in Middle East, Africa, and Ukraine
Impact of migrant crisis in Europe
-Great Britain left the EU
-Election of right-wing politicians (conservative)
-Anti-immigration policies towards the Middle East
Humanitarian concerns with the migrant crisis (migrants and europe)
To the migrants:
-The crossings in smuggler ships and on land
To Europe:
-They will be stressed out economically and socially
