FINAL TEST Flashcards
International Typographic Style
Visual characteristics include a visual unity of design achieved by asymmetrical organization of the design elements on a mathematically constructed grid; objective photography and copy that present visual and verbal information in a clear and factual manner, free from exaggerated claims of propaganda and commercial advertising; and the use of sans-serif typography set in a flush-left and ragged-right margin configuration.
Semiotics
The general philosophical theory of signs and symbols; has three branches: semantics, syntactics, and pragmatics.
Univers
Sans-serif typeface created by Adrian Frutiger in 1954. Different weights and variations within the type family are designated by the use of numbers rather than names.
Helvetica
Sans-serif typeface developed by Edouard Hoffman and Max Miedinger in 1961. It has well-defined forms and excellent rhythm of positive and negative shapes. However, it’s various weights, italics, and widths were developed in different countries which made it lack cohesiveness.
The Golden Mean
Used to describe aesthetically pleasing proportioning within a piece. However, it is not merely a term, it is an actual ratio.
Logotype
It is a graphic mark or emblem commonly used by commercial enterprises, organizations and even individuals to aid and promote instant public recognition. a.k.a: logo.
Corporate Identity
It is the overall image of a corporation or firm or business in the minds of diverse publics, such as customers and investors and employees. It is a primary task of the corporate communications department to maintain and build this identity to accord with and facilitate the attainment of business objectives.
Annual Report
It is a comprehensive report on a company’s activities throughout the preceding year.
Corporate identity manual
A set of guidelines for how a logo should be used in various typographic settings.
Push Pin Almanack
Seymour Chwast and Edward Sorel created this publication after being fired from Esquire.
Push Pin Studio
Is a graphic design and illustration studio formed in New York City in 1954. Cooper Union graduates Milton Glaser, Seymour Chwast, Reynold Ruffins, and Edward Sorel founded the studio.
Iconography
Is the branch of art history which studies the identification, description, and the interpretation of the content of images: the subjects depicted, the particular compositions and details used to do so, and other elements that are distinct from artistic style. Particularly pertaining to the organization and classification of typefaces.
Push Pin style
Distinctive, eclectic union of illustration and design derived, according to Chwast, not from premeditation but from the requisites of the assignments themselves. It was a desire to state the client’s message in as personal yet as accessible a vocabulary as possible.
Print magazine
The journal was founded by William Edwin Rudge to demonstrate “the far reaching importance of the graphic arts” including art prints, commercial printing, wallpaper, etc. Contents were eclectic covering typography, book making, book printing, fine prints as well as the trade journal aspects of printing candy bar wrappers.
Psychedelic posters
Is any art inspired by psychedelic experiences induced by substances such as LSD, mescaline, psilocybin, and dimethyltryptamine.
Grapus
Was a collective of graphic artists, working together between 1970 and 1991, which sought to combine excellence of design with a social conscience.
Third-World poster
These address two constituencies: In their native lands, they speak about political and social issues, motivation people toward one side of a political or social struggle; a secondary audience exists in the industrial democracies, where distributors such as Liberation Graphics in Alexandria, Virginia, make posters available to Westerners who feel strongly about international issues.
Postmodernism
Is a late-20th-century movement in the arts, architecture, and criticism that was a departure from modernism. Includes skeptical interpretations of culture, literature, art, philosophy, history, economics, architecture, fiction, and literary criticism.
Late modernism
Describes movements which both arise from, and react against, trends in modernism and reject some aspect of modernism, while fully developing the conceptual potentiality of the modernist enterprise.
Supermannerism
American style of interior decoration dating from the 1960s employing odd optical tricks, synthetic materials that were either shiny and mirror-like, or transparent, and over-sized elements, so it was referred to as ‘mega-decoration’, and owed more to images in ‘Superman’ comics than to Mannerism. The term was applied in the 1970s to some large buildings falling into the category of Post-Modernism.
Supergraphics
Brightly colored and simply designed graphic shapes of billboard proportions.
New-wave typography
Refers to an approach to typography that actively defies strict grid-based arrangement conventions. Characteristics include inconsistent letterspacing, varying typeweights within single words and type set at unusual angles.
Retro design
A style that is consciously derivative or imitative of trends, modes, fashions, or attitudes of the recent past. It generally implies a vintage of at least fifteen or twenty years.
Vernacular design
Is a category of design based on local needs and construction materials, and reflecting local traditions.
Desktop publishing
The design and production of publications using personal computers with graphics capability.
Émigré
Is a digital type foundry, publisher and distributor of graphic design centered information based in Berkeley, California, that was founded in 1984 by husband-and-wife team Rudy VanderLans and Zuzana Licko.
Zines
It can be used to indicate a magazine is being published for profit or not, as in fanzine and prozine. Or it can describe what technology was used to reproduce it (carbonzine, mimeozine); how it is distributed: as part of an Amateur Press Association mailing (apazine), from person to person to person (chainzine), or electronically (ezine); or who is producing it (clubzine). Combozines consist of multiple fanzines bound together in a single issue. And finally, bad fanzines are known as crudzines, although not generally by their editors.
Hypertext
A computer-based text retrieval system that enables a user to access particular locations in webpages or other electronic documents by clicking on links within specific webpages or documents.
Interactive media/hypermedia
A computer-based information retrieval system that enables a user to gain or provide access to texts, audio and video recordings, photographs, and computer graphics related to a particular subject. a.k.a: hyperlinks
