Final Word Review

Question 1

ventral

Answer 1

toward the front of the body, the opposite of dorsal

Question 2

distal

Answer 2

situated farthest from the midline or beginning of a body structure, the opposite of proximal

Question 3

proximal

Answer 3

situated nearest the midline or beginning of a body structure, the opposite of distal

Question 4

dorsal

Answer 4

toward the back of the body, the opposite of ventral

Question 5

transverse plane

Answer 5

a horizontal plane that divides the body into upper and lower portions

Question 6

sagittal plane

Answer 6

a vertical plane that divides the body into unequal left and right portions (the midsagittal plane is the sagittal plane that divides the body into equal left and right portions)

Question 7

coronal plane

Answer 7

a vertical plane that divides the body into front and back portions, also called the frontal plane

Question 8

frontal plane

Answer 8

a vertical plane that divides the body into front and back portions, also called the coronal plane

Question 9

lateral

Answer 9

the direction toward or nearer the side of the body

Question 10

abduction

Answer 10

the movement of a limb away from the midline of the body, the opposite of adduction

Question 11

adduction

Answer 11

the movement of a limb toward the midline of the body, the opposite of abduction

Question 12

flexion

Answer 12

decreasing the angle between two bones by bending a limb at a joint

Question 13

extension

Answer 13

increasing the angle between two bones by the straightening out of a limb

Question 14

elevation

Answer 14

the act of raising or lifting a body part

Question 15

depression

Answer 15

the act of lowering a body part

Question 16

supination

Answer 16

rotating the arm so that the palm of the hand is turned forward or upward

Question 17

pronation

Answer 17

rotating the arm or leg so that the palm of the hand or sole of the foot is turned downward or backward

Question 18

dorsiflexion

Answer 18

the movement that bends the foot upward at the ankle

Question 19

plantar flexion

Answer 19

the movement that bends the foot downward at the ankle

Question 20

femoral

Answer 20

pertaining to the femur or thigh

Question 21

axillary

Answer 21

pertaining to the armpit

Question 22

tarsal

Answer 22

pertaining to the ankle

Question 23

antecubital

Answer 23

pertaining to the front side of the elbow

Question 24

popliteal

Answer 24

pertaining to the back side of the knee

Question 25

cervical

Answer 25

pertaining to the neck

Question 26

genital

Answer 26

pertaining to the external reproductive organs

Question 27

cryosurgery

Answer 27

the destruction or elimination of abnormal tissue cells through the application of extreme cold by using liquid nitrogen

Question 28

hemiplegia

Answer 28

total paralysis affecting only one side (left or right) of the body

Question 29

cystocele

Answer 29

also known as a prolapsed bladder, a hernia of the bladder through the vaginal wall

Question 30

aphasia

Answer 30

the loss of the ability to speak, write, and/or comprehend the written or spoken word

Question 31

antiemetic

Answer 31

a medication given to prevent or relieve nausea and vomiting

Question 32

etiology

Answer 32

the study of the causes of diseases

Question 33

laparoscopy

Answer 33

the visual examination of the interior of the abdomen

Question 34

otitis media

Answer 34

inflammation or infection of the middle ear

Question 35

bifurcate

Answer 35

a division into 2 branches or parts

Question 36

lithotripsy

Answer 36

used to break up or crush kidney stones

Question 37

biopsy

Answer 37

the removal of a small piece of living tissue for examination

Question 38

dyspepsia

Answer 38

pain or discomfort in digestion, also known as indigestion

Question 39

macrophage

Answer 39

a white blood cell that surrounds and kills invading cells

Question 40

adipose tissue

Answer 40

also known as fat

Question 41

anesthesia

Answer 41

without feeling or sensation

Question 42

carcinogen

Answer 42

an agent or substance capable of causing cancer

Question 43

hypertension

Answer 43

high blood pressure

Question 44

nocturia

Answer 44

excessive urination at night

Question 45

homeostasis

Answer 45

the process through which the body maintains a constant internal environment

Question 46

carpals

Answer 46

the bones that form the wrist

Question 47

sprain

Answer 47

an injury to a joint which occurs when a ligament is wrenched or torn

Question 48

atherosclerosis

Answer 48

narrowing and hardening of the arteries due to a build up of fatty plaque

Question 49

pericardium

Answer 49

the double-walled membranous sac that encloses the heart

Question 50

quadriplegia

Answer 50

the paralysis of all 4 extremities

Question 51

cranial

Answer 51

pertaining to the skull

Question 52

polyphagia

Answer 52

excessive hunger

Question 53

pathology

Answer 53

the study of all aspects of diseases

Question 54

polydipsia

Answer 54

excessive thirst

Question 55

nosocomial

Answer 55

an infection acquired in a hospital or health care facility

Question 56

rhinorrhea

Answer 56

a watery flow from the nose, also known as a runny nose

Question 57

lacrimal

Answer 57

pertaining to the tear ducts

Question 58

mental

Answer 58

region of the head pertaining to the chin

Question 59

dementia

Answer 59

a slowly progressive decline in mental abilities including memory, thinking, and judgment, that is often accompanied by personality changes

Question 60

ambulate

Answer 60

to walk

Question 61

arthritis

Answer 61

inflammation of a joint

Question 62

HPV

Answer 62

human papillomavirus

Question 63

DVT

Answer 63

deep vein thrombosis

Question 64

DM

Answer 64

diabetes mellitus

Question 65

gtts

Answer 65

drops

Question 66

adrenocorticotropic

Answer 66

pituitary hormone that stimulates the cortex of the adrenal gland

Question 67

scler/o

Answer 67

hard