Finals Flashcards
1
Q
It is a chemical substance used as a medicine or in making medicines which affects the body and mind and have potential for abuse.
A
drug
2
Q
These refer to the drug where it is legally permitted by the government’s law for such medical purposes.
A
Legal drugs
3
Q
These are chemicals that a person is not allowed by law to have. They are often addictive. Such drugs that are illegal by the country generate stimulants.
A
Illegal drugs
4
Q
These are drugs requiring written authorization from a doctor to allow a purchase. They are prescribed according to the individual’s age, weight and height and should not be taken by anyone else.
A
Prescriptive Drugs
5
Q
These are non-prescription medicine, which may be purchased from any pharmacy or drugstore without, written authorization from a doctor.
A
Over-the-Counter Drugs
6
Q
This includes natural plant leaves, flowering tops, resin, hashish, opium, and Marijuana.
A
Natural Drug
7
Q
These are produced by clandestine laboratories which include those drugs that are controlled by law because they are used in the medical practice.
A
Synthetic/Artificial Drugs
8
Q
It is the amount needed to treat or heal that is, the smallest amount of a drug that will produce a therapeutic effect.
A
Minimal dose
9
Q
It is the largest amount of a drug that will produce a desired therapeutic effect without any accompanying symptoms of toxicity.
A
Maximal dose
10
Q
It is the amount of drug that produces untoward effects or symptoms.
A
Toxic dose
11
Q
It is the amount needed to produce the side effects and action desired by the individual who improperly uses it.
A
Abusive dose
12
Q
It is the amount of drug that will cause death.
A
Lethal dose
13
Q
This is the safest and most convenient and economical route whenever possible.
A
Oral
14
Q
This form of drug administration offers a faster response than the oral method. It makes use of a needle or other device to deliver the drugs directly into the body tissue and blood circulation.
A
Injection
15
Q
This route makes use of gaseous and volatile drugs, which are inhaled and absorbed rapidly through the mucous of the respiratory tract.
A
Inhalation
16
Q
This refers to the application of drugs directly to a body site such as the skin and the mucous membrane.
A
Topical
17
Q
It is the introduction of drugs into the deeper layers of the skin by the use of special type of electro current for local effect.
A
Iontophoresis
18
Q
These are drugs that relieve pain.
A
Analgesics
19
Q
These are drugs that combat or control infectious organism.
A
Antibiotics
20
Q
These are those that can lower body temperature or fever due to infection.
A
Antipyretics
21
Q
These are those that control or combat allergic reactions.
A
Antihistamines
22
Q
These are drugs that prevent the meeting of the egg cell and sperm cell or prevent the ovary from releasing egg cells.
A
Contraceptives
23
Q
These are those that relieve congestion of the nasal passages.
A
Decongestants
24
Q
These are those that can ease the expulsion of mucus and phlegm from the lungs and the throat.
A
Expectorants
25
These are those that stimulate defecation and encourage bowel movement.
Laxatives
26
These are those that can calm and quiet the nerves and relieve anxiety without causing depression and clouding of the mind.
Sedatives and Tranquilizer
27
These are those substances necessary for normal growth and development and proper functioning of the body.
Vitamins
28
These refer to the broad categories or classes of controlled substances. Controlled substances are generally grouped according to pharmacological classifications, effects and as to their legal criteria.
Dangerous Drugs
29
These are group of drugs that has the effect of depressing the Central Nervous System.
Depressants
30
These are group of drugs having the effect of stimulating the Central Nervous System.
Stimulants
31
This refers to group of drugs that considered mind altering drugs and give general effects of mood distortion.
Hallucinogens
32
These are drugs which suppress vital body functions especially those of the brain or central nervous system with the resulting impairment of judgment, hearing, speech and muscular coordination.
Depressants (Downers)
33
They dull the minds, slow down the body reactions to such an extent that accidental deaths and or suicides usually happen. They include the narcotics, barbiturates, tranquilizers, alcohol and other volatile solvents.
Depressants (Downers)
34
A depressant is any legal or illegal drug that depresses the _________________.
Central Nervous System
35
_______________ make up the largest class of drugs and are the most commonly and easily abused.
Depressants
36
It is derived from the Greek work “narkoticos” meaning sleep. It is a term originally applied to all compounds that produce insensibility to external stimuli through depression of the central nervous system.
Narcotics
37
Narcotics derived from the Greek work ____________ meaning ________.
“narkoticos”; sleep
38
It is a narcotic drug produced from the drying resin of unripe capsules of the opium poppy, Papaver Somniferum.
Opium
38
It is a narcotic drug produced from the drying resin of unripe capsules of the opium poppy, Papaver Somniferum.
Opium
39
Stage of Excitement
a. There is increase in mental activity, restlessness or even hallucination.
b. There is flushing of the face and increased action of the heart.
40
State of Stupor
a. The person suddenly becomes quiet.
b. There maybe headache and uncontrollable desire to sleep.
c. There is itching sensation all over the skin.
d. Pulse and respiration are still normal.
41
Stage of Narcosis
a. The patient passed into a deep coma.
d. The skin feels cold and clammy.
c. The pupils are constricted to almost pinpoint and they’re insensible to light.
d. The pulse is slow, respiration is slow.
42
Slang names of opium
“gum”, “gamot’, “kalamay”, “panocha
43
It is the principal derivative of opium. It is the second extraction from opium. It is an active element derived from opium by chemical process.
Morphine
44
"Morphine" was derived from the name ______________, the Greek God of Dreams because of its dreamful effect, which follows its initial stimulating effect.
“morpheus”
45
It is effective as a painkiller and six times more potent or stronger than opium, with a high dependence producing potentials.
Morphine
46
Slang names of morphine
“M”, “Dreamer”, “Pectoral”, “Syrup”, “AAA”, “999”
47
It is three to five times more powerful than morphine from which it is derived and the most addicting opium derivative. With continued use, addiction occurs within 14 days.
Heroin
48
It maybe sniffed or swallowed but it is usually injected in veins.
Heroin
49
It is a derivative of morphine, in most respects a tenth or less as effective as morphine.
Codeine
50
It is cough suppressant and analgesic.
Codeine
51
Slang names of codeine
“School boy”, “cough syrup"
52
It was first sensitized in Germany in 1943, when an opiate analgesic was not available because of war; it was first called “Dolophine” after Adolf Hitler.
Methadone
53
Methadone was first called ___________ after Adolf Hitler.
“Dolophine”
54
It is widely used as a painkiller in childbirth while methadone is the drugs of choice in the withdrawal treatment of heroin dependents since it relieves the physical craving for heroin.
Demerol
55
These are drug synthesized from the basic morphine molecule but perhaps more than 1,000 times more potent than heroin.
China White
56
This drug is very dangerous not only because of its potency but also because the chance is the street chemist will make the substance wrong.
China White
57
These are drugs used for inducing sleep in persons plagued with anxiety, mental stress and insomnia. They are also of value in the treatment of epilepsy and hypertension.
Barbiturates
58
It is believed that the name barbiturate was developed because the first synthesis occurred on _______________.
St. Barbara’s day
59
Barbiturates was first synthesized on November 27, 1864, by German chemist _______________.
Adolf von Baeyer
60
It is used on a short-term basis to treat insomnia (difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep). It is also used to relieve anxiety before surgery.
Intermediate-acting (Secobarbital)
61
It works by slowing activity in the brain.
Secobarbital
62
It was widely used during the 1940s and 1950s as a sleeping pill (i.e. hypnotic) or anti-anxiety drug (i.e. sedative).
Short-acting (Pentobarbital)
63
It is used by euthanasia organizations in the United States.
Nembutal
64
The brand name "Nembutal" was coined by ____________________, who started using it in 1930, from the structural formula of the sodium salt—Na (sodium) + ethyl + methyl + butyl + al (common suffix for barbiturates).
Dr. John S. Lundy
65
Nembutal is trademarked and manufactured by the Danish pharmaceutical company _____________, and is the only injectable form of pentobarbital approved for sale in the United States.
Lundbeck
66
Marketed under brand names such as Mebaral, Mephyltaletten, Phemiton, and Prominal, it is a drug which is a barbiturate derivative and is used primarily as an anticonvulsant, but also as a sedative and anxiolytic.
Long – acting (Methobarbital) or Methylphenobarbital
67
Slang names of barbiturates
“goofballs”, “footballs”, “barbs”, “blockbuster”
68
It is a synthetic sedative which has been widely abused and often caused serious poisoning.
Methaqualone
69
Its effect is similar to barbiturates and action is within 30 minutes after administration; the effect is for 6-10 hours.
Methaqualone
70
These are drugs used in treating nervous disorders or calm psychotic patients or mental disorders without producing sleep.
Tranquilizers
71
It is a minor tranquilizer used for the relief of anxiety, tension and muscular spasms.
Meprobamate
72
Meprobamate was introduced in the mid-1950s and commonly is marketed under the trade names _________ and _________.
Equanil; Miltown
73
It was introduced in 1963. It is the most commonly used tranquilizer.
Diazepam
74
It is used in the treatment of anxiety and as an aid in preoperative and postoperative sedation. It is also used to treat skeletal muscle spasms.
Diazepam
75
These are gaseous substances popularly known to abusers as “gas,” “teardrops.”
Volatile Solvents
76
It is considered the most widely used, socially accepted and most extensively legalized drugs throughout the world.
Alcohol
77
In the field of medicine, it is valuable as disinfectant, an external remedy for reducing high fever among children, and as preservative and solvent for pharmaceutical preparations like elixirs, spirits, and tincture.
Alcohol
78
These are drugs that produce excitation, alertness and wakefulness, intense feeling of “highness” and in some cases, a temporary rise in blood pressure and respiration.
Stimulants (Uppers)
79
It is a condition characterized by an overwhelming desire to sleep.
Narcolepsy
80
A person who has narcolepsy goes to sleep as frequently as __ times a day.
5
81
It is a drug taken from the coca bush plant (erythroxylon coca) that grows in South America.
Cocaine
82
Cocaine was first isolated (extracted from coca leaves) in 1859 by German chemist _____________. It was not until the 1880s that it started to be popularized in the medical community.
Albert Niemann
83
It was first used as local anesthesia for it blocks the nerve cells causing numbness.
Cocaine
84
Austrian psychoanalyst _____________, who used the drug himself, was the first to broadly promote cocaine as a tonic to cure depression and sexual impotence.
Sigmund Freud
85
Three (3) Forms of Illegal Cocaine
A. Hard tiny rock for large wholesale or dealers.
B. Flake form – considered as a delicacy among coke cat.
C. Powdered form
86
Slang names of cocaine
“leaf”, “snow”, “coke”, “speedballs when mixed with heroin”, “snorr”, “chinese white”, “blow”, “C”, “coca”, “flake”, “heaven”, “dust”, “paradise”
87
It is a method of reducing the impurities in cocaine.
Freebasing
88
It is the feeling as if grains of sand are lying under the skin or small insects (cocaine bugs) are creeping on the skin is the most characterized symptoms.
Magnan’s Symptoms
89
It refers to the ingestion of multiple small packages of cocaine for the purpose of transporting contraband.
Cocaine “Body Packer” Syndrome
90
It is a form of cocaine that has been chemically altered so that it can be smoked. It looks like small lumps or shaving of soap but has a mixture of porcelain. The drug is sold in inch that is referred to us french-fries or teeth.
Crack
91
________, which is an extremely potent smokeable form of cocaine, is something 10 times stronger than the regular coke and can cause instant addiction and even death when excessive amounts are used.
Crack
92
It is used medically for weight reducing in obesity, relief or mild depression and treatment of narcolepsy.
Amphetamine
93
These are people who depend on amphetamines, they cannot function without the drugs.
Speed freaks
94
Slang names of amphetamine
“beanies”, “co-pilots”, “foot ball hearts”, “pep pills”, “ampies”
95
It is present in coffee, tea, chocolate, cola drinks and some wakeup pills.
Caffeine
96
It is commonly known as “poor man’s cocaine”.
Shabu (Methamphetamine Hydrochloride)
97
It is a white, colorless crystal or crystalline powder with a bitter numbing taste. It is taken orally, inhaled, snorted, sniffed or injected.
Shabu (Methamphetamine Hydrochloride)
98
It is the main ingredient of Shabu that causes brain damage.
Ephedrine
99
It is a chemical used for paints, adhesives, etc.
Toluene
100
Hallucinogens was coined in 1956 by British psychiatrist, ____________,
Humphry Osmond
101
It refers to a group of drugs which affects the Central Nervous System producing alteration, intense and varying emotional changes, ego distortion.
Hallucinogens (Psychedelics)
102
These are drugs capable of provoking changes in sensation, thinking, self – awareness and emotion. Alteration of time and space perception (false perception), illusions, hallucinations and delusion.
Hallucinogens (Psychedelics)
103
It is the most commonly abused hallucinogen in the Philippines.
Marijuana (Cannabis Sativa Lyn)
104
The effects of marijuana include a feeling of ___________. It can also produce opposite effect, a dreamy sensation of time seeming to stretch out.
grandeur
105
It is the most active and is considered responsible for the hallucinogenic effect of marijuana. It contains the highest concentration of the drug.
Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)
106
It is the sensation that figures are rushing toward him at tremendous speed, increasing in size as they approach.
Phantasmagoria
107
It has been found to be the only satisfactory chemical test for the identification of marijuana.
Duquenois Levine Test
108
It is a popular club drug with both hallucinogenic and stimulant properties, boosts empathy and feelings of interpersonal closeness.
Ecstacy
109
Scientific name of ecstasy
MethyleneDioxyMethAmphetamine or MDMA
110
Slang name of ecstasy
Designers Drug, X, XTC, Rave, E, Eckie, Love Drug, Flying Saucer, LBD or Libido, Jagged Little Pill, Adam, Eve, Artist Drug, Hug Drug, MDA, MDEA, Love Doves, Disco Biscuit, etc.
111
Lysergic Acid Diathylamide (LSD) was first synthesized by ____________ and ______________ from the ergot plants.
Dr. Albert Hoffman; Dr. Arthur Stool
112
This drug is the most powerful of the Psychedelics and it is 1, 000 times more powerful than marijuana.
Lysergic Acid Diathylamide (LSD)
113
This causes perceptual changes so that the user sees colors, shapes or objects more intensely than normal person can and may have hallucinations of things that are not real.
Lysergic Acid Diathylamide (LSD)
114
It is derived from the surface part of a small gray brown cactus. It emits a nauseating odor and its user suffers from nausea.
Peyote
115
This is the active ingredient of the peyote cactus.
Mescaline
116
It is used as an analgesic and used also as treatment for mental disorder.
Phencyclidine (PCP)
117
This hallucinogenic alkaloid is from a small Mexican mushroom. These mushrooms induced nausea, muscular relaxation, mood changes with visions of bright colors and shapes.
Psilocybin
118
It is known as Lysergic Acid Amide.
Morning Glory Seeds
119
These are black and brown seeds of the wild tropical morning glory that are used to produce hallucinations. The seeds are ground into flour, soaked in cold water, then strained through a cloth and drunk.
Morning Glory Seeds
120
It is colorless, odorless and tasteless. The drug dissolves with ease, especially in carbonated drinks. This alone can produce incapacitating sedative effects that last between eight to twelve hours.
Rohypnol
121
Rohypnol is known in club drug with slang as:
* roofies
* rophies
* roche
* roach
* rope
* forget-me drug
