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Government > Final Vocab Review > Flashcards

Final Vocab Review Flashcards

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1
Q

Bill of Rights

A

lists American unalienable rights

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2
Q

Civil Liberties

A

Protections against the government

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3
Q

Civil Rights

A

acts of government that seek to make national guarantees a reality for all people

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4
Q

Supreme Court

A

highest judicial court in a country/state

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5
Q

Amendment

A

a minor change or addition designed to improve a text, piece of legislation, etc

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6
Q

14th Amendment

A

No state may deprive any person of life, liberty, or property without due process of law

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7
Q

Process (Incorporation)

A

the way a business is formally organized and brought into existence

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8
Q

procedural due process

A

requires government officials to follow fair procedures before depriving a person of life, liberty, or property

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9
Q

establishment clause

A

prohibits government from making any law “respecting an establishment of religion”

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10
Q

Free Exercise Clause

A

protects citizens’ rights to practice their religion as they please, so long as the practice doesn’t run afoul of “public morals”

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11
Q

Congress

A

a bicameral legislature divided into two equal institutions: the House of Representatives and the Senate

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12
Q

Veto

A

a constitutional right to reject a decision/proposal made by a law-making body

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13
Q

Filibuster

A

action designed to prolong debate and delay/prevent a vote on a bill/resolution/amendment

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14
Q

Impeachment

A

legislative body brings charges against a public official

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15
Q

cabinet

A

body of high-ranking officials who advise the president on any subject

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16
Q

House of Representatives

A

lower chamber of the U.S. Congress who make and pass federal laws

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17
Q

Senate

A

Upper chamber of Congress; have the highest deliberative functions in government

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18
Q

President

A

the elected head of a republic

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19
Q

Jurisdiction

A

the official power to make legal decisions and judgement

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20
Q

Suffrage

A

the right to vote

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21
Q

Gerrymandering

A

practice of drawing electoral district lines in order to harm/benefit

22
Q

Political Efficacy

A

a feeling of influence or effectiveness in politics

23
Q

Interest Group

A

private organizations whose members share certain views/objectives; work to shape the making and content of public policy

24
Q

Lobbying/Lobbyists

A

attempt to affect the decisions/actions of public officials

25
Q

Media

A

means of communication that reach large audiences

26
Q

Political Party

A

group of persons who seek to control government through winning elections and holding public office

27
Q

Political Spectrum

A

range of political views

28
Q

Partisanship

A

strong support of their party and its policy stands

29
Q

Ideological

A

based on a particular set of beliefs

30
Q

Original jurisdiction

A

court a case is first heard

31
Q

appellate jurisdiction

A

hears a case on appeal

32
Q

Judicial review

A

gives Supreme Court power to decide the constitutionality of an act of government

33
Q

Reapportionment

A

redistribution of seats in the House

34
Q

Naturalization

A

Process of becoming a U.S. citizen

35
Q

War Powers Resolution

A

President can commit military force, congress authority and action

36
Q

Pigeonholed

A

bill never acted upon in committee

37
Q

Executive Order

A

president’s directives to agency

38
Q

Amnesty

A

blanket/group pardon

39
Q

Pocket Veto

A

not act for ten days while congress is in session

40
Q

line item

A

veto only a portion

41
Q

Judicial Restraint

A

encourages judges to limit their own power

42
Q

House representation is based on

A

Population

43
Q

What court case established judicial review

A

Marbury v Madison

44
Q

Who has the power to create inferior courts?

A

Congress

45
Q

which amendment established income tax?

A

16th Amendment

46
Q

how can congress override a veto?

A

2/3 vote in both houses

47
Q

Who are the president’s closest group of advisors

A

Executive Office of the President

48
Q

Dual Court System

A

State and Federal Courts

49
Q

Who’s next in line for President after VP?

A

Speaker of The House

50
Q

Disagree with majority opinion term

A

dissenting

51
Q

people who representatives represent

A

constituents

52
Q

presidential power to direct officials

A

executive order

Government (2 decks)

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