Chpt 19 Vocb Flashcards
working class
Proletariat
multistory building divided into crowded apartments.
Tenement
a business organization in such areas as shipping, mining, railroads, or factories.
Enterprise
idea that the goal of society should be to bring about the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people.
Utilitarianism
melt in order to get the pure metal away from its waste matter.
Smelt
Scottish engineer, looked at Newcomen’s invention in 1764 and set out to make improvements on the engine in order to make it more efficient. His engine, after several years of work, would become a key power source of the Industrial Revolution. The steam engine opened the door not only to operating machinery but eventually to powering locomotives and steamships.
James Watt
political ideology in which there is a gradual transition from capitalism to socialism instead of a sudden violent overthrow of the system.
Social Democracy
workers’ organization
Labor Union
a system developed in the 18th century in which tasks were distributed to individuals who completed the work in their own homes; also known as cottage industry.
Putting Out System
farms, factories, railways, and other large businesses that produce and distribute goods.
Means of Production
movement of people from rural areas to cities.
Urbanization
British economist, saw the effects of the population explosion—crowded slums, hungry fami- lies, unemployment, and widespread misery. After careful study, in 1798 he published An Essay on the Principle of Population. He concluded that poverty was unavoidable because the population was increasing faster than the food supply. was one of many thinkers who tried to understand the staggering changes taking place in the early Industrial Age.
Thomas Malthus
