Exam 1

Question 1

Buffers

Answer 1

Large atoms that can accept/donate electrons

-Used to keep pH stable in a certain range

Question 2

Zwitterion

Answer 2

Electrically nuetral atom, can have formal charges, but net charge is 0

Question 3

Ampholyte

Answer 3

Acidic or Basic Groups present

Question 4

Electrolyte

Answer 4

Free ions (passes charges)

Question 5

Isoelectric Point (Pi)

Answer 5

pH where net charge is 0

Question 6

Amino Acids more prevalent in L or D form?

Answer 6

L from (Rotates Left)

Question 7

Sugars and nucleic acids more prevalent in which form?

Answer 7

D form (rotates right)

Question 8

Essential AA

Answer 8

Body cannot produce and must be in diet

Question 9

Non-essential AA

Answer 9

Can be produced by body

Question 10

Myoglobin Structure

Answer 10

SIngle Polypeptide Chain

Question 11

Hemoglobin Structure

Answer 11

Tetramer (32 alpha Helices)

-4 repeating myoglobin make up tetramer

Question 12

Prostetic Group

Answer 12

Present per each strand in Mb and Hb used as an O2 binding site

Question 13

Heme

Answer 13

Prostthetic group + protein

Question 14

Central Atom in hemoglobin is?

Answer 14

Iron in Fe2+ state (ferrous)

Question 15

Protopophyrin

Answer 15

Groups bonded to heme x4

Question 16

Heme is planar or nonplanar when oxygenated

Answer 16

Planar

Question 17

What binds to O2 binding site when deoxyginated?

Answer 17

H2O

Question 18

allisteric effector

Answer 18

Something binds in one plane and effects another

Question 19

Pp Hb binds O2 at?

Answer 19

100mmHg

Question 20

Mb has higher affinity for O2 than Hb? T of F

Answer 20

TRUE

Question 21

Bohr Effect

Answer 21

O2 is binded on a pH dependent curve

-the more acidic the blood (deoxygenated) lower Hb affinity for O2

Question 22

Examples of Allosteric Effectors

Answer 22

O2 binding
Bohr Effect (H+ binding)
2,3-biphosphoglyceride Binding

Question 23

Hb structure (in terms of dimers)

Answer 23

Two alpha/beta dimers

Question 24

T State of Hb

Answer 24

Tense State or Deoxygenated State

-Out of plane

Question 25

R State of Hb

Answer 25

Relaxed State or Oxygenated State

-In plane molecule

Question 26

T—> R Alterations

Answer 26

15 degree rotational change

Increased O2 affinity due to more O2 binding sites exposed

Question 27

Carbonic Anahydrase

Answer 27

Enzyme that catolizes reaction of CO2 and H2O to H2CO3

Question 28

What AA is replaced in Sickle Cell Anemia

Answer 28

GLU replaced with VAL

-Causes elongated Hb and creates Hb aggregates