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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE > FINALS COVERAGE > Flashcards

FINALS COVERAGE Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease

A

HEALTH

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2
Q

A deletrious change in the body’s condition in response to an environmental factor that could be nutritional, chemical, biological or psychological

A

DISEASE

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3
Q

4 Factors that cause morbidity and mortality of a person

A
  • DIET AND NUTRITION
  • STRESS
  • INFECTIOUS ORGANISMS
  • TOXIC CHEMICALS
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4
Q

Refers to physical, chemical, or emotional factors that place a strain on an organism for which there is inadequate adaptation

A

STRESS

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5
Q

Is 43% of all disease deaths annually

A

INFECTIOUS ORGANISMS

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6
Q

Pneumonia, tuberculosis, influenza, whopping cough, cause more deaths worldwide

A

RESPIRATORY DISEASES

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6
Q

Diarrhea, dysentery, and cholera, are caused by bacteria or protozoans. Caused by poor nutrition, poor sanitation, immune system

A

GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS

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6
Q

Bacteria that causes diseases. They can enter food supply (food borne illnesses) that cause nausea, vomiting, fever, diarrhea

A

PATHOGENS

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7
Q

Transmitted by mosquitoes

A

MALARIA/DENGUE/FILARIASIS

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8
Q

Transmitted by the bite of black flies

A

ONCHOCERCIASIS

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9
Q

An eye disease caused by bacterium found where sanitation is poor

A

TRACHOMA

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10
Q

Hookworm & Roundworms

A

PARASITIC NEMATODES

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11
Q

Can live for a year while growing up to 3 ft. in length

A

GUINEA WORMS

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12
Q

Disease never known before or one that has been absent for at least 20 years. Ex. Ebola

A

EMERGENT DISEASE

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12
Q

Spread by contact with certain bodily fluids of a person with HIV, commonly during unprotected sex or through sharing injection drug equipment

A

HIV/AIDS

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13
Q

Means dangerous, flammable, explosive, irritants, acids, & caustics

A

HAZARDOUS

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14
Q

Are poisonous, react with a specific cellular component to kill cells.

A

TOXINS

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14
Q

Are corrosives, caustics. Ex. sulfuric acids, ammonia, nitric acid, sodium hydroxide, fumes of metals

A

IRRITANTS

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14
Q

A special class of irritants that damage the lungs, causing scar tissue formation that lowers respiratory capacity

A

RESPIRATORY FIBROTIC AGENTS

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14
Q

Chemicals & radiation that damage or alter genetic material in cells, can lead to birth defects

A

MUTAGENS

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15
Q

Type of radiation that has the largest mass of all forms of radiation. They are positively charged. They can travel only a few centimeters in air. Cannot penetrate skin, but when inhaled, can damage the cells and their chromosomes

A

ALPHA RADIATION

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15
Q

Pure nitrogen, methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen cyanide.

A

ASPHYXIANTS

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15
Q

Attack nerves. Examples are ether, chloroform, heavy metals

A

NEUROTOXINS

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16
Q

Negatively charged particles emitted from nuclei. They are lighter than alpha particles and capable of penetrating a 1 millimeter lead plate. They can cause skin cancer and eye cataract

A

BETA RADIATION

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17
Q

High energy form of radiation. Do not have mass and charge. Can travel hundreds of meters in the air. Easily penetrates the body and can penetrate lead or walls of cement

A

GAMMA RADIATION

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17
Q

Sources of radiation

A

ANTHROPOGENIC SOURCES, NATURAL SOURCES

17
Q

Cite at least 5 probably effects of radiation on humans

A
  • NAUSEA AND VOMITING
  • ANEMIA
  • BURNS
  • HEART DISEASE
  • CANCER
  • CATARACT/BLINDNESS
  • DEATH
17
Q

The most visible form of land pollution

A

SOLID WASTES POLLUTION

18
Q

Solid wastes are also known as…

A

“REFUSE”

19
Q

The most common way of disposing solid waste

A

OPEN DUMPSITE SYSTEM

20
Q

Effects of Garbage/Land Pollution

A

EROSION AND FLOODING, PERIL’S ON PEOPLE’S HEALTH

21
Q

Provides the legal framework for the country’s systematic, comprehensive, and ecological solid waste management program that shall ensure protection of public health and the environment

A

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9003 OR THE “ECOLOGICAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT ACT”

22
Q

Causes of water pollution

A
  • DISEASE-CAUSING AGENTS
  • OXYGEN DEMANDING WASTES
  • WATER SOLUBLE INORGANIC CHEMICALS
  • INORGANIC PLANT NUTRIENTS
23
Q

A strong poison that is taken by small fishes and other living animals when discharged from industrial plant into rivers and streams

A

MERCURY

24
Q

Aims to protect the countries water bodies from pollution from land-based sources.

A

THE PHILIPPINE CLEAN WATER ACT OF 2004 (REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9275)

24
Q

Cadmium poisoning can cause ________ where bones become brittle

A

ITAI-ITAI

25
Q

An undesirable charge in the physical, chemical, or biological characteristics of an ecosystem that injures and kills living organisms & makes part of the ecosystem unfit for use

A

POLLUTION

26
Q

Product of incomplete combustion

A

CARBON MONOXIDE

27
Q

The maximum allowable carbon monoxide concentration for healthy workers

A

50 mg/l

28
Q

Can be formed from respiration and burning of fossil fuels

A

CARBON DIOXIDE

29
Q

When a coal and oil are burned for heat and power, this is produced as a by product in process

A

SULFUR OXIDES

30
Q

Produced by any combustion process that occurs in air

A

NITROGEN OXIDE

31
Q

Is known as killer ozone

A

CHLOROFLOUROCARBON (CFC)

32
Q

An act providing for a comprehensive air pollution control policy and for other purposes

A

CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1999 (R.A. NO. 8749)

32
Q

It is considered a pollutant when it is present in an amount and intensify that causes psychological stress and physiological damage

A

NOISE

33
Q

Unit of sound measurment

A

DECIBEL

34
Q

A type of smoking that the smoker inhales the smoke by itself

A

ACTIVE

35
Q

Inhaling the smoke by non-smoker

A

PASSIVE

36
Q

Comes from the lungs of people exhaling smoke

A

EXHALED MAINSTREAM SMOKE

37
Q

Wafts coming from burning tip of cigarette. More dangerous because it does not pass any filtration

A

SIDE STREAM SMOKE

38
Q

Alcohol that is present in beer and wine

A

ETHYL ALCOHOL, GRAIN ALCOHOL

39
Q

A chronic disorder characterized by an uncontrollable need to drink alcoholic beverages

A

ALCOHOLISM

40
Q

Bacteria that can cause food poisoning

A

CLOSTRIDIUM BOTOLINUM

41
Q

Contains aflatoxin which can cause liver cancer

A

PEANUT/PEANUT BUTTER

42
Q

Present in hairspray

A

CHLOROFLOUROCARBON (CFC)

43
Q

Used for breast enlargment

A

SILICONE

44
Q

Present in shampoo, creams, ointments can cause allergic contact dermatitis

A

LANOLIN

45
Q

Present in lipstick

A

LEAD

46
Q

Dye used in lipstick can cause lip dermatitis

A

EOSIN

47
Q

Liquid monomer in artificial fingernails can cause allergy

A

METHYL METHACRYLATE

48
Q

Present in nail polish

A

TOLUENE

49
Q

Present in perfume

A

PSORALEN

50
Q

Mercury poisoning

A

MINAMATA DISEASE

51
Q

Poisoning caused by eating contaminated fish

A

PARALYTIC SHELLFISH POISONING

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (8 decks)

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