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RPH > FINALS > Flashcards

FINALS Flashcards

1
Q

> “attempt to discover on the basis of fragmentary evidence, the significant things about the past”

> history is based on facts is a series of accepted judgments.

A

geoffrey barraclough

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2
Q

> poem written by jose rizal when he was 8 y/o

> no manuscript elsewhere (handwritten)

> was never mentioned writin this poem in his other works

A

Sa Aking Mga Kabata

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3
Q

> a mythical legal code

> epic history Maragtas

> was revealed as a hoax in 1986

A

The Code of Kalantiaw

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4
Q

> a way of looking at historical events, personalities, developments, cultures, and societies from different perspectives.

A

Multiperspectivity

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5
Q

the firt catholic mass in the philippines took place in?

A

butuan

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6
Q

when did the first catholic mass in the philippines happened?

A

april 8, 1521

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7
Q

it is a river settlement situated at Agusan river

A

butuan

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8
Q

the two primary sources of the first catholic mass in the philippines

A

• anotonio pigafetta
• francis albo

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9
Q

limasawa

A

leyte

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10
Q

– one of the pilot of the ship who returned after circumnavigation

– did not mention first mass, rather the planting of the cross upon the mountain-top

A

francis albo

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11
Q

– Primo viaggio intorno al mondo (First Voyage Around the World).

– gave more details on what they did on their week long stay at Mazaua

A

antonio pigafetta

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12
Q

Primo viaggio intorno al mondo

A

first voyage around the world

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13
Q

Butuan o Limasawa: The Site of the First Mass in the Philippines: A Reexamination of Evidence (1981)

A

jesus priest Miguel A. Bernad

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14
Q

major factor in the awakening of the nationalism among the Filipino

A

cavite mutiny

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15
Q

when did the cavite mutiny happened?

A

1872

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16
Q

martyrdom of the three priest

A

GOMBURZA

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17
Q

GOMBURZA

A

– mariano gomez
– jose burgos
– jacinto zamora

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18
Q

when was the execution of GOMBURZA happened?

A

february 17, 1872

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19
Q

the reason for the execution of GOMBURZA?

A

to threaten the Filipinos to never attempt to fight the Spaniards

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20
Q

force labor

A

polo(s) y servicio

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21
Q

any piece of writing from rizal against the catholic church in the Philippines

A

retraction

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22
Q

noli me tangere (touch me not)
el filibusterismo

A

jose rizal

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23
Q

the four iteration of retractions

A

– La Vos Española and Diaro de Manila
– La Juventud
– Father Vicente Balaguer
– original text

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24
Q

the four iteration of retractions

La Vos Española and Diario de Manila

A

December 30, 1896

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25
Q

the four iteration of retractions

La Juventud

A

Barcelona, Spain

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26
Q

the four iteration of retractions

Fr. Vicente Balaguer

A

feb 14, 1897

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27
Q

the four iteration of retractions

original text

A

found in archidiocesan archives (may 18, 1935)

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28
Q

El Grito de Rebellion

A

cry of rebellion

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29
Q

declaration of rebellion against the spanish government

A

cry of rebellion

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30
Q

what did bonifacio tore in cry of rebellion

A

cedula / tax receipts

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31
Q

when and where did the cry of rebellion happened?

A

august (23, 24, 25, 26) 1896, northeast manila

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32
Q

what did emilio aguinaldo commissioned in cry of rebellion?

A

Himno de Balintawak

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33
Q

the places of the occurance of the cry:

A

– balintawak
– kangkong
– pugad lawin
– bahay toro

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34
Q

set of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state part of a whole, coming together of distinct entities into one group, with the same principles and ideals.

A

constitution

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35
Q

Supreme Law of the Republic of the Philippines

A

The Constitution of the Philippines 1987

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36
Q

the 3 constitutions that have effectively governed the country:

A

– The 1935 Commonwealth Constitution
– The 1973 Constution
– The 1986 Freedom Constitution

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37
Q

3 constitutions that have successfully gpverned the counry:

A

The 1935 Commonwealth Constitution
The 1973 Constution
The 1986 Freedom Constitution

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38
Q

earlier constitution attempted by Filipinos to break free from colonization:

A

– Malolos Constitution 1899 (Constitucion Politica de Malolos)
– The Ferdinand Marcos Constitution 1973
– 1935 Commonwealth Constitution
– 1986 Freedom Constitution

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39
Q

Constitution Politica de Malolos

A

Malolos Constitution (1899)

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40
Q

turned dictorial government into revolutionary government

A

Malolos Constitution 1899

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41
Q

> it is a constitution anchored in democratic traditions

> people have exclusive sovereignty, basic civil rights, separate the church from the state

A

malolos constitution 1899

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42
Q

when did the malolos constitution took place/inaugurated

A

barasoain church

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43
Q

who opposed and sanctioned the malolos constitution 1899

A

opposed: apolinario mabini (prime minister of the revolutionary government)
sanctioned: emilio aguinaldo (president)

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44
Q

this constitution was to ensure that the U.S would live up to its promise to grant the Philippines independence and not have a premise to hold onto its “possession” on the grounds that it was too politically immature and hence, unready for full, real independence and shall be known as the Republic of the Philippines.

A

the 1935 commonwealth constitution

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45
Q

adopts the Regalian Doctrine or the Principle of State ownership for all its natural wealth and provides for the proper utilization of such wealth by its citizens.

A

the 1935 commonwealth constitution

46
Q

the two independent constitutional bodies under the 1935 commonwealth constitution:

A

– Civil Service Commission
– Commission on Audit

47
Q

NEDA

A

National Economic Development Authority

48
Q

RA No. 6132, Constitutional Convention Act

A

the ferdinand marcos constitution 1973

49
Q

when did the ferdinand marcos constitution 1973 was approved?

A

august 24, 1970

50
Q

declaration of martial law

A

september 21, 1972

51
Q

Proclamation No. 1102

A

Ratification of the Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines

52
Q

– composed of preamble and 17 articles
– shift from presidential to parliamentary system of government

A

Proclamation No. 1102 (Ratification of the Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines)

53
Q

> establishes the Philippines as a democratic and republican state were sovereignty resides in the people and all government authorities emanates from them
followed People Power Revolution which ousted Ferdinand Marcos as President
corazon aquino

A

1986 freedom constitution

54
Q

declaring a national policy to protect people’s basic right

A

proclamation no. 3

55
Q

Constitutional Commission [Con Com]

A

proclamation no. 9

56
Q

constitution commission appointed 50 members on the constitution including:

A

former supreme court chief justice (roberto concepcion)
catholic bishop (teodoro bacani)
film director (lino brocka)

57
Q

> essentially the rectification of the whole system of agriculture, an important aspect of the Philippine economy

> centered on the relationship between production and the distribution of land among farmers.

> focused on the political and economic class character of the relations of production and distribution in farming and related enterprises.

A

agrarian reform

58
Q

where rural communities, often dispersed and scattered in nature, organized into a pueblo and given land to cultivate.

A

pueblo / pueblo agriculture system

59
Q

reward to Spanish military for their service

A

repartimientos

60
Q

those mandated to manage the encomienda or the lands given to them, where Filipinos worked and paid their tributes to the encomendero

A

spanish encomendero

61
Q

an unfair and abusive system because Filipino farmers working the land were made to sell their products at a very low price or surrender their products to the encomenderos, who resold this at a profit.

A

encomienda system

62
Q

> developed in the beginning of the nineteenth century as the Spanish government implemented policies that would fast track the entry of the colony into the capitalist world. a new form of ownership

A

hacienda system

63
Q

A private individual may own 16 hectares of land while corporate landholders may have 1,024 hectares.

A

The Philippine Bill of 1902

64
Q

a peasant rebellion in Central Luzon

A

The Sakdal (Sakdalista) Uprising

65
Q

– National Rice and Corn Corporation (NARIC)
– to assign public defenders to assist peasants in court battles for their rights to the land.

A

manuel l. quezon

66
Q

NARIC

A

national rice and corn corporation

67
Q

– Republic Act No. 34
– to establish a 70-30 sharing arrangement between tenant and landlord, respectively, which reduced the interest of landowners’ loans to tenants at six percent or less.

A

president roxas

68
Q

– The Land Settlement Development Corporation (LASEDECO)
– to accelerate and expand the resettlement program for peasants.

A

elpidio quirino

69
Q

LASEDECO

A

The Land Settlement Development Corporation

70
Q

National Resettlement and Rehabilitation Administration (NARRA)

A

Ramon Magsaysay

71
Q

NARRA

A

National Resettlement and Rehabilitation Administration

72
Q

– The Agricultural Land Reform Code (Republic Act No. 3844).
– abolished share tenancy in the Philippines and prescribed a program to convert tenant-farmers to lessees and later on owner cultivators.

A

diosdado macapagal

73
Q

(Republic Act No. 3844)

A

The Agricultural Land Reform Code

74
Q

Presidential Decree No. 27 (Code of Agrarian Reform of The Philippines)

A

marcos regime

75
Q

Presidential Decree No. 27

A

Code of Agrarian Reform of thr Philippines

76
Q

It enabled the redistribution of agricultural lands to tenant-farmers from landowners, who were paid in exchange by the government through just compensation and allowed them to retain not more than five hectares.

A

Republic Act No. 6657 or the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law (CARL) / (Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program or CARP).

77
Q

CARL / CARP

A

Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law/Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program

78
Q

Republic Act No. 6657

A

CARL / CARP

79
Q

government mechanism to raise fund

A

taxation

80
Q

The purpose is to generate resources to finance the maintenance of the islands, such as salaries of government officials and expenses of the clergy.

A

tributos (tributes)

81
Q

exempted from tributos:

A

– alcaldes
– gobernadores
– cabezas de barangay
– soldiers
– members of the civil guard
– government officials
– vagrants.

82
Q

creating pueblos, to collect revenue from the Filipinos.

A

reduccion

83
Q

was established in 16th century through the galleons, a way by which the Spaniards could make sure that European presence would be sustained.

A

Manila-Acapulo Trade

84
Q

The payment of tribute was put to a stop and was replaced by a poll tax collected through a certificate of identification called

A

cedula personal

85
Q

Payment of the cedula is being paid by

A

person, not by family

86
Q

when was the cedula happened

A

1844

87
Q

is a kind of tax on the annual rental value of an urban real estate and

A

urbana

88
Q

is a kind of tax on salaries, dividends, and profits.

A

industria

89
Q

when did industria and urbana happened

A

1878

90
Q

Male Filipinos were required to provide labor for 40 days a year (reduced to 15 days a year in 1884). They may opt out by paying the fallas or three pesos per annum.

A

force labor (polo y servicio)

91
Q

prestacion personal

A

personal services

92
Q

It prescribed ten major sources of revenue: licensed taxes on firms dealing in alcoholic beverages and tobacco, excise taxes on alcoholic beverages and tobacco products, taxes on banks and bankers, document stamp taxes, the cedula, taxes on insurance and insurance companies, taxes on forest products, mining concessions, taxes on business and manufacturing, and occupational licenses.

A

The Internal Revenue Law of 1904

93
Q

resulting in a reduction in the revenue of the government as export taxes levied on sugar, tobacco, hemp, and copra were lifted.

A

The Underwood-Simmons Tariff Act (1913)

94
Q

income tax

A

1914

95
Q

inheritance tax

A

1919

96
Q

national lottery

A

1932

97
Q

the cedula tax was abolished in

A

1937

98
Q

residence tax

A

1940

99
Q

impetus of economic growth

implementation of import and exchange controls that led to import substitution development.

A

elpidio quirino

100
Q

Tax Commission in 1959 by means of Republic Act No. 2211 to make a way for a more robust and efficient tax collection.

A

magsaysay, garcia, macapagal

101
Q

Republic Act No. 2211

A

Tax Commission im 1959

102
Q

heavily dependent on indirect taxes.

A

marcos authoritarian regime

103
Q

– 1986 Tax Reform Program
– Value-added Tax (VAT)

A

corazon aquino

104
Q

The aim was to improve the responsiveness of the tax system, promote equity by ensuring that similarly situated individuals and firms bear the same tax burden, promote growth by withdrawing or modifying taxes that reduce incentives to work or produce, and improve tax administration by simplifying the tax system and promoting tax compliance

A

1986 Tax Reform Program

105
Q

– the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program
– implemented to make the tax system broad-based, simple, and with reasonable tax rates

A

ramos administration

106
Q

the Expanded Value-Added Tax (E-VAT) was signed into law as Republic Act 9337.

A

glorio macapagal arroyo

107
Q

Republic Act 9337

A

expanded value-added tax

108
Q

the adjustment of excise tax on liquor and cigarettes or the Sin Tax Reform. Republic Act 10351 was passed, and government revenues from Alcohol and tobacco excise taxes increased.

A

benigno aquino III

109
Q

Republic Act 10351

A

Sin Tax Reform

110
Q

The present income tax scheme of the country is the second highest in Southeast Asia.

A

rodrigo duterte

RPH (3 decks)

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