Final_4_Brain Aging

Question 1

changes to brain size, vasculature, and cognition. It may start around 30 years of age.

Answer 1

Normal brain changing

Question 2

Not normal aging

Answer 2

Dementia

It is characterized by multiple
cognitive deficits with memory
impairment as a frequent
early symptom.

Question 3

Decrease in gray matter

Answer 3

associated with reductions in neuronal number and/or volume

Question 4

Changes in white matter

Answer 4

associated with reductions in the diameter of myelin sheath

Question 5

the process by which neurons are
generated from neural stem cell and progenitor
cells. It is responsible for populating the growing
brain with neurons.

Answer 5

Neurogenesis

Question 6

Factors that influence brain aging

Answer 6

• Genetics
• Family history
• Environment
• Level of education
• 8 hours of sleep per night

Question 7

Delaying cognitive decline

Answer 7

• Minimize stress: hormone
overload, minimizes learning
and memory
• Exercise
• Network
• Diet: omega 3 fatty acids,
antioxidants
• Higher education

Question 8

Which of the following changes are observed with normal brain aging?

a. Synaptic plasticity is reduced
b. Myelin sheaths are increased after the age of 60
c. Synaptic pruning leads to decreased synaptic communication
d. Increased oxygen to the brain
e. All of the above

Answer 8

a. Synaptic plasticity is reduced

Question 9

Brain aging leads to alterations in the concentration of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, which is associated with
impaired motor function and cognition.
a. Serotonin
b. Acetylcholine
c. Dopamine
d. A and B
e. All of the above

Answer 9

Dopamine