FINALS Flashcards
The Philippine Correctional System has two (2) approaches, namely:
INSTITUTIONAL AND NON-INSTITUTIONAL CORRECTION
The Institution-based approach has three (3) levels
- NATIONAL LEVEL
- PROVINCIAL AND SUB-PROVINCIAL LEVEL
- DISTRICT, CITY, AND MUNICIPAL LEVEL
There are three (3) Executive Departments that supervise and control the numerous institutional facilities nationwide, which provide incarceration and rehabilitation to offenders. These are:
- DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (DOJ)
- DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT (DILG)
- DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WELFARE AND DEVELOPMENT (DSWD)
The DOJ supervise and control the _____
BUREAU OF CORRECTIONS
The DILG supervise and control the _____
BUREAU OF JAIL MANAGEMENT AND PENOLOGY
The DSWD supervise and control the _____
YOUTH DETENTION HOMES / CHILDREN IN CONFLICT WITH THE LAW (CICL)
The Community-Based approach has _____
- PROBATION
- PAROLE
- CONDITIONAL PAROLE
- RELEASE ON RECOGNIZANCE (ROR)
Offenders found guilty and sentenced by the courts for confinement are categorized based on their length of sentence into either a municipal, city, provincial or national prisoner and they will be sent accordingly to either a municipal, city, provincial or national prison facilities based on these categorizations.
INSITUTION-BASED CORRECTIONAL PRACTICE
Is an administrative device of correctional institutions of providing varied and flexible types of physical plants for more effective custody, security and control of the treatment programs of its diversified population. It also refers to the principle of separating homogenous type of prisoners that requires special treatment and custody.
DIVERSIFICATION
Is a method by which diagnosis, treatment planning and execution of the treatment programs are coordinated in the individual case study. It is a process of determining the needs and requirement of prisoners for assigning them to programs according to their needs and existing resources.
CLASSIFICATION
Classification procedures are:
- DIAGNOSIS
- TREATMENT PLANNING
- EXECUTION OF THE TREATMENT PROGRAM
- RE-CLASSIFICATION
Wherein prisoner’s case history is taken and his personality is being studied through examination and observations.
DIAGNOSIS
Is the formulation of tentative treatment program suited for the prisoners.
TREATMENT PLANNING
Is the application of the treatment programs and policies by the classification committee.
EXECUTION OF THE TREATMENT PROGRAM
Treatment program is kept current with the inmates changing needs.
RE-CLASSIFICATION
Involves safety measures to maintain the orderliness and discipline within the jail or prison.
SECURITY
Involves supervision of prisoners to ensure punctual and orderly movement from one place work program or assignment to another.
CONTROL
Is the state of good order and behavior. It includes maintenance of good standard of works, sanitation, safety, education, health, and recreation. It aims at self- reliance, self-control, self-respect and self-discipline.
PRISON DISCIPLINE
Is the prompt correction of minor deviations committed by prisoners before they become serious violations.
PREVENTIVE DISCIPLINE
Is the guarding or penal safekeeping, it involves security measures to ensure security and control within the prison. The Prison Custodial Division carries it out. This division is also charged of all matters pertaining to the custody of the prisoners and security of the institution.
CUSTODY
Are also referred to under the law as Insular prisoners. They are those whose sentence is for more than three years and are sent to BUCOR.
NATIONAL PRISONERS
Those sentenced to six months and one day up to three years of imprisonment are categorized as _____ and sent to serve in the provincial jails having jurisdiction of their sentence.
PROVINCIAL PRISONERS
An offender sentenced up to six months in prison is categorized as a _____ and will serve time at the jail of the municipality where the offender is convicted.
MUNICIPAL PRISONERS
Those who were convicted in city courts and sentenced to a maximum of three years will be sent to serve their time in _____.
CITY JAILS
Sentenced youth offenders are sent to Regional Rehabilitation Centers operated by the _____.
DSWD
The Courts and entities authorized to commit a person to prison and jails are:
- SUPREME COURT
- COURT OF APPEALS
- REGIONAL TRIAL COURT
- METROPOLITAN/MUNICIPAL TRIAL COURT
- MUNICIPAL CIRCUIT TRIAL COURT
- BOARD OF TRANSPORTATION
- DEPORTATION BOARD
- COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS\
- NATIONAL PROSECUTION SERVICE
- POLICE AUTHORITIES
- ALL OTHER ADMINISTRATIVE BODIES AS MAY BE AUTHORIZED BY THE LAW
Convicts committed to the BUCOR for confinement are brought for admission at the _____.
RECEPTION AND DIAGNOSTIC CENTER (RDC)
Will classify inmate as to security status, which are: maximum, medium or minimum security.
CLASSIFICATION BOARD
One special facility that needs to be discussed separately so as to allow us to understand more fully is the death row where inmates will be released to another world if and when the sentence is carried out. Furthermore, the death penalty has sparked so much controversy not only in this country but worldwide. But considering the economic vulnerability of our country, the divisiveness posed by carrying out executions tends to aggravate and further divide our already divided society.
THE DEATH ROW
Are those sentenced to death, 20 years minimum sentence, remand inmates or detainees with 20 years minimum sentence, sentence under review by the Supreme Court, sentence under appeal, those with pending cases, recidivists, habitual delinquents and escapees, those under disciplinary punishment or safekeeping, and those who are criminally insane or with severe personality or emotional disorders and are a danger to others.
MAXIMUM SECURITY INMATES
(Considered the Super Maximum Compound of the Bureau of Correction) where incorrigible prisoners from the maximum compound where being placed and separated for intense disciplinary approaches.
BUILDING 14
Are those with less than 20 years sentence, remand inmates or detainees below 20 years sentence, 18 years old and below regardless of case sentence, those who have 2 or more escape records but have served five years since recommitment, and those sentenced to life imprisonment who have served five years since recommitment, and those with one record of escape but have served five years since recommitment, and those sentenced to life imprisonment who have served at least 5 years as maximum security and upon recommendation of the Superintendent.
MEDIUM SECURITY INMATES
Are those with severe physical handicap as certified by the chief prison medical officer, 65 years old and above and not on appeal or without pending case; those who have served at least ½ of their minimum sentence or 1/3 of their maximum sentence excluding Good Conduct and Time Allowance (GCTA), and those with only 6 months to serve before expiration of maximum sentence.
MINIMUM SECURITY INMATES
Was the brainchild of the late Dr. Cicero Campos whos was the first President of the Philippine Public Safety College (PPSC). The ten proposed project was first brought to the attention of the United Nations Asia and Far East Institute (UNAFEI) Filipino Alumni by Assistant Chief State Prosecutor Severino Gana Jr. of the Department of Justice (DOJ) and member of Asia Crime Prevention Philippines, Inc. (ACPPI). In turn, Mr. Shikita made a request to the Nagoya West Lions Club (NWLC), an ardent supporter of ACPF in all of its activities to help shoulder the cost of the incipient project.
PHILIPPINES-JAPAN HALFWAY HOUSE
These are non- confining residential facilities for adjudicated adults or juvenile or those who are subject to proceedings. They are alternative to containment for persons not suited for probation who need period of re-adjustment to the community after imprisonment.
HALF-WAY HOUSE
Pre-release facility to orient the prisoner before release for adjustment purposes in coping in the outside.
HALF-WAY OUT
Place for parole eligible
PRE-RELEASE
Granted parole but needs assistance in coping outside.
PAROLEES
Consisting of prisoners who are half way in prison includes:a. Probation Violators b. Parole Violators
HALF-WAY IN
For parolees
HALF HOUSES
For probationers
QUARTER HOUSE
Intensive alternative for prison confinement/committed.
THREE QUARTER HOUSE
Which emphasizes prisoner obedience, work end education (Sahara 1988).
CONTROL MODEL OF PRISON MANAGEMENT
That stresses prisoners’ responsibility for their own action, not administrative control to assure prescribed behavior. Proper classification of inmates, according to this model, permits placing prisoners in the least restrictive prison consistent with security, safety, and humane confinement. Prisoners should be given a significant degree of freedom and the held to account for their actions (Sahara 1988).
RESPONSIBILITY MODEL OF PRISON MANAGEMENT
Based on the assumption that prisoners have been incarcerated for the protection society and for the purpose in incapacitation, deterrence and retribution. It emphasizes maintenance and security and order through the subordination of the prisoner to the authority of the warden. Discipline is strictly applied and most aspect of behavior is regulated.
CUSTODIAL MODEL
Security and housekeeping activities are viewed primarily as a framework for rehabilitation efforts. Professional treatment specialist enjoys a higher status than other employees, in accordance with the idea that all aspect of prison management should be directed towards rehabilitation with the rethinking of the goal of rehabilitation.
REHABILITATION MODEL
Is linked to the structures and goals of community corrections but has direct impact on prison operations. Although an offender is confined in prison, that experience is pointed toward reintegration into society. This kind of treatment gradually gives inmates greater freedom and responsibility during their confinement and move them into a halfway house, work release programs, or community correctional center before releasing them to supervision. Consistent with the perspective of community corrections, this model is based on the assumption that it is important for the offender to maintain or develop ties with free society the entire focuses this approach is on the resumption of a normal life (Clear and Cole, 1986).
REINTEGRATION MODEL
Is a place of residence and work where a large number of like-situated individuals, cut off from wider society for an appreciable period of time, together lead an enclosed, formally administered round life. Is one that completely encapsulates the lives of the people who work and live there. A prison must be such an institution in the sense that whatever prisoners do or not do begins and ends there; every minute behind bars must be lived in accordance with the rules as enforce by the staff.
TOTAL INSTITUTION
Says that nothing should be done, that prisoners should be allowed to become increasingly congested and staff should remain to maintain them with the assumption that the problem is temporary and will disappear in time.
NULL STRATEGY
Urge that expensive and limited prison space with the necessary number of staff to maintain them should be used more-effectively by targeting the individuals whose incarceration will do the most to reduce crime. It shows that the incarceration of some career criminals has a pay off in the prevention of multiple serious offenses.
SELECTIVE INCAPACITATION STRATEGY
Incorporates front door and back door strategies. Front door strategies divert offenders to non-incarcerative sanctions, among them, community service, restitution, fines, and probation. While the back-door strategies such as detention, parole, work release and good behavior are devised to get the offenders out of the prison before end of their terms in order to free space for new comers.
POPULATION-REDUCTION STRATEGY
Building new facilities to meet the demand for prison space for an advantageous prison management. The approach comes to mind when legislators and correctional officials confront the problem on prison crowding, sanitation and prison violence to expand the size, number of facilities and personnel.
CONSTRUCTION STRATEGY
Urges the sentencing be linked to the availability of prison space and management staff, the policies be developed allowing the release of the prisoners when prison facilities become crowded and staff are greatly outnumbered to manage prisoners, and that each court be allotted a certain amount of prison space and staff members so that the judges and prosecutors make certain decisions accordingly. This strategy depends on the political will to release prisoners even in the face of public protest (Clear and Cole, 1986).
POPULATION-SENSITIVE FLOW CONTROL STRATEGY
This is a special unit of prison (Camp Sampaguita) where new prisoners undergo diagnostics examination, study and observation for the purpose of determining the programs of treatment and training best suited to their needs FOR A TOTAL PERIOD OF 60 DAYS and the institution to which they should be transferred.
RECEPTION AND DIAGNOSTIC CENTER
Responsible in the examination of the prisoner’s mental and emotional make-up.
THE PSYCHIATRIST
Responsible to conduct study on the character and behavior of the prisoners.
THE PSYCHOLOGIST
Study the social case situation of the individual prisoner.
THE SOCIOLOGIST
Conducts orientation classes in order to change inmate’s attitude towards education and recommends educational program for the prisoner.
THE EDUCATIONAL COUNSELOR
To test the prisoner’s special abilities, interests and skills and recommends for the vocational course best suited to the prisoner.
THE VOCATIONAL COUNSELOR
Encourages the prisoner to participate in religious activities.
THE CHAPLAIN
Conducts physical examination and recommends medical treatment of prisoners.
THE MEDICAL OFFICER
Recommends the transfer and type of custody of inmates.
CUSTODIAL-CORRECTIONAL OFFICER
There shall be a Reception and Diagnostic Center (NOW DRD) in every prison which shall receive, study and classify inmates and detainees committed to the Bureau.
RECEPTION AND DIAGNOSTIC CENTER
Upon admission the Reception and Diagnostics Center, an inmate shall be placed in quarantine for at least five (5) days during which he shall be
a. given a physical examination to determine any physical illness or handicap or mental aliment and to segregate those suspected of having an infectious or contagious disease. If found sick, the inmate shall be immediately confined in the prison hospital;
b. oriented with prison rules; and
c. interviewed by a counselor, social worker and other program staff officers. The interview shall be conducted in private.
QUARANTINE
After the quarantine period, the inmate shall remain in the Reception and Diagnostic Center for a period not exceeding fifty-five (55) days where he shall undergo psychiatric, psychological, sociological, vocational, educational and religious and other examinations. The results of said examination shall be the basis for the inmate’s individualized treatment program. Thereafter, he shall be assigned to a prison facility as may be recommended by the Chief of the Reception and Diagnostic Center.
ASSIGNMENT OF INMATE
Total days of determining the programs of treatment and training best suited to their needs.
60 DAYS
There shall be a _____ (NOW DRD) in every prison which shall receive, study and classify inmates and detainees committed to the Bureau.
RECEPTION AND DIAGNOSTIC CENTER
Upon admission the Reception and Diagnostics Center, an inmate shall be placed in quarantine for at least five (5) days.
QUARANTINE
Upon admission the Reception and Diagnostics Center, an inmate shall be placed in quarantine for at least five (5) days during which he shall be:
A. GIVEN PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
B. ORIENTED WITH PRISON RULES
C. INTERVIEWED BY A COUNSELOR
After the quarantine period, how many days the inmate shall remain in the Reception and Diagnostic Center.
NOT EXCEEDING 55 DAYS
An inmate shall be admitted in the Reception and Diagnostic Center of a prison upon presentation of the following documents:
A. MITTIMUS/COMMITMENT ORDER OF THE COURT
B. INFORMATION AND COURT DECISION
C. CERTIFICATION OF DETENTION
Inmates case history is taken and his personality is studied.
DIAGNOSIS
Formulation of tentative treatment program best suited to the needs of the person.
TREATMENT PLANNING
Actual application of the treatment program.
EXECUTION OF TREATMENT PROGRAM