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TOXICOLOGY 2 > FINAL WINTER 2011 & 2012 > Flashcards

FINAL WINTER 2011 & 2012 Flashcards

1
Q

The natural form of the hallucinogen LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide) is found in:

A. the root of the mandrake plant.
B. a moss covering corn plants.
C. the seeds of the ephedra shrub.
D. a fungus which grows on rye/wheat plants.

A

D. a fungus which grows on rye/wheat plants.

or

A. the root of the mandrake plant

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2
Q

The most commonly used hallucinogen (All-Arounder) is which of the following?

​A. atropine
​B. scopolamine
​C. marijuama
​D. nitrous oxide

A

​C. marijuama

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3
Q

​The symptom of severe withdrawal from chronic alcohol abuse is: ​

A. respiratory depression
​B. slurred speech
​C. psychosis
D. convulsions

A

D. convulsions

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4
Q

​Psychiatric medications
​
A. work primarily on the endocrine system.
​B. are actually powerful pain killers.
​C. are used to rebalance irregular brain chemistry. ​
D. have no significant side effects.

A

​C. are used to rebalance irregular brain chemistry. ​

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5
Q

Which of the following routes of administration acts the fastest upon the brain? ​

A. injecting
​B. inhaling
​C. oral ingestion
​D. contact (transdermal) absorption

A

​B. inhaling

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6
Q

​Wernicke encephalopathy is a consequence of chronic abuse of which of the following?

A. marijuana ​
B. inhalants
​C. ethyl alcohol
D. atropine

A

C. ethyl alcohol

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7
Q

What is the name of the metabolite produced when alcohol and cocaine are used together?

​A. delta-9 THC
​B. cocaethylene
​C. ascorbic acid
​D. oxygenated cocaine

A

​B. cocaethylene

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8
Q

​Which of the following is True of crack cocaine?

​A. It has a higher melting point than powdered cocaine.
​B. It is more water-soluble than powdered cocaine.
C. Users are able to get a much higher dose into their brain over a shorter period of time than with powdered cocaine.
​D. None of the above is True.

A

C. Users are able to get a much higher dose into their brain over a shorter period of time than with powdered cocaine.

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9
Q

Which of the following is NOT True concerning nicotine? ​

A. Nicotine suppresses appetite.
​B. Nicotine increases metabolism.
​C. Nicotine produces a rapid tolerance response.
​D. A chew of tobacco puts less nicotine into the bloodstream than one smoked cigarette.

A

​D. A chew of tobacco puts less nicotine into the bloodstream than one smoked cigarette.

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10
Q 
Which is a possible deadly side effect of using heroin intravenously?
​
A. hyperventilation
​B. tachycardia
​C. convulsions 
​D. HIV infection
A

​D. HIV infection

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11
Q

The most common medical use of opioids is ​

A. anxiety control.
​B. emphysema.
​C. analgesia.
​D. tumor suppression.

A

​C. analgesia.

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12
Q

Methadone works by

​A. blocking a user’s reaction to heroin.
​B. making the user nauseous if using heroin.
​C. substituting a long-acting opioid for a short-acting one. ​D. acting as a antidepressant.

A

​C. substituting a long-acting opioid for a short-acting one.

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13
Q

​One of the reasons that GHB and Rohypnol® are similar to alcohol is their

A. effect on the liver.
​B. legality.
​C. solubility.
​D. disinhibitory effect.

A

​D. disinhibitory effect.

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14
Q

Which of the following is usually NOT an alcohol-related disease or disorder? ​

A. Alzheimer’s disease
​B. Wernicke’s encephalopathy
​C. Korsakoff’s psychosis
​D. Pancreatitis

A

A. Alzheimer’s disease

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15
Q

​Which is a symptom of severe alcohol withdrawal? ​

A. convulsions and seizures
​B. slurred speech
​C. blackout
​D. respiratory depression

A

A. convulsions and seizures

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16
Q

The reason that initially alcohol seems like a stimulant is that it

​A. increases blood flow.
​B. releases norepinephrine. ​
C. lowers serotonin.
​D. increases synapse activity.

A

​B. releases norepinephrine. ​

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17
Q

​Alcohol is more likely to cause violence in a person who ​

A. has a history of violence.
​B. has been using another downer at the same time. ​
C. is allergic to alcohol.
​D. is a long-term alcoholic.

A

A. has a history of violence.

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18
Q

​Which of the following is NOT a general effect of all a rounders?

​A. stimulating the sympathetic nervous system
​B. overloading the sensory pathways making the user acutely aware of all sensation
​C. intensifying one’s ability to reason so that sensation takes on less importance ​
D. causing the user to experience illusions, delusions, and sometimes hallucinations

A

​C. intensifying one’s ability to reason so that sensation takes on less importance ​

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19
Q 
​The anticholinergic alkaloids found in belladonna and datura are all of the following EXCEPT 
​A. atropine.
​B. histamine. 
​C. hyoscyamine. ​
D. scopolamine.
A

​B. histamine.

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20
Q

​Which of the following is NOT a long-term effect of smoking marijuana?

​A. acute and chronic bronchitis
​B. tones down the natural tendencies of the user ​
C. slows learning and disrupts concentration
​D. probably depresses the immune system

A

​B. tones down the natural tendencies of the user ​

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21
Q

Which statement is NOT True for inhalants?

​A. Inhalants are cheap, readily available, and widespread.
​B. In law enforcement, inhalant abuse has a low status among drug abuse problems.
​C. Inhalants are slow acting.
D. Inhalants have more direct effect on body tissues than most other psychoactive drugs.

A

​C. Inhalants are slow acting.

22
Q

Which is a reason people use inhalants?

A. They are cheaper.
​B. The high comes and goes quickly.
​C. They temporarily elevate mood and reduce inhibitions. ​D. All of the above.

A

​D. All of the above.

23
Q

​Which is a warning sign of organic solvent abuse? ​

A. chemical odor on the body
​B. blurred vision ​
C. acidosis
​D. intense hunger

A

A. chemical odor on the body

24
Q

Which is NOT True of nitrous oxide?

​A. When inhaled, it has a rapid onset and rapid dissolution of effects.
​B. It is classified as a controlled substance.
C. To possess nitrous oxide with the intent to use for other than medical, dental or commercial purposes is a misdemeanor in most states.
​D. Long-term exposure can cause nerve cell damage due to lack of oxygen.

A

​B. It is classified as a controlled substance.

25
Q 
Which is NOT one of the three main types of drugs used by athletes? 
​A. therapeutic drugs
​B. performance-enhancing drugs ​
C. hypertensive medications 
​D. street drugs
A

C. hypertensive medications

26
Q

Which is NOT a True statement about steroids?
​
A. Many young people use AASs strictly to enhance personal appearance.
​B. Long-term steroid use by men causes excessive masculinizing effects. ​
C. Heavy use of steroids can cause psychotic episodes.
​D. There are distinct withdrawal symptoms from heavy steroid use.

A

​B. Long-term steroid use by men causes excessive masculinizing effects. ​

27
Q

Which of the following is a popular nutritional supplement used by many athletes? ​

A. cremoline
​B. poppy seed paste ​
C. creatine
​D. vitamin D

A

C. creatine

28
Q 
​Historically, there have been three methods to achieve prevention goals. Which of the following is NOT one of those methods?
​
A. reduce the supply of drugs ​
B. reduce genetic influence ​
​C. reduce the demand for drugs ​
D. reduce the harm caused
A

B. reduce genetic influence ​

29
Q

Which of the following is considered a “date rape” drug?

A. Rohypnol®
​B. alcohol ​
C. Viagra®
D. heroin

A

A. Rohypnol®

30
Q

The major challenge of prevention efforts today is to provide what? ​

A. better curricula
​B. more programs for more individuals
C. measurement of long-term effectiveness for the strategies involved
D. a consensus about what drug abuse is and how to work with it

A

C. measurement of long-term effectiveness for the strategies involved

31
Q

Which of the following is FALSE?

​A. Physicians have a difficult time identifying alcoholism or drug abuse in the elderly.
​B. Failure to prevent and then treat chemical abuse among the elderly leads to huge medical costs.
C. Many manifestations of drug abuse in the elderly are attributed to other chronic illnesses.
D. Addiction is a progressive illness for the young but not for the elderly.

A

D. Addiction is a progressive illness for the young but not for the elderly.

32
Q

Which of the following is NOT a primary or supporting goal of treatment? ​

A. to promote motivation towards abstinence
​B. to make sure the individuals has “hit bottom”
​C. to create a drug-free lifestyle
​D. to address other psychiatric and emotional issues

A

​B. to make sure the individuals has “hit bottom”

33
Q

Which of the following would describe a wife who encourages her husband to continue his addiction so she
can maintain control over the relationship?

A. Intervention
​B. enabling
​C. codependency ​
D. dual diagnosis

A

​C. codependency ​

or

B. enabling

34
Q

Which statement is True?

​A. Substance-related disorders are classified in the DSM-IV-TR as personality disorders.
​B. Substance use disorders are divided into substance abuse, substance use, and substance abstinence.
​C. The word “addiction” is not used in DSM-IV-TR.
D. Substance-induced disorders include conditions that are treated by use of the specific substances
abused.

A

​C. The word “addiction” is not used in DSM-IV-TR.

35
Q

Withdrawal from chronic ethanol abuse result in which of the following?

A. sleepiness
B. hypotension
C. insomnia
D. asthma

A

C. insomnia

36
Q

The signs and symptoms of aversion therapy (aldehyde dehydrogenase is inhibited by the drug Disulfiram) are due to accumulation of ________ in the body.

A. Ethyl alcohol
B. Acetaldehyde
C. Formaldehyde
D. Ethylene glycol

A

B. Acetaldehyde

37
Q

Aggressive behavior referred to as “Roid Rage” is due to chronic use of which of the following chemicals?

A. narcotics
B. alcohol
C. testosterone
D. cocaine

A

C. testosterone

38
Q

The term “sinsemilla” refers to

A. the growing techiniques to increase THC content
B. the processing that converts marijuana leaves into hemp
C. the sins commited after smoking matijuana
D. . all of the above are correct

A

A. the growing techiniques to increase THC content

39
Q

Marijuana withdrawal does not cause

A. anger and irritability
B. seizures
C. inability to concentrate
D. craving

A

B. Seizures

40
Q

The primary goal of secondary prevention is to

A. prevent experimentation
B. do interventions so the addict will enter treatment
C. to stop drug use after it has begun
D. to identify psychiatric co-morbidities

A

C. to stop drug use after it has begun

41
Q

MATCHING

can be measured in urine after 2-3 Weeks

a. Alcohol
b. THC
c. Shoe polish
d. Methanol
e. Ethylene glycol

A

C. Shoe polish

42
Q

MATCHING

Commonly used an an inhalant

a. Alcohol
b. THC
c. Shoe polish
d. Methanol
e. Ethylene glycol

A

A. alcohol

43
Q

MATCHING

Can cause psychosis

a. Alcohol
b. THC
c. Shoe polish
d. Methanol
e. Ethylene glycol

A

b. THC

44
Q

MATCHING

can cause hypocalemia tetany

a. Alcohol
b. THC
c. Shoe polish
d. Methanol
e. Ethylene glycol

A

e. Ethylene glycol

45
Q

MATCHING

can cause blindness

a. Alcohol
b. THC
c. Shoe polish
d. Methanol
e. Ethylene glycol

A

d. Methanol

46
Q

MATCHING

Appetite stimulant and anti-nausea effect

a. Marijuana
b. Ketamine
c. Belladonna
d. Psychedelics
e. Barbiturates

A

A. Marijuana

47
Q

MATCHING

Cause mind-body separation and suppression pain perception

a. Marijuana
b. Ketamine
c. Belladonna
d. Psychedelics
e. Barbiturates

A

B. Ketamine

48
Q

MATCHING

Used by narcotics addicts to ask mitotic effect

a. Marijuana
b. Ketamine
c. Belladonna
d. Psychedelics
e. Barbiturates

A

c. Belladonna

49
Q

MATCHING

Cause synesthesia

a. Marijuana
b. Ketamine
c. Belladonna
d. Psychedelics
e. Barbiturates

A

D. psychedelics

50
Q

MATCHING

May be over-used by insomniacs

a. Marijuana
b. Ketamine
c. Belladonna
d. Psychedelics
e. Barbiturates

A

E. Barbituates

TOXICOLOGY 2 (7 decks)

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