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Government > CV System > Flashcards

CV System Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the chambers of the heart?

A

What are the chambers of the heart? right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle

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2
Q

Explain how the flow of blood travels through the heart.

A

Blood enters through the right atrium and is pumped to the right ventricle, which then flows to the lungs. The lungs add oxygen to it and return the blood to the left atrium and left ventricle to supply the blood to the whole body.

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3
Q

What are the valves of the heart?

A

tricuspid, pulmonary, mitral, aortic

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4
Q

Explain how the heart maintains homeostasis in the body.

A

By regulating oxygen and nutrient delivery to the tissues.

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5
Q

Describe the components of blood pressure. Give examples of low, normal, and high blood pressure.

A

Systolic: heart contracts and pushes out blood
Diastolic: force exerted when the heart is at rest
80/65: low 120/80: normal 140/90: high

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6
Q

Describe the components of heart rate(pulse). Give examples of low, normal, and high

A

Heart rate is controlled by the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system. Low: 40-60 Normal: 60-100 High: 120+ at rest

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7
Q

Hypertension

A

Causes: diet, smoking
Symptoms: blurred vision, dizziness
Treatment: self-care and diuretics

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8
Q

Coronary artery disease

A

Causes: diabetes, obesity
Symptoms: dizziness, fatigue
Treatment: medication, surgery

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9
Q

myocardial infarction

A

Causes: CAD
Symptoms: dizziness, fatigue
treatment: medication, surgery

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10
Q

various cardiac arrhythmias

A

causes: smoking, hypertension
symptoms: fatigue, dizziness
treatment: surgery, maze procedure

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11
Q

ischemic heart disease

A

causes: smoking, hypertension
symptoms: chest pain, sweating
treatment: medication, surgery

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12
Q

Describe how an electrocardiogram works.

A

it detects irregular heart rhythms by recording electrical signals from the heart

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13
Q

Describe how a cardiac stress test works.

A

it shows problems with blood flow by recording the patient’s heart activity during exercise

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14
Q

Describe how an ultrasound works.

A

it uses high-frequency sound waves to view soft tissues inside the body

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15
Q

Describe the treatment/diagnosis: Coronary Artery Bypass Graft

A

improves blood flow to heart; treats CAD

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16
Q

Describe the treatment/diagnosis: Balloon Angioplasty

A

opens narrowed arteries, treats CAD

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17
Q

Describe the treatment/diagnosis: Stent Placement

A

inserting of a small tube into arteries, treats narrowed coronary arteries

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18
Q

Describe the treatment/diagnosis: Pacemaker

A

treats abnormal heart rhythms with a small device placed onto the body

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19
Q

Artery

A

A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart

20
Q

vein

A

Blood vessel carrying blood towards the heart

21
Q

tachy

A

rapid

22
Q

brady

A

slow

23
Q

sclerosis

A

hardening

24
Q

bacterial endocarditis

A

inflammation of the lining of the heart

25
Q

cardiomegaly

A

enlargement of the heart

26
Q

coronary thrombosis

A

blood clot in a coronary artery

27
Q

arteriosclerosis

A

hardening of the arteries

28
Q

pericarditis

A

inflammation of the pericardium

29
Q

anemia

A

deficiency of red blood cells

30
Q

angina

A

chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart

31
Q

congestive heart failure

A

heart is unable to pump its required amount of blood

32
Q

deep vein thrombosis

A

blood clot forms in a deep vein

33
Q

embolus

A

moving clot

34
Q

fibrillation

A

irregular heartbeat

35
Q

hemophilia

A

blood doesn’t clot

36
Q

defibrillation

A

electrical shock to restore the heart’s normal rhythm

37
Q

hematocrit

A

percentage of red blood cells

38
Q

complete blood count

A

blood test

39
Q

cardiology

A

study of the heart

40
Q

ausculation

A

listening to sounds within the body

41
Q

heart murmur

A

abnormal heart sound

42
Q

hemorrhage

A

excessive bleeding

43
Q

vasoconstrictor

A

tightening of blood cells

44
Q

vasodilator

A

promotes dilation of blood cells

45
Q

anticoagulant

A

prevents blood clots

Government (2 decks)

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