FINAL YO

Question 1

Simplest forms of Carbohydrates are?

Answer 1

Dihydroxyacetone & d- and 1- glyceraldehyde

Question 2

Carbs are…

Answer 2

polyhydroxy aldehydes and ketones

Question 3

Fructose can cyclolize into…

Answer 3

pyranose

furanose

Question 4

Citric Acid Cycle Net Equation

Answer 4

AcetylCoA + Pi + ADP + 3NAD+ + FAD+ = 2CO2 + 3NADH + FADH2 + CoA + ATP + 8e-

Question 5

Path of E- down ETC

Answer 5

NADH - Complex 1 - CoQ - Complex 3 - Cyt C - complex 4 -O2

FADH2 - complex 2 - CoQ - complex 3 - cyt c - complex 4 - O2

Question 6

Type of bond between AA and tRNA

Answer 6

Anhydride bond that uses Pi from ATP

Question 7

Wobble Hypothesis

Answer 7

tRNA molecules bind to more than 1 codon, especially at posistion 3

Question 8

AA attached to tRNA where?

Answer 8

At 3’ end (CCA)

Question 9

Peptide bonds are planar due to?

Answer 9

Partial double bond character and are normally trans

Question 10

Ramachandran Plot

Answer 10

• Shows known config

- Shows rotations of phi and psi angles

Question 11

Relationship of delta G & delta G knot

Answer 11

Difference from standard state to physiological/actual state depending on concen. of reactants and products

Question 12

Gibbs free energy of activation is?

Answer 12

Difference in energy from reactants to transition state

Question 13

Michaelis Menton Equations

Answer 13

Describes variation of enzyme activity as a function of substrate concen.

Question 14

Km =

Answer 14

substrate @ 1/2 vmax

k-1+k2/k1

Question 15

Shine delgarno Sequence

Answer 15

Ribosomal binding site upstream of Start sequence in PRO

Question 16

Cellulose is….

Answer 16

B 1-4 linked

Question 17

Intermediate molecule formed during EtOH ferm

Answer 17

Acetaldydye

Question 18

Intermediate molecule of GnG

Answer 18

Glycerol phosphate

Question 19

Pyruvate Carboxylase (GNG) does what?

Answer 19

converts pyruvate to oxaloacetate

Question 20

molecules required for GnG

Answer 20

CO2 ATP H2O

Question 21

Steps of Conversion of Pyruvate to Acetyl CoA

Answer 21

Decarboxylation, oxidation, transfer CoA

Question 22

Competitive Inhibition

Answer 22

Molecule binds in active site, prevents substrate from binding

• Km = increases
• Vmax = uncahnged

Question 23

Non-competitive inhibition

Answer 23

Molecule binds OUTSIDE enzyme substrate complex and inhibits

• Km = no change
• Vmax = increases

Question 24

Uncompetitive Inhibition

Answer 24

Molecule binds to enzyme substrate complex and prevents from moving forward.

• Km = decreases
• Vmax = decreases

Question 25

Oxidoreductases

Answer 25

Oxidation/reduction RXNS

Question 26

Transferase

Answer 26

transfer functional groups between molecules

Question 27

hydrolases

Answer 27

cleaves molecules adding H20

Question 28

Lyases

Answer 28

adds functional groups to double bonds or removes them to form double bonds

Question 29

isomerases

Answer 29

moves functional group within molecule

Question 30

Ligases

Answer 30

join 2 molecules via ATP hydrolysis