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finals Flashcards

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1
Q

Treaty of Versailles: Impact On Germany:

A

-Took the blame for the war
-Had to pay reparations
-Had to reduce their Army and Navy
-Lost their colonies
-Desire for revenge

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2
Q

Treaty of Versailles: Impact On militarism:

A

-Militarism of the Rhineland by Hitler (open troop movement on the border of France)
-German Rearmament

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3
Q

Treaty of Versailles: Impact On alliances:

A

-Nazi-Soviet non-aggression pact
-Tripartite pact

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4
Q

Treaty of Versailles: Impact On Nationalism:

A

TofV humiliated the German people so they wanted revenge, they listened to Hitler and his call for nationalism

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5
Q

Treaty of Versailles: Impact On Imperialism:

A

-Germany lost all their colonies
-Germany and Italy were not given promised colonies
-Invasion of Manchuria by Japan for Raw materials
-Mussolini’s takeover of Ethiopia

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6
Q

Treaty of Versailles: Impact On Appeasement:

A

-GB and France were not prepared for another war
-GB and France ultimately felt bad about the treaty so it allowed Italy, Japan, and Germany to violate it

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7
Q

Weimar Republic (type of government, problems)

A

-Republic,
-Reichstag, President, and Chancellor
Problems:
-Hyperinflation
-Large number of Political Parties
-Lack of democratic traditions

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8
Q

Hyperinflation causes

A

-Germany stopped repayment of the war reparations
-French and Belgium troops invaded the Ruhr Valley
-German government ordered their people to go on strike
-German government printed money which resulted in devaluation of the currency

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9
Q

Hyperinflation Effects

A

-Restaurants could not print prices on the menu
-bartering was common
-mass homelessness
-pensions became worthless
-people were paid by the hour
-savings were wiped out

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10
Q

Rise of Hitler and Mussolini

A

-Their parties are voted into office
-They win elections granting them more seats
-Once they have the majority of seats, they change the constitution to grant them dictator powers

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11
Q

Mein Kampf

A

-Written by Hitler in jail
-Details his ideology and anti-sematic beliefs

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12
Q

Aspects of a dictator

A

-Wanted to take over other countries
-Absolute power
-Take away the citizens power
-Sometimes control the economy

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13
Q

General rise of dictators to power

A

-Spread propaganda
-Attacked any who opposed
-Rigged elections
-Poor economy
-Weak previous leadership
-Promote nationalism
-Fear of other political parties gaining power

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14
Q

Appeasement

A

Giving into an aggressor to keep peace

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15
Q

Japan’s aggression towards China

A

LofN did nothing when Japan invaded Manchuria

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16
Q

German occupation of the Rhineland

A

LofN did nothing when Hitler militarized the Rhineland

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17
Q

Neville Chamberlain

A

Led the Munich Conference

18
Q

Munich Conference

A

Gave Hitler the Rhineland in exchange for Hitler no longer invading other countries

19
Q

WWII: causes of militarism

A

-Invasion of Manchuria
-German Rearmament of the Rhineland
-Militarism of the Rhineland by Hitler (open troop movement on the border of France)
-Hitlers invasion of Austria, Sudenland, Czechoslovakia, Poland

20
Q

WWII: causes of alliances

A

-Germany and Italy supported Franco in the Spanish civil war
-Nazi-Soviet non-aggression pact
-Tripartite pact (axis powers)

21
Q

WWII: causes of nationalism

A

-Hitler took over Austria because he viewed them as German
-Hitler took over the Sudenland because of its large German speaking population

22
Q

WWII: causes of Imperialism

A

-Invasion of Manchuria by Japan for Raw materials (GB was ok with it because they did not want Japan to go after their colonies)
-Mussolini’s takeover of Ethiopia

23
Q

WWII: causes of appeasement

A

-LofN did nothing when Japan invaded Manchuria
-LofN was ignored when italy invaded Ethiopia
-LofN did nothing when Hitler militarized the Rhineland
-Munich Conference gave Hitler the Rhineland

24
Q

Blitzkrieg

A

-lightning war
-sent in planes and paratroopers followed by tanks and troops

25
Q

Charles de Gaulle

A

French General who led the resistance movement from London

26
Q

Miracle of Dunkirk

A

-Germany trapped British and French troops in Dunkirk
-While the troops were waiting for evacuation, they were being bombed by the German planes
-British sent an improvised armada to rescue their troops

27
Q

Winston Churchill

A

-The Prime Minister of GB during WWII
-Came to power when Neville Chamberlain failed with appeasement at the Munich Conference

28
Q

Battle of Britain

A

German Plan:
-cut off supplies and fight in the air
-crush morale by bombing important cities
Churchill’s strategy:
-increase planes
-use radar

29
Q

How the British prepared

A

-increased plane production
-blackouts
-street signs were changed
-shelter in subway stations
-children sent to the countryside for safety
-gas masks
-propaganda (keep calm and carry on)

30
Q

Operation Barbarossa

A

-Germany’s code name for the invasion of Russia
-violated the Nazi-Soviet non Aggression pact
Why did Hitler invade Russia:
-because Hitler had failed at taking GB
-wanted to expand in the East
-hated communist who he thought were Jewish
-he thought Slavic people were sub-human
Russian Strategy: Scorched Earth Policy

31
Q

Stalingrad

A

-German surrounded the city, and Russians surrounded the Germans
-Germans surrendered because he had no food, ammunition, and was trapped

32
Q

Franklin Roosevelt

A

-President of the US during most of WWII
-Asked congress to declare war on Japan due to their attack on Pearl Harbor
-infamy

33
Q

D-Day

A

-Allied bomber flew constant missions over Germany
-Paratroopers were dropped behind enemy lines
-Germany thought the landing would be somewhere else, Hitler was sleeping, German general was at his wife’s birthday
-significance: Allied troops back in France and now Germany was on defense with a 2 front war (Russia, France)

34
Q

Dwight D. Eisenhower

A

Supreme allied commander who planned D-Day

35
Q

U.S. use of the atomic bomb

A

-Would end the war quickly
-Dropped twice before Japan surrendered

36
Q

Kristallnacht

A

-Night of broken glass
-Germans attacked Jewish towns
-caused by a murder of a German by a Jew
-Significance: government sanctioned violence against the Jews
-Nazi’s then started to send them to concentration camps

37
Q

Genocide

A

Mass extinction of a certain group

38
Q

Nuremberg Laws of 1935

A

-It was a way to legally put anti-semitism into law
Politically: Jews could not display the German flag
or vote
Economically: Jews could not work for the government
or do medicine, law, entertainment, accountants
Socially: Jews could not marry Germans
-employ young German women
-were restricted from German universities

39
Q

Ghettos

A

-an area of a city occupied by a minority group
-Warsaw ghetto was the largest during the holocaust

40
Q

Acts against the Jews by the Nazis

A

-mass burials
-starvation
-gas chambers
-torture
-experiments
-theft of possessions
-separation of families
-mass murder

41
Q

Final Solution to holocaust

A

German plan to murder all Jews of Europe and those they consider inferior

42
Q

Nuremberg Trials—significance, defense

A

-Trials against the nazis after the end of WWII
-Significance: first ever trial in history that charged people with war crimes
Defense:
-ex post facto law (it wasn’t a crime when they committed it)
-ordered to do it
-trials violated national sovereignty
-mental illness
-victors justice

history (2 decks)

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