Final study guide Flashcards
Get all of the topics form this year!
What are civics?
The study of duties, rights, and responsibilities of a citizen in a community.
What is a citizen?
A member of the community who is loyal to the government.
What is naturalization?
The process of giving someone who is not born in the U.S a citizenship.
What does the 14th amendment state?
It states anyone naturalized in the United States can have a citizenship.
The bicameral legislate is about what?
Dividing the houses into different groups; can make laws; legislative branch
Who are party whips? How long is their term?
2 year term; assistant leaders (that help the floor leaders) of the floor of the house and communications.
What are the qualifications to be in the senate?
- they must be 30 years old
- had to of been a U.S citizen for 9 years before the election
What are the qualifications to be in the H. of R?
- ATLEAST 25 years old
- Does not have to live in the state they represent
- has to of been a citizen for 7 years before the election
What is redistricting?
Changing or redoing; might be because people cheated
What is gerrymandering?
Is a practice of draw irregularly shaped districts to give a political party power over another
What is the term of the senate and the house representatives?
2 years!
What is incumbent?
It is your duty to do something.
What is reapportioning?
When the group is split up- to represent different states.
What U.S presidents have been impeached?
- Andrew Johnson
- Bill Clinton
What are some main roles of the U.S president?
- enforce and carry out laws
- represent us in wars and relationships
- The President is commander in chief of the armed forces..
- can Pardon those convicted of federal crimes
- can nominate judges (as long as the senate approved)
- gives state of union adress to congress
- signs bills from congress into laws
- Can issue and executive order.
What other job does ‘President of the senate’ have?
- They are also the Vice President
What can the president do with bills?
The president can veto the bills.
Can congress overrid a veto made by the president?
Yes, because they have 2/3 of the vote.
What is the state of union adress?
It is a yearly adress ( held in January) given to congress and House of Representatives by the president discussing plans for legislation.
What is an executive order?
A rule or order issued to the executive branch from the president.
What are primary elections?
Primary elections decide 1 candidate from each party to go up against each other in the general election.
What are national conventions and how often are they held?
National conventions are held every four years; they decide who the candidates for the next presidential election.
Who attends the national conventions?
The candidates for either the republic or democratic side.
What is the difference between the popular vote and electoral college vote?
The electoral decides who will run office for the 4 years, the popular vote chooses candidates.
What is the code of Hammurabi?
- It is one of the first formal-leaged codes.
Who was the code of Hammurabi made by and when?
It was made by Hammurabi, he was the ruler of the 1st dynasty of babylon. It was made in 170 BCE.
Who was the Justinian code written for and when?
It was written for the Roman emperor Justinian in 500 CE.
What ism the Justinian code considered to be?
The forebearer.
Who created canon law? When did they create it?
The Catholic Church created it the 1900’s.
What is the canon law based on?
The Ten Commandments & some legal codes found in the Bible.
- Also the highest bidding law.
Who did the canon law govern while in use?
It governed church officials and church members.
Who established common law and where?
Hint: not in America!
It was established in Britain by the kings.
Names not given
Who did common law let make decisions?
The judges and kings.
How did common law use precedence?
Precendace: decisions based on past decisions. (They made decisions based on the past.)
What system to this day is based on common law?
The American Legal System.
What does BCE mean?
Before Common Era
What are the four categories of law in America?
- Civil law
- constitutional law
- criminal law
- military law
Explain civil law and constitutional law:
What are the types of civil law?
Civil law: - deals with conflicts between people - disputes about an individuals rights Types of civil law: contract, family, property, and torts (torts is a wrongful act you can su for money). Constitutional law: - deals with rules from the constitution
Explain criminal law and military law:
Criminal law:
- the goal is to protect society
- it punishes people who violate laws that protect society.
Military law:
- also called uniform code of military justice
- makes sure that members of the military follow the law and military order.
What is federal and put it in a sentence?
Federal: national
- The structure of the federal court system.
What is jurisdiction?
Jurisdiction: the power over something
Give examples of jurisdiction:
- teachers with students
- parents have more jurisdiction with their children.
What is certiorari:
It is the right to be heard before the surpreme court.
What is a felony?
A serious crime.
What are examples of felonies?
Robing banks, murder, kidnapping, arson. :(
When was the Declaration of Independance written?
Written in 1776
Who wad the D of I sent to and from who?
It was sent to king George III from Thomas Jefferson.
What does the D of I begin stating?
It begins stating its preamble (introduction)
What does ratify mean?
It means to adopt.
What was ratified on July 4, 1776?
The Declaration of Independance.
What did the articles of confederation do?
It created our first government of the U.S and connected the 13 loose states into a loose confederation.
When were the articles of confederation ratified?
In 1781.
What was a focus of the articles of confederation?
A focus was giving strong states rights and a weak federal government.
What is currency?
Money
What are examples of currency?
U.S dollars, bitcoin.
What is the earliest form of money?
Bartering is the earliest form
What are examples of bartering?
Livestock, they provided transportation, clothing, and food.
What did the gold standard act lead to?
It led to money that was almost scarce.
What does the federal reserve (the fed) regulate?
It regulates blanks and helps control the supply of money in the U.S.
How many banks are in reserve for the fed?
There are 12 regional banks.
- Who appoints the chairman of the fed ?
- How long is the term of the chairman?
- the president
- the term is 1 year.
What is inflation?
- inflation is when prices for goods and services increase over time, so more money is needed to buy them.
Can inflation be good and bad? Explain how.
them.
- Yes, it can be good or bad..
Good:
- It can be good because its slow and gradual
- the fed found that it helps stabilize the economy and employment levels.
Bad:
- Can cause panic
- causes some to spend wildly to avoid the high prices
- it is difficult for people to buy goods/services so some reduce spending.
- causes prices to increase faster than wages do.
What is deflation?
- Decrease in overall prices
Opposite of inflation
Why does deflation happen?
It happens because the unemployment rate is high.
What is geography?
Georgraphy: the study of the location of distribution on physical features and the livings things on earth’s surface, and how they relate.
What do geographers use spacial areas for?
They use them for there work of studying instead of time periods.
What are regions?
Regions: nearby places with common characteristics.
What is there difference between physical geography and human geography?
Physical is studying the earths natural features and human is studying human activity as they relate to the earth.
What is a location?
The place where something exists.
What ways do longitude and latitude run?
Latitude: east to west
Longitude: north to south
What is a region?
Region: a group of nearby places that share certain characteristics.
What are the 6 physical regions of the U.S?
- Northwest
- southeast
- Mid-west
- Southwest
- Pacific coast
- mountain states
What is indigenous ?
Native people in the artic.
Where do indigenous people live in the U.S?
- they live in Arizona and New Mexico
- sandy desert areas
What are settlement patterns? Where are they based?
- The way that people cluster in certain areas to live.
- People settled in all types of environments in North America but not evenly.
