Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chemistry > Finals Chapter 1-4 > Flashcards

Finals Chapter 1-4 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards AP® Chemistry flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
0
Q

5 layers of earths atmosphere

A

troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What is a chemical?

A

Any substance that has a definite composition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

CFC’s

A

chlorofluorocarbons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

chemistry

A

the study of matter and the changes it undergoes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

matter

A

anything that has mass and takes up space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

mass

A

measurement that reflects the amount of matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

weight

A

measurement of the amount of matter and effect of earths gravitational pull on that matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

scientific method

A

systematic approach used in scientific study

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

qualitative data

A

information that relates to the five senses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

quantitative data

A

numerical information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

hypothesis

A

tentative explanation for what has been observed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

experiment

A

set of controlled observations that test the hypothesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

independent variable

A

the variable that you plan to change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

dependent variable

A

changes in response to the independent variable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

control

A

standard for comparison

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

model

A

visual or verbal explanation of experimental data

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

theory

A

explanation that has been supported by many many experiments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

scientific law

A

relationship in nature that is supported by many experiments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

pure research

A

seeks to gain knowledge for the sake of knowledge itself

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

applied reserach

A

research undertaken to solve a specific problem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

technology

A

practical use of scientific information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

base unit

A

defined unit in a system of measurement based on an object or event in the physical world

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

second

A

SI unit for time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

meter

A

SI base unit for lengh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

kilogram

A

SI base unit for mass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

derived unit

A

unit that is defined by a combination of base units

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

liter

A

metric unit for volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

density

A

ratio that compares the mass of object to its volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

kelvin

A

SI base unit for temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

scientific notation

A

a number between and 1-10, ten raised to a power

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

conversion factor

A

ratio of equivalent. always =1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

accuracy

A

how close a measured value is to an accepted value

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

precision

A

how close a series of measurements are to one another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

percent error

A

the ratio of an error to an accepted value

percent error= error/accepted value x 100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

graph

A

visual display of data

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

giga

A

10^9

36
Q

mega

A

10^6

37
Q

kilo

A

10^3

38
Q

deci

A

10^-1

39
Q

centi

A

10^-2

1/100

40
Q

milli

A

10^-3

1/1000

41
Q

micro

A

10^-6

42
Q

nano

A

10^-9

43
Q

pico

A

10^-12

44
Q

substance

A

matter that a uniform and unchanging composition

45
Q

physical property

A

characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the samples composition

46
Q

extensive properties

A

dependant of the amount of substance present (ex. mass)

47
Q

intensive properties

A

independent of the amount of substance (ex. density)

48
Q

chemical property

A

the ability of a substance to combine with or change into one or more other substances

49
Q

states of matter

A

all mater that exists on earth can be classified as one of these physical forms called states of matter

50
Q

solid

A

form of matter with its own definite shape and volume

51
Q

liquid

A

form of matter that flows, has a constant volume, and takes the shape of its container

52
Q

gas

A

form of matte that flows to conform to the shape of its container and fills the entire volume of its container

53
Q

vapor

A

gaseous state of a substance that is liquid or solid at room temperature

54
Q

physical change

A

changes that alter a substance with out changing its composition

55
Q

chemical change

A

process that involves one or more substances changing into new substances

56
Q

law of conservation of mass

A

mass is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction

57
Q

mixture

A

combination of two or more substances

58
Q

heterogeneous

A

can see the difference

59
Q

homogeneous

A

cant see the diffrence. solution

60
Q

filtration

A

technique that uses a porous barrier to separate solid from liquid

61
Q

distillation

A

separation using boiling points

62
Q

element

A

pure substance that can not be separated into simpler substances

63
Q

Compound

A

Combination of two or more different elements combined chemically

64
Q

Law of definite proportions

A

Regardless the amount, a compound is always composed of the same elements in the same proportion by mass

65
Q

Percent by mass

A

Ratio of the mass of each element to the total mass of the compound

66
Q

Law of multiple proportions

A

When different compounds are formed by a combination of the same elements, different masses of one element combine with the same relative mass of the other element in a ratio of small whole numbers

67
Q

Dalton’s atomic theory

A

All matter is composed of small particles called atoms

68
Q

Atom

A

Smallest particle of an elements that retains the properties of the element

69
Q

Cathode ray

A

Ray of radiation originated from the cathode end of the tube

70
Q

Electrons

A

Negatively charged particles that are part of all forms of matter

71
Q

Nucleus

A

Tiny dense region in the center of an atom that contained all of an atoms positive charge and virtually all it’s mass

72
Q

Proton

A

A subatomic particle carrying a positive charge

73
Q

Neutron

A

Subatomic particle carrying no charge

74
Q

Atomic number

A

Number of protons in an atom

75
Q

Isotope

A

Atom with same number of protons but different number of neutrons

76
Q

Mass number

A

Sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus

77
Q

Atomic mass number

A

Defined as 1/12 the mass of a carbon -12 atom

78
Q

Atomic mass

A

Weighed average mass of the isotopes of that element

79
Q

Nuclear reactions

A

Reactions that involve a charge in an atoms nucleus

80
Q

Radioactivity

A

Spontaneously emitted radiation

81
Q

Radiation

A

Rays and particles emitted by radioactive material

82
Q

Radioactive decay

A

Unstable nuclei lose energy by emitting radiation

83
Q

Alpha radiation

A

Radiation deflected toward the negatively charged plate

84
Q

Alpha particles

A

2+ charge

85
Q

Nuclear equation

A

Shows the atomic number and mass number of particles involved

86
Q

Beta radiation

A

Radiation deflected towards positively charge plate

87
Q

Beta particles

A

1- charge

88
Q

Gamma rays

A

High energy radiation that possess no charge

Chemistry (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions