5 Skeletal System Flashcards
tachy-
fast, rapid
xanth/o
yellow
carp/o
wrist bones
front/o
forehead, brow
sprain
stretching or tearing of a ligament
femoral
pertaining to the thigh or femur
axillary
pertaining to the armpit
tarsal
pertaining to the ankle
antecubital
pertaining to the front of the elbow
popliteal
pertaining to the back of the knee
skeletal system functions
provides structure and protection, facilitates motion, stores calcium and phosphorus, and forms blood cells
axial skeleton
consists of the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum - these bones protect the brain and internal organs
appendicular skeleton
consists of the bones of the upper and lower limbs and the shoulder and pelvic girdle, these bones support and facilitate movement
ligament
connects bone to bone
flat bones
like the sternum and cranial bones, they protect internal organs
short bones
bones of the wrist and ankles (carpals and tarsals)
long bones
like the humerus and femur, they absorb stress and support body weight
irregular bones
like the bones of the vertebrae, they vary in shape and structure
sesamoid bones
round bones found near joints, like the patella
open fracture
also known as a compound fracture, the broken bone ends pierce the skin
greenstick fracture
partial break in a bone as a result of bending
comminuted fracture
fracture in which the bone is splintered or crushed into 3 or more pieces
impacted fracture
one end of a broken bone is driven into the other end
osteoporosis
a condition in which overall bone tissue loss results in bone pain, tenderness, and brittle weak bones
sutures
non-moving joints that connect bones of the skull
hinge joints
like the elbow, hinge joints move on one axis and allow flexion and extension
ball and socket joint
like the hip and shoulder, this is a freely moving joint that can rotate on any axis
osteoarthritis
wear and tear from aging causes loss of joint cartilage, resulting in pain and inflammation as bones rub against each other without cushioning
scoliosis
sideways curvature of the spine, often into a c or s shape
herniated disc
the soft disc that cushions between vertebrae ruptures and the jelly-like center leaks out, irritating nearby nerves and causing sciatica and back pain
dislocation
an injury that occurs when the end of a bone is forced out of position
strain
stretching or tearing of muscle or tendon
bursa
a small fluid-filled sac that cushions the bones, tendons, and muscles near a joint
bursitis
inflammation of a bursa, often occurring from repetitive motion
OA
osteoarthritis
PET
positron emission tomography
C1-C7
cervical vertebrae
T1-T12
thoracic vertebrae
L1-L5
lumbar vertebrae
CPD
cephalopelvic disproportion (the head of the fetus is too large for the birth canal)
