Final Word Review Flashcards
ventral
toward the front of the body, the opposite of dorsal
distal
situated farthest from the midline or beginning of a body structure, the opposite of proximal
proximal
situated nearest the midline or beginning of a body structure, the opposite of distal
dorsal
toward the back of the body, the opposite of ventral
transverse plane
a horizontal plane that divides the body into upper and lower portions
sagittal plane
a vertical plane that divides the body into unequal left and right portions (the midsagittal plane is the sagittal plane that divides the body into equal left and right portions)
coronal plane
a vertical plane that divides the body into front and back portions, also called the frontal plane
frontal plane
a vertical plane that divides the body into front and back portions, also called the coronal plane
lateral
the direction toward or nearer the side of the body
abduction
the movement of a limb away from the midline of the body, the opposite of adduction
adduction
the movement of a limb toward the midline of the body, the opposite of abduction
flexion
decreasing the angle between two bones by bending a limb at a joint
extension
increasing the angle between two bones by the straightening out of a limb
elevation
the act of raising or lifting a body part
depression
the act of lowering a body part
supination
rotating the arm so that the palm of the hand is turned forward or upward
pronation
rotating the arm or leg so that the palm of the hand or sole of the foot is turned downward or backward
dorsiflexion
the movement that bends the foot upward at the ankle
plantar flexion
the movement that bends the foot downward at the ankle
femoral
pertaining to the femur or thigh
axillary
pertaining to the armpit
tarsal
pertaining to the ankle
antecubital
pertaining to the front side of the elbow
popliteal
pertaining to the back side of the knee
cervical
pertaining to the neck
genital
pertaining to the external reproductive organs
cryosurgery
the destruction or elimination of abnormal tissue cells through the application of extreme cold by using liquid nitrogen
hemiplegia
total paralysis affecting only one side (left or right) of the body
cystocele
also known as a prolapsed bladder, a hernia of the bladder through the vaginal wall
aphasia
the loss of the ability to speak, write, and/or comprehend the written or spoken word
antiemetic
a medication given to prevent or relieve nausea and vomiting
etiology
the study of the causes of diseases
laparoscopy
the visual examination of the interior of the abdomen
otitis media
inflammation or infection of the middle ear
bifurcate
a division into 2 branches or parts
lithotripsy
used to break up or crush kidney stones
biopsy
the removal of a small piece of living tissue for examination
dyspepsia
pain or discomfort in digestion, also known as indigestion
macrophage
a white blood cell that surrounds and kills invading cells
adipose tissue
also known as fat
anesthesia
without feeling or sensation
carcinogen
an agent or substance capable of causing cancer
hypertension
high blood pressure
nocturia
excessive urination at night
homeostasis
the process through which the body maintains a constant internal environment
carpals
the bones that form the wrist
sprain
an injury to a joint which occurs when a ligament is wrenched or torn
atherosclerosis
narrowing and hardening of the arteries due to a build up of fatty plaque
pericardium
the double-walled membranous sac that encloses the heart
quadriplegia
the paralysis of all 4 extremities
cranial
pertaining to the skull
polyphagia
excessive hunger
pathology
the study of all aspects of diseases
polydipsia
excessive thirst
nosocomial
an infection acquired in a hospital or health care facility
rhinorrhea
a watery flow from the nose, also known as a runny nose
lacrimal
pertaining to the tear ducts
mental
region of the head pertaining to the chin
dementia
a slowly progressive decline in mental abilities including memory, thinking, and judgment, that is often accompanied by personality changes
ambulate
to walk
arthritis
inflammation of a joint
HPV
human papillomavirus
DVT
deep vein thrombosis
DM
diabetes mellitus
gtts
drops
adrenocorticotropic
pituitary hormone that stimulates the cortex of the adrenal gland
scler/o
hard
