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Human Development > Final Test > Flashcards

Final Test Flashcards

1
Q

What marks an individual’s entry into adulthood? How is it different across different cultures?

A

When you can take care of yourself financially. Other cultures - could be when you get married, holding a permanent job, economic independence, responsibility for oneself, rites of passage

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2
Q

What is emerging adulthood and What characterizes it?

A

The stage between adolescence and adulthood. It is characterized by identity exploration, instability, self-focused, feeling in between, and having lots of possibilities

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3
Q

What characterizes the transition into college? How is the college experience different from previous generations?

A
  • Going from older dominant high school state to impersonal large setting - more choices, more peers, and more free time.
  • More stress and more depression than older generations. (OR are they just reporting it more?)
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4
Q

What is creativity and how can you increase it?

A

Try to be surprised by something, surprise others, write down when you’re surprised, follow things that spark your interest, spend time in settings that stimulate creativity.

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5
Q

How do health practices as a young adult affect health in older age?

A

It gives you more life satisfaction - it makes bad or good habits
Can determine life satisfaction of 70 at 30

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6
Q

What are the factors contributing to ones weight?

A
  • heredity
  • environmental factors
  • dieting
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7
Q

What is the biology behind obesity?

A
  • Heredity
  • Leptin: A protein involved in feeling full.
  • Set point: Adipose cells
  • Environmental factors: greater availability of high fat foods
  • SES
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8
Q

What are the differences/similarities between females and males regarding sexuality?

A

Men have slightly more experience and permissive attitudes. Strongly related to life satisfaction in men and women.

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9
Q

What does research say about sexual harassment, rape, stalking? What are the stats? Who are the victims, who are the perpetrators?

A
  • Women are mostly the victims
  • 200,000 rapes reported each year
  • Only 11.5 % of rapes are reported
  • 62% of women say they have been sexually harassed
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10
Q

Basic understanding of STD’s and how they are spread

A

-

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11
Q

Basic understanding of STD’s and how they are spread

A

-

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12
Q

What contribute to flow and creativity?

A
  • Age, varies with field

- A peak in the 30s and 50s

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13
Q

What are some factors about careers? Which are increasing? What barriers might women and minorities face?

A
  • Long-term careers are disappearing because technology is increasing.
  • Women and minorities are not as likely to be promoted.
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14
Q

What characterizes sexual orientation?

A

Homosexual, bisexual, same-sex,

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15
Q

What are the different theories for what causes it?

A

-Caused by hormonal, cognitive, genetic, and environmental factors

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16
Q

How might temperament as a child affect behavior and relationships as an adult?

A

May depend on aspects of the environment -

-Three different kinds of temperment - avoident, obsessive, secure - this will translate into romantic relationships!

17
Q

How does attachment style affect early adulthood? Particularly relationships?

A
  • Romantic partners fill some of the same romantic needs as parents.
  • Adults may count on their partners for a secure base.
18
Q

Other benefits of secure attachment?

A

-Securely attached adults have a positive view of relationships and find it easier to get close to people.

19
Q

What are some factors in attraction? How do they differ between men and women?

A
  • Familiarity, similarity, first impression, physical attractiveness
  • Men care more about what their partner looks like than women
20
Q

What is consensual validation?

A

Our own attitudes and values are supported when someone else’s are similar to ours

21
Q

What is matching theory?

A

We tend to choose partners who match our level of attractiveness!

22
Q

What characterizes female friendships, male friendships, and cross-gender friendships?

A

Womens: Depth and breadth - self disclosure
Mens: Activities and competitive - don’t talk as much
Cross gender: Learning more about common feelings and interests - aquiring knowledge and understanding of beliefs and activities of the other gender! But different expectations and sexual boundaries!

23
Q

What are the different types of love, what characterizes each type, when/who/where would we expect to see each??

A

Romantic: (Passionate)
-Sexuality and infatuation
-Different emotions: anger, fear, passion, sexual desire, joy, jealousy
Affectionate: (Companionate)
-Deep and caring affection
-Passion becomes affection
-Emotional intimacy, sharing, and commitment
Consumate: (Strongest form)
-Combination of passion, intimacy, and commitment

24
Q

What are the stats about cohabitation, marriage, and divorce?

A

Cohabitation tends to be short in the US, relationships tend to be more equal.

  • No difference, maybe worse, divorce rates
  • -After being engaged had less divorce rates
25
Q

How are homosexual relationships similar/or different from from heterosexual relationships?

A

Similar: In satisfactions and conflicts, creating families with children,
Different: Easier to dissolve,

26
Q

What does Gottman say contributes to a happy marriage vs one that ends in divorce? (7 principles)

A
  1. Establishing love maps
  2. Nurturing fondness and admiration
  3. Turning toward each other instead of away
  4. Letting your partner influence you
  5. Setting solvable conflicts
  6. Overcoming gridlock
  7. Creating shared meaning
27
Q

What is Tannen’s theory about communication between/among men and women?

A

Women prefer RAPPORT talk: The language of conversation: a way of establishing connections and negotiating relationships.
Men prefer REPORT talk: designed to give information which includes public speaking

28
Q

Sternberg’s Triangular Theory of Love

A

Passion: Physical and sexual attraction to another
Intimacy: Emotional feelings of warmth, closeness, sharing
Commitment: Cognitive appraisal of the relationship and the intent to maintain the relationship even in the face of problems

29
Q

Pleck’s Role Strain Theory?

A

Male roles are contradictory and inconsistent.

-Men experience stress when they act in accord with mens roles and when they violate

Human Development (2 decks)

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