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1
Q

Treaty of Versailles: Impact On Germany:

A

-Took the blame for the war
-Had to pay reparations
-Had to reduce their Army and Navy
-Lost their colonies
-Desire for revenge

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2
Q

Treaty of Versailles: Impact On militarism:

A

-Militarism of the Rhineland by Hitler (open troop movement on the border of France)
-German Rearmament

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3
Q

Treaty of Versailles: Impact On alliances:

A

-Nazi-Soviet non-aggression pact
-Tripartite pact

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4
Q

Treaty of Versailles: Impact On Nationalism:

A

TofV humiliated the German people so they wanted revenge, they listened to Hitler and his call for nationalism

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5
Q

Treaty of Versailles: Impact On Imperialism:

A

-Germany lost all their colonies
-Germany and Italy were not given promised colonies
-Invasion of Manchuria by Japan for Raw materials
-Mussolini’s takeover of Ethiopia

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6
Q

Treaty of Versailles: Impact On Appeasement:

A

-GB and France were not prepared for another war
-GB and France ultimately felt bad about the treaty so it allowed Italy, Japan, and Germany to violate it

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7
Q

Weimar Republic (type of government, problems)

A

-Republic,
-Reichstag, President, and Chancellor
Problems:
-Hyperinflation
-Large number of Political Parties
-Lack of democratic traditions

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8
Q

Hyperinflation causes

A

-Germany stopped repayment of the war reparations
-French and Belgium troops invaded the Ruhr Valley
-German government ordered their people to go on strike
-German government printed money which resulted in devaluation of the currency

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9
Q

Hyperinflation Effects

A

-Restaurants could not print prices on the menu
-bartering was common
-mass homelessness
-pensions became worthless
-people were paid by the hour
-savings were wiped out

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10
Q

Rise of Hitler and Mussolini

A

-Their parties are voted into office
-They win elections granting them more seats
-Once they have the majority of seats, they change the constitution to grant them dictator powers

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11
Q

Mein Kampf

A

-Written by Hitler in jail
-Details his ideology and anti-sematic beliefs

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12
Q

Aspects of a dictator

A

-Wanted to take over other countries
-Absolute power
-Take away the citizens power
-Sometimes control the economy

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13
Q

General rise of dictators to power

A

-Spread propaganda
-Attacked any who opposed
-Rigged elections
-Poor economy
-Weak previous leadership
-Promote nationalism
-Fear of other political parties gaining power

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14
Q

Appeasement

A

Giving into an aggressor to keep peace

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15
Q

Japan’s aggression towards China

A

LofN did nothing when Japan invaded Manchuria

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16
Q

German occupation of the Rhineland

A

LofN did nothing when Hitler militarized the Rhineland

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17
Q

Neville Chamberlain

A

Led the Munich Conference

18
Q

Munich Conference

A

Gave Hitler the Rhineland in exchange for Hitler no longer invading other countries

19
Q

WWII: causes of militarism

A

-Invasion of Manchuria
-German Rearmament of the Rhineland
-Militarism of the Rhineland by Hitler (open troop movement on the border of France)
-Hitlers invasion of Austria, Sudenland, Czechoslovakia, Poland

20
Q

WWII: causes of alliances

A

-Germany and Italy supported Franco in the Spanish civil war
-Nazi-Soviet non-aggression pact
-Tripartite pact (axis powers)

21
Q

WWII: causes of nationalism

A

-Hitler took over Austria because he viewed them as German
-Hitler took over the Sudenland because of its large German speaking population

22
Q

WWII: causes of Imperialism

A

-Invasion of Manchuria by Japan for Raw materials (GB was ok with it because they did not want Japan to go after their colonies)
-Mussolini’s takeover of Ethiopia

23
Q

WWII: causes of appeasement

A

-LofN did nothing when Japan invaded Manchuria
-LofN was ignored when italy invaded Ethiopia
-LofN did nothing when Hitler militarized the Rhineland
-Munich Conference gave Hitler the Rhineland

24
Q

Blitzkrieg

A

-lightning war
-sent in planes and paratroopers followed by tanks and troops

25
Charles de Gaulle
French General who led the resistance movement from London
26
Miracle of Dunkirk
-Germany trapped British and French troops in Dunkirk -While the troops were waiting for evacuation, they were being bombed by the German planes -British sent an improvised armada to rescue their troops
27
Winston Churchill
-The Prime Minister of GB during WWII -Came to power when Neville Chamberlain failed with appeasement at the Munich Conference
28
Battle of Britain
German Plan: -cut off supplies and fight in the air -crush morale by bombing important cities Churchill’s strategy: -increase planes -use radar
29
How the British prepared
-increased plane production -blackouts -street signs were changed -shelter in subway stations -children sent to the countryside for safety -gas masks -propaganda (keep calm and carry on)
30
Operation Barbarossa
-Germany's code name for the invasion of Russia -violated the Nazi-Soviet non Aggression pact Why did Hitler invade Russia: -because Hitler had failed at taking GB -wanted to expand in the East -hated communist who he thought were Jewish -he thought Slavic people were sub-human Russian Strategy: Scorched Earth Policy
31
Stalingrad
-German surrounded the city, and Russians surrounded the Germans -Germans surrendered because he had no food, ammunition, and was trapped
32
Franklin Roosevelt
-President of the US during most of WWII -Asked congress to declare war on Japan due to their attack on Pearl Harbor -infamy
33
D-Day
-Allied bomber flew constant missions over Germany -Paratroopers were dropped behind enemy lines -Germany thought the landing would be somewhere else, Hitler was sleeping, German general was at his wife's birthday -significance: Allied troops back in France and now Germany was on defense with a 2 front war (Russia, France)
34
Dwight D. Eisenhower
Supreme allied commander who planned D-Day
35
U.S. use of the atomic bomb
-Would end the war quickly -Dropped twice before Japan surrendered
36
Kristallnacht
-Night of broken glass -Germans attacked Jewish towns -caused by a murder of a German by a Jew -Significance: government sanctioned violence against the Jews -Nazi’s then started to send them to concentration camps
37
Genocide
Mass extinction of a certain group
38
Nuremberg Laws of 1935
-It was a way to legally put anti-semitism into law Politically: Jews could not display the German flag or vote Economically: Jews could not work for the government or do medicine, law, entertainment, accountants Socially: Jews could not marry Germans -employ young German women -were restricted from German universities
39
Ghettos
-an area of a city occupied by a minority group -Warsaw ghetto was the largest during the holocaust
40
Acts against the Jews by the Nazis
-mass burials -starvation -gas chambers -torture -experiments -theft of possessions -separation of families -mass murder
41
Final Solution to holocaust
German plan to murder all Jews of Europe and those they consider inferior
42
Nuremberg Trials—significance, defense
-Trials against the nazis after the end of WWII -Significance: first ever trial in history that charged people with war crimes Defense: -ex post facto law (it wasn’t a crime when they committed it) -ordered to do it -trials violated national sovereignty -mental illness -victors justice

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