Final Study Guide Flashcards by Ben White

Changing rescuers while carrying out artificial respiration should be done ________.

A. without losing the rhythm of respiration

B. only with the help of two other people

C. by not stopping the respiration for more than 5 minutes

D. at ten-minute intervals

A. without losing the rhythm of respiration

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(3) stages of team building:

clarify the goal
identify inhibitors
remove inhibitors

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What is the minimum level of oxygen for safe entry into an enclosed space?

19.5%

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The rescuer can best provide an airtight seal during mouth to mouth ventilation by pinching the victim’s nostrils and _________.

A. cupping a hand around the patient’s mouth

B. keeping the head elevated

C. applying his mouth tightly over the victim’s mouth

D. holding the jaw down firmly

C. applying his mouth tightly over the victim’s mouth

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Skill 3 is primarily composed of doing what?

Fighting fair

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You are attempting to administer CPR to a victim. When you blow into his month it is apparent that no air is getting into the lungs. What should you do?

A. Blow harder to force the air past the tongue

B. Raise the victim’s head higher than his feet.

C. Press on the victim’s lungs so that air pressure will blow out any obstruction

D. Re-tip the head and try again

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A crew member has suffered frostbite to the toes of both feet. You should _________.

A. immerse the feet in warm water

B. warm the feet with a heat lamp

C. warm the feet at room temperature

D. rub the feet

A. immerse the feet in warm water

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Protecting and slowly rewarming affected area WITHOUT rubbing is treatment for what condition?

Any frostbite

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What is a major concern of a helicopter rescue when being hoisted from a liferaft?

Rotorwash flipping the raft

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According to MARPOL Annex 1, what is the rule regarding the discharge of liquid containing oil within Special Areas?

No Discharge

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All kinds of victual, domestic, and operational waste excluding fresh fish and parts thereof are classified as __________.

Garbage

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A ship can discharge disinfected sewage at an offshore distance of more than ________.

4 NM

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Treatment for this condition is quickly moving person to a cool shaded area, removing clothes, wrapping person in wet towels or sheets and pooring cold water over the individual. Placing cold packs under armpits, on wrists and ankles are alternate solutions. Cooling the patient as rapidly as possible is crucial.

Heat stroke

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Blotchy gray or blue skin that feels frozen with no yielding sensation when pressed upon is signs of ________.

Deep tissue frostbite

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Sign(s) of respiratory arrest requiring artificial respiration is (are) _______.

A. vomiting

B. blue color and lack of breathing

C. irregular breathing

D. unconsciousness

B. blue color and lack of breathing

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Oxygen-enriched atmospheres occur at a concentration level above what percent?

23.5%

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What is the percentage of oxygen by volume when the effect on human’s is: Faulty judgement and rapid fatigue

14%

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All ships are required to carry a __________ __________ _______ that records the date/time, position, description of garbage and estimated amounts.

Garbage Record Book (GRB)

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After a person has been revived by artificial respiration, he should be _________.

A. walked around until he is back to normal

B. given several shots of whiskey

C. kept lying down and warm

D. allowed to do as he wishes

C. kept lying down and warm

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According to the Clean Water Act, the _______ is the organization responsible for all non-transportation related facilities, both onshore and offshore.

EPA

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A crew member has suffered frostbite to the toes of the right foot. Which is NOT an acceptable first aid measure?

A. Rub the toes briskly.

B. Elevate the foot slightly.

C. Rewarm rapidly

D. Give aspirin or other medication for pain if necessary

A. Rub the toes briskly.

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A single lift sling is placed under the ________ of the survivor and secured with a sliding ________.

Armpits
Toggle

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The FWPCA requires all vessels of 300 GTs or larger and all tank barges carrying hazardous substances or oil to carry a Certificate of ________ _____________.

Certificate of Financial Responsibility

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What is the proper treatment for frost bite?

A. rubbing affected area with ice or snow

B. rubbing affected area briskly to restore circulation

C. wrapping area tightly in warm cloths

D. warming exposed parts rapidly

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What are the (3) exceptions to the MARPOL Annexes regarding Oil, Sewage or Garbage discharge?

1. Safety of Ship and/or Lifesaving 2. Ship or equipment damage (all reasonable precautions) 3. Loss of synthetic fishing nets (all reasonable precautions)

Physical exertion on the part of a person who has fallen into cold water would \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. A. be the best thing to try if there was no rescue in sight B. increase survival time in the water C. increase the rate of heat loss from the body D. no affect the heat loss from the body

C. increase the rate of heat loss from the body

Understanding how to fight legally is Skill \_\_\_\_.

Skill 2

What (3) are required to be included in a vessel's Response Plan?

1. Identify PIC 2. Identify and ensure sufficient personnel and equipment available for response 3. Describe training and other preparations

A shipmate suddenly, cannot speak, and starts to turn blue. You should \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. A. perform the Heimlich maneuver B. make the victim lie down with the feet elevated to get blood to the brain C. immediately administer CPR D. do nothing until the victim becomes unconscious

A. perform the Heimlich maneuver

During night helo ops always properly ______ the landing area.

Light

The landing area for a helicopter should always be at least _______ feet in diameter.

50 ft

If the helicopter lands, never approach the aircraft from behind to avoid being struck by the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.

Tail rotor

Why should objects lowered by helicopter be allowed to touch the deck or water before being touched by vessel crew?

To avoid shock from static electricity

What (2) possible outcomes does stress trigger?

1. Energizing 2. Interferring

What is the best treatement for a broken or fractured bone?

Immobilize the affected limb or area

Defn: The process of enabling a team of people to reach their goal.

Team building

Defn: A tank used for the collection and storage of sewage.

Holding Tank

What are the symptoms of sun stroke? A. Temperature falls below normal, pulse is rapid and feeble, skin is cold and clammy B. Temperature is high, pulse is strong and rapid, skin is hot and dry. C. Temperature is high, pulse is slow and feeble, skin is clammy D. Temperature falls below normal, pulse is rapid, skin is clammy

B. Temperature is high, pulse is strong and rapid, skin is hot and dry.

A crew member suffering from hypothermia should be given \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. A. a small dose of alcohol B. treatment for shock C. a large meal D. a brisk rub down

B. treatment for shock

MARPOL's Regulations for the Prevention of Pollution by Oil is which Annex?

Annex 1

A crew member is unconscious and the face is flushed. You should \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. A. lay the crew member down with the head and shoulders slightly raised B. administer a liquid stimulant C. lay the crew member down with the head lower than the feet D. attempt to stand the crew member upright to restore consciousness

A. lay the crew member down with the head and shoulders slightly raised

A double lift can be used to lift two survivors or one survivor who is suffering from hypothermia. Where would the slings be placed?

One under an armpit One under the lower thigh

Annex 1 = \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.

Annex 1 = Oil

What year was the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships established by the IMO?

1973

What were states encouraged to do by the Oil Pollution Act, 1990?

Enact stricter state legislation on top of the OPA

A person who gets battery acid in an eye should IMMEDIATELY wash the eye with \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. A. boric acid solution B. water C. baking soda solution D. ammonia

B. water

What Act was created as a result of the Exxon Valdez running aground?

Oil Pollution Act of 1990

The MOST important element in administering CPR is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. A. having the proper equipment for the process B. starting the treatment quickly C. administering of oxygen D. treating for traumatic shock

B. starting the treatment quickly

At what rate would you render mouth to mouth or mouth to nose artificial respiration to an adult? A. 4 to 6 times per minute B. 12 to 15 times per minute C. 20 to 30 times per minute D. At least 30 times per minute

B. 12 to 15 times per minute

What is a requirement for all vessels 12 meters or more regarding crew and passenger notifications for discharging garbage?

Placards are required detailing the distances for garbage disposal

Hot dry and flushed skin, confusion or lost consciousness, rapid weak pulse and dialated pupils are signs of what condition?

Heat stroke

Minimum disposal limits for dunnage, lining, and packing materials that will float is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.

25 NM

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ prohibits the discharge of oil, hazardous substances, or pollutants upon the navigable waters of the US, adjoining shorelines, contiguous zone waters, or waters seaward of the contiguous zone that may affect US natural resources.

Clean Water Act (or Federal Water Pollution Control Act, 1972)

If someone suffers a heart attack and has ceased breathing, you should \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. A. immediately give a stimulant, by force if necessary B. make the victim comfortable in a bunk C. immediately start CPR D. administer oxygen

C. immediately start CPR

To reduce mild fever the MOST useful drug is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_. A. bicarbonate of soda B. paregoric C. aspirin D. aromatic spirits of ammonia

C. aspirin

The rescuer can best provide an airtight seal during mouth-to-mouth resuscitation by pinching the victim's nostrils and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. A. cupping a hand around the patient's mouth B. keeping the head elevated C. applying his mouth tightly over the victim's mouth D. holding the jaw down firmly

C. applying his mouth tightly over the victim's mouth

A victim is coughing and wheezing from a partial obstruction of the airway. An observer should \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. A. perform the Heimlich maneuver B. immediately start CPR C. give back blows and something to drink D. allow the person to continue coughing and dislodge the obstruction on their own

D. allow the person to continue coughing and dislodge the obstruction on their own

Every ship of 400 GT or certified to carry 15 or more people must carry what?

An approved garbage management plan

Should one try and reset a fractured bone?

Before CPR is started, you should \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. A. establish an open airway B. treat any bleeding wounds C. insure the victim is conscious D. make the victim comfortable

A. establish an open airway

What is the short term for the IMO Convention regarding pollution?

MARPOL

Treatment: - lay victim down - elevate legs approx. 12" above head unless injury prevents - No food or drink - Medical attention required

Shock

Concentrations above the UEL are considered too ______ to burn.

Rich

How does OSHA define a confined space?

- Small size - Limited access

Treatment of sunstroke consists principally of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. A. cooling, removing to shaded area, and lying down B. bathing with rubbing alcohol C. drinking ice water D. All of the above

A. cooling, removing to shaded area, and lying down

Symptoms of heat stroke are \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. A. cold and moist skin, high body temperature B. cold and dry skin, low body temperature C. hot and moist skin, high body temperature D. hot and dry skin, high body temperature

D. hot and dry skin, high body temperature

If a person gets something in his or her eye and you see that it is not embedded, you can \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. A. get them to rub their eye until the object is gone B. remove it with a match or toothpick C. remove it with a piece of dry sterile cotton D. remove it with a moist, cotton-tipped applicator

D. remove it with a moist, cotton-tipped applicator

You are administering chest compressions during CPR. Where on the victim's body should the pressure be applied? A. Lower half of the sternum B. Tip of the sternum C. Top half of the sternum D. Left chest over the heart

A. Lower half of the sternum

Concentrations below the LEL are considered too ______ to burn.

Lean

Defn: The drainage and other wastes from toilets, urinals, WC scuppers, drainage from medical premises, spaces containing living animals, and other waste waters when mixed with the drainage is classified as?

Sewage

What must be worn if entering an oxygen-deficient atmosphere?

An SCBA

Treatment for this condition includes moving patient into a cool shaded place to rest, removal or loosening of clothing, slowly cooling the patient by fanning and having them sip water if conscious.

Heat exhaustion

In order to initiate CPR on a drowning victim, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. A. start chest compressions before the victim is removed from the water B. drain water from the lungs before ventilating C. begin mouth-to-mouth ventilations D. do not tilt the thead back since it may cause vomiting

C. begin mouth-to-mouth ventilations

What is the main source of heat loss on the body?

The head

When administering artificial respiration, it is MOST important to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. A. monitor blood pressure B. clear airways C. use the rhythmic pressure method D. know all approved methods

B. clear airways

What is considered the "normal" concentration of oxygen in air?

21%

Which should NOT be a treatment for a person who has received a head injury and is groggy or unconscious? A. Give a stimulant B. Elevate his head C. Stop severe bleeding D. Treat for shock

A. Give a stimulant

Defn: A clinically descriptive term for the mind and body's behavioral response to a stimulus

General Adaptive Syndrome (GAS)

How does ISGOTT define a confined space? (2)

1. Area with restricted access, not subject to continuous ventilation 2. Area with toxic atmosphere due to gases

According to the Clean Water act, the _______ is the organization responsible for transportation related facilities including vessels, railroads, tank trucks, and pipelines.

USCG

Who enforces the Clean Water Act (2)?

1. USCG 2. EPA

What action should be taken for a patient suffering from heat exhaustion? A. moved to a cool room and told to lie down B. kept standing and encouraged to walk slowly and continuously C. given a glass of water and told to return to work after 15 minutes of rest D. None of the above are correct

A. moved to a cool room and told to lie down

In all other areas not designated as "Special Areas", discharge is allowable below ________ PPM according to MARPOL Annex 1

15 PPM

What is the percentage of oxygen by volume when the effect on human's is: Difficult breathing, death occurs within minutes

Cool or cold skin, altered mental state, shivering, erratic pulse rate and bluish or deepening purple skin tones are indicators of what medical condition?

Hypothermia

Nearly ______ percent of deaths in confined spaces can be contributed to hazardous atmospheres.

50%

To avoid capsizing in the rotor downwash of a rescue helo, what can liferaft passengers do?

Distribute weight evenly around the raft.

The provisions of the Clean Water Act (FWPCA) can be found in Title _______ or the CFR.

Title 33 of the CFR

Any facility that could potentially spill into navigable water and meets certain criteria as to storage capacity, must prepare and implement a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.

Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasure (SPCC) Plan

Defn: A state of dynamic physical and mental tension caused by reaction to a stimulus.

Stress

Skin with a white and waxy appearance that appears frozen to the touch are signs of what?

Superficial frostbite

No entry will be allowed into an oxygen-enriched space above ______ percent.

23.5%

The most effective treatment for warming a crew member suffering from hypothermia is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. A. running or jumping to increase circulation B. raising body temperature rapidly by placing hands and feet in hot water C. bundling the body in blankets to rewarm gradually D. laying prone under heat lamps to rewarm rapidly

C. bundling the body in blankets to rewarm gradually

Surveys regarding sewage management on board a ship are made every \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.

5 year

Who is responsible for reporting to the National Response Center a discharge of harmful quantities of oil into navigable waters?

The PIC

Annex 4 = \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.

Annex 4 = Sewage

Symptoms: - Altered mental state, confusion - paleness, cool, moist skin - rapid breathing - rapid pulse - restlessness

Shock

The Federal Water Pollution Control Act (FWPCA) is also known as the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.

Clean Water Act

Annex 5 covers Regulations for the Prevention of Pollution by __________ from Ships.

Annex 5 = Garbage

Who implements the OPA, 90?

USCG EPA

Severe muscle cramps, usually in arms, legs, and abdomen associated with heat exposure are what medical condition?

Heat cramps

If sewage is not properly disinfected then a ship shall not discharge until at a distance of more than _________ from land and at a speed of not more than \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.

12 NM, 4 Kts

What authority did the Oil Pollution Act, 1990 give the USCG?

To review National Driver Register for licensing purposes

What is a preferable option for the aircraft when it comes to passenger pick up? A. The injured person should get into the water in order to be hoisted by the helo. B. The person should be hoisted from the helicopter deck. C. The helicopter should land for the pick up if there is enough space on the ship to safely do so. D. The vessel should proceed to the nearest land to have the helicopter land and pick up the passenger.

C. The helicopter should land for the pick up if there is enough space on the ship to safely do so.

When applying chest compressions on an adult victim during CPR, the sternum should be depressed about \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. A. 1/2 inch or less B. 1/2 to 1 inch C. 1 to 1-1/2 inches D. 1-1/2 to 2 inches

D. 1-1/2 to 2 inches

Symptoms for this medical condition are fatigue, nasuea, headache with clammy, moist skin, and profuse perspiration along with rapid shallow breathing and a weak pulse.

Heat exhaustion

What are (3) stages of GAS?

1. Alarm stage 2. Resistance stage 3. Exhaustion stage

What percentage of oxygen is considered "oxygen-deficient" and is life threatening?

19.5%

In reviving a person who has been overcome by gas, fumes, what would you AVOID doing? A. giving stimulants B. Prompt removal of the patient from the suffocating atmosphere C. Applying artificial respiration and massage D. keeping the patient warm and comfortable

A. giving stimulants

The minimum disposal limits from land for food waste is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.

12 NM

What was the ruling regarding single-hulled tankers according to the OPA, 90?

Single-hulled tankers to be phased out.

How long is the Garbage Record Book kept for aboard ship?

2 years

Defn: A group of people working toward a common goal.

Team

The FWPCA or Clean Water Act was established in \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.

1972

Do stress levels determine performance?

Yes

What is the BAC of crew members required to be below according to OPA?

BELOW .04 BAC

Where should the ship steer during helo ops to assist the aircraft in its approach?

Into the wind

If food waste has been passed through a 1 inch screen then it can be disposed at a distance of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.

3 NM

What (2) factors contribute to flammable atmospheres:

1. Concentration of O2 2. Fuel in mixture

DEFN: An amount to which a sheen on the water appears

Harmful Quantities

When garbage is mixed with other discharges having different disposal or discharge requirements, the _______ (more/less) stringent requirements shall apply.

more stringent

What is the best way to handle stress?

Manage stress

Are most ship's stretchers designed for a helicopter lift?

What is the percentage of oxygen by volume when the effect on human's is: Mental failure / fainting

The disposal of all plastics into the sea is authorized/prohibited.

Prohibited

What must vessels prepare in order to handle, store or transport oil according to the OPA, 90?

Response plans

What is used to lift an unconscious survivor to a helicopter?

A stretcher

Anything that is lowered from the helicopter should touch what first?

The deck or water

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ hazards exist whenever an entrant may become trapped or enveloped by dry bulk or liquid material.

Engulfment hazards

During conflict, naturally believing that you are right and the other person is wrong is an example of which skill?

Skill 1

Defn: Lowest concentration of a gas or vapor in air capable of producing a flash or fire in the presence of an ignition source.

Lower Explosive Limit

Individuals not currently being hoisted by a rescue aircraft should do what?

Remain seated for stability

If the patient vomits during mouth-to-mouth resuscitation, the rescuer should FIRST \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. A. ignore it and continue mouth-to-mouth ventilation B. pause for a moment until the patient appears quiet again, then resume ventilation mouth-to-mouth C. switch to mouth-to-nose ventilation D. turn the patient's body to the side, sweep out the mouth and resume mouth-to-mouth ventilation

D. turn the patient's body to the side, sweep out the mouth and resume mouth-to-mouth ventilation

Moving a patient into a cool place and having them sip water or salted liquids is treatment for what condition?

Heat cramps