Final Vocab Flashcards
German monk that triggered revolt against church abuses.
Martin Luther
government run by religious leaders
Theocracy
Dark section of cities in which persecutions occurred
Ghetto
Calvinist belief that God long ago determined who would gain salvation.
Predestination
assembly or legislature
Diet
Northern German city in which 95 Theses was created.
Wittenberg, Germany
French reformer that influenced Protestant Reformation.
John Calvin
Reorganized Spanish monasteries and lived in isolation.
St. Teresa of Avila
Invented Telescope
Galileo Galilei
Set theory of gravity of laws and motion.
Isaac Newton
Improved medical procedures, prevented infections.
Ambrose Pare
Heliocentric view of the universe.
Nicolas Copernicus
Founded Society of Jesus
St. Ignatius
natural protection, resistance
Immunity
belief that a ruler’s authority comes directly from God.
Divine Right
King of Spain during their Gold Age.
Phillip II
Fleet of ships attacked by England and were unsuccessful, began collapse of Spanish Empire.
Armada (Spanish Armada)
King of France who also believed in divine right.
Louis XVI
Complete authority over the government and the lives of people.
Absolute monarchy
Officials appointed by king to govern provinces and collect taxes.
Intendant
French Protestant
Huguenots
Period of questioning and court set up to try to hear people’s pleas.
Inquisition
Small division in which parliamentary advisors worked for King.
Cabinet
Person of European and Native American descent
Mestizo
Policy of nation that exports more than it imports.
Mercantalism
Economic cycle that involves increase in prices and money.
Inflation
Agreement that ended French/Indian War and Seven Year War
Treaty of Paris
Economic system production and privately owned and operated for profit
Capitalism
Tax on imported goods
Tariff
Part of 7 year battle between Britain and France in America
French and Indian War
Interaction of goods/disease/plants between new and old war.
Colombian Exchange
Members of the highest class in Spain’s economies in the Americas.
Peninsulares
Agreement between people
Compact
Government in which constitution controls monarch’s power.
Limited Monarchy
Government in which ruling power belongs to few.
Oligarchy
Adapting ideas, technology and culture of the Western World.
Westernization
Native Americans forced harsh working conditions.
Encomienda System
Allowed Portugal to claim Brazil and be out of Spanish Empire
Treaty of Tordesillas
Distribution of military and economic power- nation being to strong
Balance of Power
Government system whose power is governed and limited by law.
Constitutional Monarchy
Absolute monarch, leader of the cavaliers.
Charles I
British Army General and leader of the Roundheads.
Oliver Cromwell
Autocratic ruler in which part of city is named after him.
Peter the Great
Ruthless and absolute monarch, divides Poland, took reins from ineffective ruler.
Catherine the Great
policy allowing business to operate with little or no government interference.
Laissez Faire
reduction in the number of people in an area.
Depopulation
Granted Huguenots religious freedom.
Edict of Nantes
French and Indian War between which two sides:
Britain and France
Versailles a symbol for:
The Sun King’s wealth
Encomienda system criticized by:
Francisco Pizarro
Criticized absolute monarchy and best way for liberty is to have these branches of gov’st
Baron de Montesequieu
Economist that believed in capitalism and no government interference.
Adam Smith
Powers divided between federal and state governments.
Federal Republic
Military tactic in which soldiers destroy everything in their path to hurt the enemy.
Scorched Earth Policy
European assembly that met after Napoleon’s era to rebuild Europe.
Congress of Vienna
A social class
Estate
Dissenting group of people.
Faction
Strong feeling of pride and devotion to one’s country.
Nationalism
The right to vote
Suffrage
Fighting carried through hit and run raids.
Guerrilla Warfare
Theory of not enough food for the world population, pop. Increasing faster than food supply.
Theory of population explosion
Goal of society to bring happiness for the greatest number of citizens with individual freedom but minimal government interference.
Utilitarianism
Domination by one country over another in political, economic and cultural life/ aspects.
Imperialism
WWI warfare in which troops were protected from enemy in a dugout but exposed to rats and environment.
Trench Warfare
Tripartite Pact countries:
Japan, Germany, Italy.
Aided/assisted/helped Europe after WWII, limited communism from spreading.
Truman Doctrine
Aided/assisted/helped Europe after WWII, limited communism from spreading.
Marshall Plan
U.S. policy in the prevention of communism spreading in Europe and World.
Containment
in the Roman Catholic Church, pardon for sins committed during a person’s lifetime.
Indulgences
